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Driving and Braking Control of PM Synchronous Motor Based on Low-resolution Hall Sensor for battery electric vehicle

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2013年第1期26卷 1-10页

作者： GU Jing OUYANG Minggao LI Jianqiu LU Dongbin FANG Chuan MA Yan State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy Tsinghua University

Resolvers are normally employed for rotor positioning in motors for electric vehicles, but resolvers are expensive and vulnerable to vibrations. Hall sensors have the advantages of low cost and high reliability, but the positioning accuracy is low. Motors with Hall sensors are typically controlled by six-step commutation algorithm, which brings high torque ripple. This paper studies the high-performance driving and braking control of the in-wheel permanent magnetic synchronous motor （PMSM） based on low-resolution Hall sensors. Field oriented control （FOC） based on Hall-effect sensors is developed to reduce the torque ripple. The positioning accuracy of the Hall sensors is improved by interpolation between two consecutive Hall signals using the estimated motor speed. The position error from the misalignment of the Hall sensors is compensated by the precise calibration of Hall transition timing. The braking control algorithms based on six-step commutation and FOC are studied. Two variants of the six-step commutation braking control, namely, half-bridge commutation and full-bridge commutation, are discussed and compared, which shows that the full-bridge commutation could better explore the potential of the back electro-motive forces （EMF）, thus can deliver higher efficiency and smaller current ripple. The FOC braking is analyzed with the phasor diagrams. At a given motor speed, the motor turns from the regenerative braking mode into the plug braking mode if the braking torque exceeds a certain limit, which is proportional to the motor speed. Tests in the dynamometer show that a smooth control could be realized by FOC driving control and the highest efficiency and the smallest current ripple could be achieved by FOC braking control, compared to six-step commutation braking control. Therefore, FOC braking is selected as the braking control algorithm for electric vehicles. The proposed research ensures a good motor control performance while maintaining low cost and high r

关键词： battery electric vehicle field oriented control low-resolution Hall sensor regenerative braking plug braking,six-step commutation braking

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Performance of the Transmission Parking Mechanism of a battery electric vehicle Simulated with Adams Software

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Automotive Innovation 2018年第2期1卷 114-121页

作者： Yuan Dong Yong Chen Chuang Yu Zhan Cao Guangxin Li Zhuoqiang Li Genqun Cui School of Mechanical Engineering Hebei University of TechnologyTianjin 300130China Powertrain Research Institute GeelyHangzhou Bay 315336China

The electric parking mechanism is studied for an electrically controlled two-speed auto transmission that is being developed for electric *** requirements include low-speed safe parking,reliable self-lock and the avoidance of abnormal parking.A dynamic model of the parking mechanism is established and analyzed using Adams ***,failure of the parking mechanism due to wear is observed in bench testing and compared with experimental results after optimization.

关键词： battery electric vehicle Two-speed auto transmission Parking mechanism Safety performance

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Towards Realistic Vibration Testing of Large Floor Batteries for battery electric vehicles (BEV)

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Sound & Vibration 2022年第1期56卷 1-19页

作者： Benedikt Plaumann Faculty of Engineering and Computer Science Department Automotive and Aeronautical EngineeringHamburg University of Applied Sciences(HAW Hamburg)Hamburg20099Germany

This contribution shows an analysis of vibration measurement on large floor-mounted traction batteries of battery electric vehicles(BEV).The focus lies on the requirements for a realistic replication of the mechanical environments in a testing *** the analysis on global bending transfer functions and local corner bending coherence indicate that neither a fully stiff fixation of the battery nor a completely independent movement on the four corners yields a realistic and conservative test *** contribution will further show what implication these findings have on future vibration&shock testing equipment for large traction ***,it will cover an outlook on how vibration behavior of highly integrated approaches(cell2car)changes the mechanical loads on the cells.

关键词： battery electric vehicle BEV shock and vibration vehicle floor bending rechargeable energy storage system RESS

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A comprehensive review on energy storage in hybrid electric vehicle

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第5期8卷 621-637页

作者： Shrey Verma Shubham Mishra Ambar Gaur Subhankar Chowdhury Subhashree Mohapatra Gaurav Dwivedi Puneet Verma Energy Centre Maulana Azad National Institute of TechnologyBhopal 462007India School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane 4001Australia

The sharp inclination in the emissions from conventional vehicles contribute to a significant increase in environmental issues,besides the energy crises and low conversion efficiency leads to the evolution of electric vehicles(EV).Hybrid electric vehicles(HEV) have efficient fuel economy and reduce the overall running cost,but the ultimate goal is to shift completely to the pure electric *** this,the main obstruction of HEV is energy storage *** EV requires high specific power(W/kg) and high specific energy(W$h/kg) to increase the distance travelled and reduce the time required for *** main focus of this paper is on the energy sources as these are the main components in EVs towards making them eco-friendly and *** topologies of EV technology such as HEVs,plug-in HEVs,and many more have been *** topologies of EVs are based on the diverse combination of batteries,fuel cells,super-capacitor,flywheels,regenerative braking systems,which are used as energy sources and energy storage devices.

关键词： electric vehicle Energy storage battery electric vehicle Hybrid electric vehicles

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Cumulant-based correlated probabilistic load flowconsidering photovoltaic generation and electric vehiclecharging demand

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Frontiers in Energy 2017年第2期11卷 184-196页

作者： Nitesh Ganesh BHAT B. Rajanarayan PRUSTY Debashisha JENA Department of electrical and Electronics Engineering National Instituteof Technology Karnataka Surathkal Mangalore 575025 India

This paper applies a cumulant-based analytical method for probabilistic load flow (PLF) assessment in transmission and distribution systems. The uncertainties pertaining to photovoltaic generations and aggregate bus load powers are probabilistically modeled in the case of transmission systems. In the case of distribution systems, the uncertainties pertaining to plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and battery electric vehicle charging demands in residential community as well as charging stations are probabilistically modeled. The probability distributions of the result variables (bus voltages and branch power flows) pertaining to these inputs are accurately established. The multiple input correlation cases are incorporated. Simultaneously, the performance of the proposed method is demonstrated on a modified Ward-Hale 6-bus system and an IEEE 14-bus transmission system as well as on a modified IEEE 69-bus radial and an IEEE 33-bus mesh distribution system. The results of the proposed method are compared with that of Monte-Carlo simulation.

关键词： battery electric vehicle extended cumulant method photovoltaic generation plug-in hybrid electric vehicle probabilistic load flow

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Design of a Hydraulic Control Unit for a Two-Speed Dedicated electric vehicle Transmission

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Automotive Innovation 2018年第4期1卷 300-310页

作者： Xiangyang Xu Wenbo Sun Tianyuan Cai Yanfang Liu Xiao Han School of Transportation Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Beijing Key Laboratory for High-efficient Power Transmission and System Control of New Energy Resource vehicle Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Two-speed automatic transmission is one solution to increase the economic efficiency and dynamic performance of battery electric vehicles(BEV).Hydraulic control unit(HCU)is a key component in automatic transmissions,which determines the quality of shifting *** on the structural scheme and shift logic of a two-speed dedicated electric vehicles transmission(2DET)with two wet clutches,we designs a 2DET hydraulic control unit composed of three subsystems:pressure regulating and flow control system,shift operated and control system and cooling and lubrication *** results of the experiments,including the valve body bench test,transmission bench test and vehicle test,show that the design of hydraulic control unit meets the requirements.

关键词： battery electric vehicle Automatic transmission Hydraulic control unit Dynamic simulation

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Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis for Usage Based Optimization of Powertrains

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Engineering（科研） 2016年第6期8卷 320-331页

作者： Tobias Hellberg Martin Meywerk Institute of Automotive and Powertrain Engineering Helmut Schmidt University Hamburg Germany

The electrification of powertrains leads to an increasing diversification of powertrain configurations. Each single configuration has its specific advantages which appear depending on the usage profile. To find the usage based optimal powertrain in consideration of a variety of evaluation criteria, the powertrains have to be optimized for the usage profile and characteristics have to be extracted from the usage profile. The carbon dioxide emissions of the optimized powertrains and usage based criteria are used in a multi-criteria decision analysis to determine the optimal powertrain for a specific usage profile. The description of characteristic maps forms the objective function of a minimization problem. The determined carbon dioxide emissions are one criterion in a multi-criteria decision process. All considered criteria are at least partly objective so that subjective ratings are eliminated as far as possible. The result is an optimized powertrain for a desired usage under the consideration of objective criteria that are extracted from the usage profile.

关键词： Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Analytic Hierarchy Process Powertrain Hybrid electric vehicle battery electric vehicle Optimization

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