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Role of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Diseases:Pathogenesis,Diagnosis,and Treatment

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2022年第6期10卷 1176-1185页

作者： Tingmao Xue Judy Wai Ping Yam Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery II Zhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina Department of Pathology School of Clinical MedicineLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong KongChinaReceived

Extracellular vesicles(EVs)are vesicular bodies that bud off from the cell membrane or are secreted virtually by all cell *** EVs(sEVs or exosomes)are key mediators of cell-cell communication by delivering their cargo,including proteins,lipids,or RNAs,to the recipient cells where they induce changes in signaling pathways and phenotypic *** findings have revealed the pivotal involve-ment of sEVs in the pathogenesis of various *** the bright side,they are rich sources of biomarkers.for diag-nosis,prognosis,treatment response,and disease *** have high stability,biocompatibility,targetability,low toxicity,and are immunogenic in *** intrinsic properties make sEVs an ideal delivery vehicle to be loaded with cargo for therapeutic *** diseases are a major global health *** review aims to focus on the roles and mechanisms of sEVs in the pathogenesis of liver diseases,liver injury,liver failure,and liver *** are released not only by hepatocytes but also by stromal and immune cells in the *** detection of liver disease determines the chance for cura-tive treatment and high survival of *** review focuses on the potential of circulating sEV cargo as specific and sensitive noninvasive biomarkers.for the early detection and prognosis of liver *** addition,the therapeutic use of sEVs derived from various cell types is ***-though sEVs hold promise for clinical applications,there are still challenges to be overcome by further research to bring utilization of sEVs into clinical practice.

关键词： Small extracellular vesicles Liver injury Liver fibrosis Liver fail-ure Hepatocellular carcinoma biomarkers.

Distribution of aromatic bio-markers in pyrolysates of co-ccolithophore

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2001年第3期46卷 246-252页

作者： ZHOU Wen WU Qingyu WANG Ruiyong SONG Yitao ZHANG Linye LIU Zhili Department of Biological Science and Technology Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Department of Biological Science and Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Geological Science and Research Institute Shengli Petroleum Administration BureauDongying 257015China

Analyses of the original and pyrolytic products of coccolithophore at various temperatures suggest that the contribution of coccolithophore to the formation of large immature oil reservoirs should attract keen interest. Through biochemical processes algae can change inorganic sulphur into organic sulphur, which could be one of the most important precursors of organic sulphur compounds in oil and source rocks. When Methylphenanthrene Index (MPI) and Methylphenanthrene Ratio (MPR) indices were used to evaluate the evolution degree of source rocks and oil maturity, other maturity indices must be used together for correction. In low maturity, the relative abundances of diben-zothiophene (DBT), fluorine (F) and dibenzofuran (DBF) can be used to identify the oxidation-reduction environments.

关键词： coccolithophore pyrolysates aromatic biomarkers.

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A Serum Biomarker Model to Diagnose Pancreatic Cancer Using Proteomic Fingerprint Technology

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Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology 2008年第3期5卷 200-205页

作者： Chunlin Ge Ning Ma Dianbo Yao Fengming Luan Chaojun Hu Yongzhe Li Yongfeng Liu The Department of General Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Shenyang 110001 Liaoning Province China. Department of Clinical Laboratory Peking Union Medical College Hospital Peking Union Medical College ＆ Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100730 China.

OBJECTIVE To establish a serum protein pattern model for screening pancreatic cancer. METHODS Twenty-nine serum samples from patients with pancreatic cancer were collected before surgery, and an additional 57 serum samples from age and sex-matched individuals without cancer were used as controls. WCX magnetic beans and a PBS II-C protein chip reader （Ciphergen Biosystems Inc） were employed to detect the protein fingerprint expression of all serum samples. The resulting profiles comparing serum from cancer and normal patients were analyzed with the Biomarker Wizard system, to establish a model using the Biomarker Pattern system software. A double-blind test was used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the model.RESULTS A group of 4 biomarkers.（relative molecular weights were 5,705 Da, 4,935 Da, 5,318 Da, 3,243 Da） were selected to set up a decision tree to produce the classification model to effectively screen pancreatic cancer patients. The results yielded a sensitivity of 100% （20/20）, specificity of 97.4% （37/38）. The ROC curve was 99.7%. A double-blind test used to challenge the model resulted in a sensitivity of 88.9% and a specificity of 89.5%. CONCLUSION New serum biomarkers.of pancreatic cancer have been identified. The pattern of combined markers provides a powerful and reliable diagnostic method for pancreatic cancer with high sensitivity and specificity.

关键词： pancreatic cancer proteomic SELDI-TOF-MS classification model biomarkers.

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Proteomic approaches to biomarker discovery in lung cancers by SELDI technology

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Science China Life Sciences 2003年第5期46卷 531-537+565页

作者：肖雪媛卫秀平何大澄 Affiliated Beijing Tiantan Hospital Capital University of Medical Sciences Beijing 100050 China Institute of Cell Biology College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Universities?Confederated Institute of Proteomics Beijing 100875 China Institute of Cell Biology College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Universities?Confederated Institute of Proteomics Beijing 100875 China

The purpose of the present work is to identify protein profiles that could be used to discover specific biomarkers.in serum and discriminate lung cancer. Thirty serum samples from patients with lung cancer (15 cases of primary brochogenic carcinoma, 9 cases of metastasis lung cancer and 6 cases of lung cancer after chemotherapy) and twelve from healthy individuals were analyzed by SELDI (Surfaced Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization) technology. Anion-exchange columns were used to fractionate the sera with 6 designated pH washing solutions. Two types of protein chip arrays, IMAC-Cu and WCX2, were employed. Protein chips were examined in PBSII ProteinChip Reader (Ciphergen Biosystems Inc.) and the resulting profiles between cancer and normal were analyzed with Biomarker Wizard System. In total, 15 potential lung cancer biomarkers. of which 6 were up-regulated and 9 were down-regulated, were discovered in the serum samples from patients with lung cancer. 5 of 15 these biomarkers.were able to be detected on both WCX2 and IMAC-Cu protein chips. The sensitivities provided by the individual markers range from 44.8% to 93.1% and the specificities were 85.0%—94.4%. Our results suggest that serum is a capable resource for detection of lung cancer with specific biomarkers. Moreover, protein chip array system was shown to be a useful tool for identification, as well as detection of disease biomarkers.in sera.

关键词： protein chip array system lung cancer biomarkers.

Prognostic biomarkers.in Patients with Ischemic Stroke Who Received Thrombolytic Therapy

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第6期6卷 570-577页

作者： Aleksandrs Fjodorovs Clinic of Neurology Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital Riga LV 1002 Latvia

Background： The aim of the research was to evaluate the association between CRP （C-reactive protein）, troponin I, d-dimer, creatinine, glucose, GFR （glomerular filtration rate） and LDL-C （low-density lipoprotein cholesterol） levels at the admission and the results of thrombolytic therapy. Materials and methods： 113 patients who underwent thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital from 01.01.2015 to 01.01.2016 were studied retrospectively. Blood samples were collected in the emergency department. The neurological status was estimated using the NIHSS （National Institute of Health Stroke Scale）. The efficacy of thrombolytic therapy was assessed by comparing NIHSS score at the admission and after treatment. Afterward all patients were divided into three groups-the major improvement （NIHSS 〉 4）, minor improvement （NIHSS ≤ 4） and without any clinical effect. Results： Only the median levels of GFR were significantly （p = 0.015） lower in patients who did not have any clinical improvements after thrombolytic therapy as compared to patients with the major or minor improvements （60.0, IQR （interquartile range） 42.4-72.3 mL/min/1.73m2; 83.2, IQR 65.3-98.3 mL/min/1.73m2 and 75.9, IQR 59.2-94.6 mL/min/1.73m2）. Based on the ROC （receiver operating characteristic） curve, the optimal cut-off value of GFR level as an indicator for prediction of worsen clinical outcome after thrombolytic therapy was projected to be 61.65 mL/min/1.73m2, which yielded a sensitivity of 71.4% and a specificity of 24.5%, the area under the curve was 0.788 （95% CI （confidence interval）, 0.648-0.928）. According Spearman rank correlation test was founded statistically significant indirect correlation between GFR level and NIHSS score after treatment （r = -0.410, p = 0.020） in patients with severe stroke （NIHSS 〉 14）. Conclusions： GFR level lower than 61.65 mL/min/1.73m2 at the admission could predict as a worse outcome, especially in patients with severe

关键词： Ischemic stroke thrombolytic therapy effectiveness clinical outcome biomarkers.