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Ecological impact of land reclamation on Jiangsu coast(China):A novel ecotope assessment for Tongzhou bay

Water Science and Engineering 2020年第1期13卷 57-64页

作者： Jos R.M.Muller Yong-ping Chen Stefan G.J.Aarninkhof Ying-Chi Chan Theunis Piersma Dirk S.van Maren Jian-feng Tao Zheng Bing Wang Zheng Gong Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2600 GAthe Netherlands Baggermaatschappij Boskalis BV Papendrecht 3350 AEthe Netherlands College of Harbor Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences(GELIFES) University of GroningenGroningen 9700 CCthe Netherlands Department of Coastal Systems NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht UniversityDen Burg 1790 ABthe Netherlands Unit of Marine and Coastal Systems DeltaresDelft 2600 MHthe Netherlands

China’s continuous and rapid economic growth has led to the reclamation of large sections of the intertidal mud coast in combination with port construction,such as that of the proposed Tongzhou bay port on the Jiangsu *** reclamations threaten the local ecosystem *** ecotope distribution map was created and a hydrodynamic numerical model of Tongzhou bay was set up to quantify the impacts of reclamation on the *** on the field data and model results,several abiotic features were classified into 11 ecotopes and visualized in an ecotope map of the Tongzhou bay *** with spatial distributions of two threatened shorebird species(bar-tailed godwit and great knot) showed confirmation with the mid-range and low-range littoral zones(inundated from 40% to 100% of a tidal cycle),indicating the importance of the areas with these conditions to these *** the ecotope map with recent and proposed land reclamation schemes revealed a loss of ecotopes,composed of the high-range(42%),mid-range(48%),and low-range(38%) littoral habitats,corresponding to a 44%-45% loss of the most important ecotopes for bar-tailed godwit and great knot(mid-range and low-range littoral zones).These results confirm the applicability of the novel ecotope assessment approach in practice.

关键词： Mapping Ecotope Ecotope map Intertidal mudflats Migratory shorebirds Reclamation Tongzhou bay Jiangsu coast

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Seasonal Variation of Environmental Variables and Phytoplankton Community Structure and Their Relationship in Liaodong bay of Bohai Sea,China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第4期17卷 864-878页

作者： YANG Guojun WU Zhongxin SONG Lun LU Xiaoqian College of Fisheries and Life Science Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China Center for Marine Ranching Engineering Science Research of Liaoning Province Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China College of Marine Science and Environment Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute Dalian 116023China

In this paper, systematic studies on the changes in concentrations of the environmental factors and the net-phytoplankton community, and the relationship between them in the Liaodong bay, Bohai Sea during 2013 are presented. The PCA results showed that higher levels of nutrients and dissolved heavy metals in the river-estuary-bay system were closely related to the river runoff. Since the influences of industrial and anthropogenic activities, the Liaodong bay coastal areas are facing a huge environmental challenge of nutrients and heavy metal pollution. Net-phytoplankton community structure showed obvious seasonal succession, among which the dominant and(or) key species were the main factors affecting community structure change and stability. Under certain environmental conditions, the dominant species and(or) key species dominated the phytoplankton community structure succession. The Bio-ENV results suggested that the seawater temperature, nutrient, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd in Liaodong bay are important environmental variables that affect the phytoplankton community structure. Anthropogenic activities have significantly contributed to the changes in concentrations of environmental factors and the net-phytoplankton community structure and stability, and the relationship between them.

关键词： Liaodong bay environmental variables eutrophication trace metals phytoplankton community ecological stability

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Three Decades of Sea-Ice Variability in Jiaozhou bay Revealed by Landsat Observations

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第2期18卷 349-357页

作者： HUANG Jue GUO Lianjie JIANG Tao ZHU Hongchun College of Geomatics Shandong University of Science and Technology

In this study, we used Landsat images and meteorological data to examine the spatiotemporal distribution and variability of sea ice in Jiaozhou bay(JZB) between 1986 and 2016. The results show that JZB is not always covered by sea ice in winter, but in some extreme cases, sea ice has covered more than one-third of the sea area of the bay. Sea ice in JZB has generally formed between January 1 and February 5, primarily along the coast, and gradually expanding to the central area of the bay. Both meteorological and artificial factors have played important roles in modulating the sea ice distribution. We found sea ice coverage to have been strongly correlated with the accumulated freezing-degree days nine days before the occurrence of sea ice(R2 = 0.767). North-northwest surface winds have dominated the freezing period of sea water in the JZB, and wind speed has exerted a more significant influence on the formation of sea ice when the sea ice coverage has been generally small. Additionally, artificial factors began to affect the expansion of sea ice in JZB since 2007. The construction of the Jiao-Zhou-bay Bridge(JZBB) is believed to have retarded water flow and reduced the tidal prism, thereby leading to the formation of an ice bridge along the JZBB, which effectively prevents the southward expansion of sea ice.

关键词： sea ice Jiaozhou bay remote sensing Landsat

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Investigation of wave characteristics in a semi-enclosed bay based on SWAN model validated with buoys and ADP-observed currents

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第2期37卷 434-447页

作者： LU Jing TENG Yong CHI Wanqing YIN Liping WANG Daolong First Institute of Oceanography MNR Qingdao 266061 China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237 China

In this study, the simulating waves nearshore (SWAN) model with a locally refined curvilinear grid system was constructed to simulate waves in Jervis bay and the neighbouring ocean of Australia, with the aim of examining the wave characteristics in an area with special topography and practical importance. This model was verified by field observations from buoys and acoustic Doppler profilers (ADPs). The model precisions were validated for both wind-generated waves and open-ocean swells. We present an approach with which to convert ADP-observed current data from near the bottom into the significant wave height. Our approach is deduced from the Fourier transform technique and the linear wave theory. The results illustrate that the location of the bay entrance is important because it allows the swells in the dominant direction to propagate into the bay despite the narrowness of the bay entrance. The wave period T p is also strongly related to the wave direction in the semi-enclosed bay. The Tp is great enough along the entire propagating direction from the bay entrance to the top of the bay, and the largest Tp appears along the north-west coast, which is the end tip of the swells’ propagation.

关键词： wave simulating waves nearshore (SWAN) acoustic Doppler profilers (ADPs) buoy swell semi-enclosed bay

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Influence of the impounding process of the Three Gorges Reservoir up to water level 172.5m on water eutrophication in the Xiangxi bay

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第4期53卷 1114-1125页

作者： YANG ZhengJian1,LIU DeFu1,JI DaoBin1,2 & XIAO ShangBin1,3 1 College of Civil & Hydroelectric Engineering,China Three Gorges University,Yichang 443002,China 2 School of Water Resources & Hydropower Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China 3 Institute of Earth Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710075,China College of Civil & Hydroelectric Engineering China Three Gorges University School of Water Resources & Hydropower Engineering Wuhan University

The water level of the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) rose to 172.5 m in two stages from September to November,*** hydrodynamic parameters and water quality parameters(*** velocity,temperature,turbidity and nutrient content) had been continuously monitored to reveal the influence of the impounding process of the TGR on the water eutrophication in the Xiangxi bay(XXB).The maximal daily rise of the water level of the TGR was about 2.38 *** water exchange between the mainstream(the Changjiang River) and the XXB of the TGR was enhanced by density current,and its main characteristics were a density-stratified flow in different *** water exchange reduced the differences of the water quality parameters(for example,temperature,turbidity,nutrient level,pH,etc.) between the mainstream and the XXB during the impounding ***,the water stability index in the mainstream remained small but it was lowered in the *** main causes included the dilution by water of lower concentration of the chlorophyll a(Chl.a) entering from the mainstream,the decline of the water stability,and the increase of suspended silt,which induced the Chl.a to decrease in the XXB during the impounding *** grade of the water eutrophication changed from middle eutrophic level to mesotrophic state in the ***,as available nutrients were imported into the XXB from the mainstream during the impounding process the risk of water eutrophication increases in the XXB in the future.

关键词： impounding density current eutrophication the Xiangxi bay the Three Gorges Reservoir

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Influence of Spatial-Temporal and Environmental Factors on Larimichthys polyactis, Octopus variabilis, and Species Aggregated Set-Net CPUEs in Haizhou bay, China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第4期17卷 973-982页

作者： TANG Yanli MA Shuyang LIU Changdong WANG Xinmeng CHENG Shasha Fisheries Technology Laboratory College of Fisheries Ocean University of China

Set-nets are common alongshore fishing gear used in Haizhou bay, which rely on flow to catch fish. The catch per unit effort(CPUE) of set-net is affected by spatial-temporal and environmental factors but no research has been conducted on this subject. In this study, we used generalized additive models(GAMs) to explore the influence of spatial-temporal and environmental factors on CPUEs of species aggregated, small yellow croaker(Larimichthys polyactis), and octopus(Octopus variabilis) based on logbooks investigations conducted at 4 stations in an alongshore area of Haizhou bay from 2011 to 2012. The results showed that all CPUEs exhibited significant spatial-temporal differences at various scales. Aggregated CPUE was high when the sea surface temperature(SST) was 15-18℃ and 20-23℃, which was mainly determined by life history traits of the octopus and small yellow croaker(optimal SSTs 14-17℃ and 19-24℃, respectively). Chlorophyll-a concentration had significant influences on the aggregated, small yellow croaker and octopus CPUEs at optimal ranges of 3.8-6.2 mg m^(-3), 4.2-4.8 mg m^(-3) and 4.5-5.5 mg m^(-3), respectively. Flow through the net had positive relationships with CPUEs. The approximate logarithmic trends in regression curves had a critical point of 2.5 Mm^3 d^(-1), which was the dividing point that differentiated whether the major factor affecting CPUEs was the flow velocity or the fishery resource. Our results from this study will help guide fishery production and improve catch rate of set-net fishing in Haizhou bay.

关键词： spatial-temporal environmental factors set-net small yellow croaker octopus generalized additive models Haizhou bay

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Organic Carbon in the Surface Sediments from the Intensive Mariculture Zone of Sanggou bay: Distribution, Seasonal Variations and Sources

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2019年第4期18卷 985-996页

作者： SUI Juanjuan ZHANG Jihong REN S. Jeffrey LIN Fan Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Qingdao 266071 China Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237 China Function Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237 China

Mariculture has rapidly grown worldwide, which might greatly influence the biogeochemical cycle of organic carbon in coastal seas. In this study, several geochemical parameters, including grain size composition, sedimentary total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic compositions, were analyzed for surface sediments collected from different mariculture zones of Sanggou bay and in different seasons. We investigated the composition and distribution of or- ganic matter in surface sediments and further evaluated the contribution of mariculture activities to TOC sources. The TOC and TN contents (mass percentage) in the bay were in the range of 0.14% to 1.45% and 0.03% to 0.20%, respectively. The spatial distribution indicated that sedimentary TOC and TN contents in shellfish monoculture and shellfish-kelp polyculture zones were higher than in other mariculture zones, which might be related to grain size composition and mariculture organisms. Seasonal variations of TOC contents were observed in different mariculture zones. The TOC/TN atomic ratio (C/N),δ13C and δ15N were in the ranges of 5.97 to 10.97, 21.76‰ to 13.14‰ and 2.13‰ to 8.08‰, respectively, implying that sedimentary organic matter in Sanggou bay was the mixture of marine phytoplankton, terrestrial and maricultural sources. A simple mixing model based on δ13C was applied and the results indicated that the relative contributions of organic carbon sources in Sanggou bay followed the order kelp (36.6%) marine phytoplankton (28.7%) shellfish bio-deposition (23.8%) terrestrial input (10.9%). Surface sediments in Sanggou bay were domi- nated by mariculture-derived organic carbon, which on average accounted for 60.4% of TOC.

关键词： sediment organic carbon sources mariculture Sanggou bay Iso-Source

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Coastal sea level variability in the Bohai bay: influence of atmospheric forcing and prediction

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第2期37卷 486-497页

作者： Lü Xianqing WANG Daosheng YAN Bing YANG Hua Key Laboratory of Engineering Sediment of the Ministry of Transport / National Engineering Laboratory for Port Hydraulic Construction Technology Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering M.O.T. Tianjin 300456 China Physical Oceanography Laboratory/CIMST Ocean University of China and Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266100 China College of Marine Science and Technology China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China Shenzhen Research Institute China University of Geosciences Shenzhen 518057 China

The sea level variabilities, especially the atmosphere-driven sea level variabilities, which are diff erent in studies on diverse areas and timescales, need to be further documented in the Bohai bay. Coastal sea level data and coincident meteorological data collected hourly at two observation stations (E1 and E2) in the Bohai bay, which is a typical semi-enclosed coastal sea in China, are analyzed for the period from 19 August 2014 to 18 November 2014. The sub-sampled low-pass (<0.8 cpd) sea levels (SLSLs) at E1 and E2 are almost the same as each other, while the winds are not. On the whole, SLSLs at E1 and E2 are dominantly influenced by the across-shore wind;in detail, the dominant wind orientation at E1 is 65° measured clockwise from north, and SLSL at E2 is significantly influenced by the sub-sampled wind (SW) at 55°. Regression of SLSL onto the corresponding SW in dominant orientation and the atmospheric pressure is used to predict SLSL, which make the frequency of occurrences when the predicted total sea level is within 0.15 m from the observed values increase to 66.03% and 58.08% at E1 and E2 from original 36.71% and 34.80% without using it, respectively. The results indicate that for the prediction of the total sea level variability in the coastal shallow waters, the SLSL influenced by the atmospheric forcing, including local wind and atmospheric pressure, can be predicted using the multivariable linear regression model.

关键词： coastal sea level atmospheric forcing Bohai bay prediction

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Spatio-temporal Change and Carrying Capacity Evaluation of Human Coastal Utilization in Liaodong bay,China from 1993 to 2015

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Chinese Geographical Science 2019年第3期29卷 463-473页

作者： XU Jingping LI Fang SUO Anning ZHAO Jianhua SU Xiu National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center

In China, promoting the development of coastal areas has been included in a series of national strategic development *** the same time, many marine environmental problems have been associated with the rapid development of coastal sea use. In order to quantify the impact of human activities on the coast, the characteristics of coastlines and near-shore sea use of Liaodong bay, Northeast China, were first classified using multi-source, remotely sensed imagery using automatic or semi-automatic extraction methods for five periods between 1993 and 2015. Sea use dynamics and coastline dynamics resulting from human activates were analyzed. Results showed a significant trend of continuous growth in sea use and a progressive increase in the total length of artificial coastline, but a noticeable loss of natural coastline during the five periods. Reclaimed land and enclosed areas were the main types of sea use. Most coastal human activities were distributed in the northern part of the bay. In recent years, rapid industrialization and urbanization in China's coastal areas have promoted large-scale land reclamation. Accordingly, the observed coastline changes during each period had a close relationship with coastal development and sea area utilization. Based on marine functional zoning(MFZ), the sea use carrying capacity was evaluated by means of indexes to describe human exploitation of the marine and coastal environments in the bay. This showed that the intensity of coastal utilization in Liaodong bay has increased year-on-year. Sea use carrying capacity reached a ‘critically loaded'state by 2008 and was ‘overloaded' by 2015.

关键词： carrying capacity sea use coastline Liaodong bay remote sensing

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Upper ocean high resolution regional modeling of the Arabian Sea and bay of Bengal

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2019年第5期38卷 32-50页

作者： Dwivedi Suneet Mishra Alok Kumar Srivastava Atul K Banerjee Centre of Atmospheric and Ocean Studies and M N Saha Centre of Space Studies University of Allahabad

In this paper, effort is made to demonstrate the quality of high-resolution regional ocean circulation model in realistically simulating the circulation and variability properties of the northern Indian Ocean(10°S–25°N,45°–100°E) covering the Arabian Sea(AS) and bay of Bengal(BoB). The model run using the open boundary conditions is carried out at 10 km horizontal resolution and highest vertical resolution of 2 m in the upper *** surface and sub-surface structure of hydrographic variables(temperature and salinity) and currents is compared against the observations during 1998–2014(17 years). In particular, the seasonal variability of the sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and surface currents over the model domain is studied. The highresolution model's ability in correct estimation of the spatio-temporal mixed layer depth(MLD) variability of the AS and BoB is also shown. The lowest MLD values are observed during spring(March-April-May) and highest during winter(December-January-February) seasons. The maximum MLD in the AS(BoB) during December to February reaches 150 m (67 m). On the other hand, the minimum MLD in these regions during March-April-May becomes as low as 11–12 m. The influence of wind stress, net heat flux and freshwater flux on the seasonal variability of the MLD is discussed. The physical processes controlling the seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature are investigated by carrying out mixed layer heat budget analysis. It is found that air-sea fluxes play a dominant role in the seasonal evolution of sea surface temperature of the northern Indian Ocean and the contribution of horizontal advection, vertical entrainment and diffusion processes is small. The upper ocean zonal and meridional volume transport across different sections in the AS and BoB is also computed. The seasonal variability of the transports is studied in the context of monsoonal currents.

关键词： Indian Ocean modeling Arabian Sea and bay of Bengal mixed layer depth transport

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