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A Systematic Literature Review on blockchain consensus mechanisms’ Security: Applications and Open Challenges

Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2024年第6期48卷 1437-1481页

作者： Muhammad Muntasir Yakubu Mohd Fadzil B Hassan Kamaluddeen Usman Danyaro Aisha Zahid Junejo Muhammed Siraj Saidu Yahaya Shamsuddeen Adamu Kamal Abdulsalam Department of Computer and Information Science Universiti Teknologi PETRONASPerak32610Malaysia Department of Information Technology Faculty of ComputingFederal University Dutsin-MaKatsina5001Nigeria Institute of Autonomous Systems Universiti Teknologi PETRONASPerak32610Malaysia Institut für Luftfahrtsysteme Universität StuttgartStuttgart70569Germany Department of Computer Science Academic City University CollegeAgbogbaAccra421Ghana Department of Mathematical Sciences National University of the Center of the Province of Buenos AiresPintoTandil399Argentina

This study conducts a systematic literature review(SLR)of blockchain consensus mechanisms,an essential protocols that maintain the integrity,reliability,and decentralization of distributed ledger *** aim is to comprehensively investigate prominent mechanisms’security features and vulnerabilities,emphasizing their security considerations,applications,challenges,and future *** existing literature offers valuable insights into various consensus mechanisms’strengths,limitations,and security vulnerabilities and their real-world ***,there remains a gap in synthesizing and analyzing this knowledge *** this gap would facilitate a structured approach to understanding consensus mechanisms’security and vulnerabilities *** study adheres to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines and computer science standards and reviewed 3749 research papers from 2016 to 2024,excluding grey literature,resulting in 290 articles for descriptive *** research highlights an increased focus on blockchain consensus security,energy efficiency,and hybrid mechanisms within 60%of research papers post-2019,identifying gaps in scalability,privacy,and interoperability for future *** synthesizing the existing research and identifying the key trends,this SLR contributes to advancing the understanding of blockchain consensus mechanisms’security and guiding future research and structured innovation in blockchain systems and applications.

关键词： blockchain consensus mechanisms supply chain management proof of work(PoW) proof of stake(PoS) practical byzantine fault tolerance(PBFT)

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