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Assessment of the Energy Conversion on the Thermal Balance and atmospheric emissions in Ceramic Tile Product Industry in Tunisia: A Case Study

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atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2020年第4期10卷 421-442页

作者： Imed Ben Salah Moufida Ben M’barek Jemaï Aycer Ben Saad Safa Mezza Department of Geology University of Sciences of Bizerte University of Carthage Tunis Tunisia

This work aims to assess the effect of energy conversion (Thermal oil, Natural gas and cogeneration system) on atmospheric emission and energy consumption in ceramic tile product sector in Tunisia. Two tile manufactures were selected. The first plant has two production lines: The first line (FF1) operates with thermal oil with a lower calorific value (LHV) of 9811 cal/g and the second line (FG1) operating with natural gas has a lower calorific value (HHV) of 10,520 cal/g, ensuring a daily output of 300 tons each one. The second manufacture (SC2) operates with natural gas with the same LHV value. The thermal oil energy balance showed a specific consumption of 0.0481 toe/ton tile product for the FF1 manufacture line, 0.0198 toe/ton of tile product for the FG1 manufacture line and 0.0143 toe/ton of tile product for the SC2 manufactory. The electrical energy consumption was 0.0121 toe/ton of tile product for the FF1 line, 0.0108 toe/ton of tile product for the FG1 line and a production of energy (exergy) of 0.014 toe/ton for the SC2 production line. The specific consumption was split into 40% for dryer and 60% for tunnel kilns. The conversion allow to record a dryer reduction rate of 80% for nitrogen oxides (NOx), 56% for sulfur oxides (SOx), 56% for fluorinated compounds, 52% for chlorinated compounds and 52% for volatile organic compound. Whereas, the kiln reduction rate was 36% for nitrogen oxides, 51% for sulfur oxides, 36% for chlorinated compounds and 55% for fluorinated and 50% for volatile organic compounds (VCOs). Compared to natural gas line, the use of cogeneration system in kiln process shows a decrease of 67% for NOx emissions, 80% for SOx emissions, 89% for fluorinated compounds, 58% for chlorinated emissions and 64% for volatiles organic compounds. Compared to thermal oil, the use of cogeneration system reduces the thermal energy consumption by 70% and allowed to save 30% of electric energy by generate 20% of needed electric energy. The specific atmospher

关键词： Ceramic Energy Conversion Cogeneration Energy Balance atmospheric emissions

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Partitioning of rare earth elements and yttrium(REY)in five coal-fired power plants in Guizhou,Southwest China

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第11期38卷 1257-1264,I0005页

作者： Zhonggen Li Xinyu Li Leiming Zhang Shan Li Ji Chen Xinbin Feng Dongbo Zhao Qingfeng Wang Zhixi Gao Bailian Xiong College of Resources and Environment Zunyi Normal UniversityZunyi 563006China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Air Quality Research Division Science and Technology BranchEnvironment and Climate Change CanadaTorontoM3H 5T4Canada College of Chemical Engineering Huaqiao UniversityXiamen 361021China

As indispensable strategic materials for high-tech industries,rare earth elements and yttrium(REY)have become particularly important in recent years,raising the demand of developing new approaches for reclamation of REY from REY-rich materials such as coal combustion products(CCPs).In this study,five coal-fired power plants(CFPPs)in Guizhou of southwest China were selected for investigating REY concentrations of solid samples,atmospheric emissions,and recovery *** concentrations of feed fuels are higher in this study(147.2-468.6 mg/kg)than what have been reported previously for coals in China and the *** atmospheric emissions are extremely low(38.70-180.11 mg REY/t coal).REY are enriched in bottom ash and fly ash,with average of 658±296 mg/kg and maximum of 1257 mg/kg from the five *** enrichment factors(REF)of REY in bottom ash and fly ash compared with the feed fuel are 0.86-1.02 and 0.91-1.04,*** concentrations in desulfurized gypsum are very low(6-17 mg/kg),and that is mostly inherited from *** REY(Nd,Eu,Tb,Dy,Y,and Er)in bottom/fly ash account for 34%-39%of the total REY and the outlook coefficients(Cout1)are in the range of *** study indicates a promising prospect to reclaim REY from REYrich CCPs(bottom and fly ash)in CFPPs in Guizhou,especially in the central-north Guizhou,although such practices require further technology advancement.

关键词： REY Bottom ash Fly ash atmospheric emissions Reclamation Rare earths

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The presence and partitioning behavior of flame retardants in waste,leachate,and air particles from Norwegian waste-handling facilities

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第12期29卷 115-132页

作者： Nicolas A.O.Morin Patrik L.Andersson Sarah E.Hale Hans Peter H.Arp Norwegian Geotechnical Institute(NGI) P.O.Box 3930Ulleval StadionN-0806 OsloNorway Environmental and Food Laboratory of Vendee(LEA V) Department of ChemistryRond-point Georges Dural CS 8080285021 La Roche-sur-YonFrance Chemistry Department Umed UniversitySE-901 87 UmeaSweden

Flame retardants in commercial products eventually make their way into the waste *** the presence of flame retardants in Norwegian landfills, incineration facilities and recycling sorting/defragmenting facilities is investigated. These facilities handled waste electrical and electronic equipment（WEEE）, vehicles, digestate, glass, combustibles, bottom ash and fly ash. The flame retardants considered included polybrominated diphenyl ethers（∑BDE-10） as well as dechlorane plus, polybrominated biphenyls, hexabromobenzene,pentabromotoluene and pentabromoethylbenzene（collectively referred to as ∑FR-7）. Plastic,WEEE and vehicles contained the largest amount of flame retardants（∑BDE-10： 45,000–210,000 μg/kg; ∑FR-7： 300–13,000 μg/kg）. It was hypothesized leachate and air concentrations from facilities that sort/defragment WEEE and vehicles would be the highest. This was supported for total air phase concentrations（∑BDE-10： 9000–195,000 pg/m^3 WEEE/vehicle facilities, 80–900 pg/m^3 in incineration/sorting and landfill sites）, but not for water leachate concentrations（e.g., ∑BDE-10： 15–3500 ng/L in WEEE/Vehicle facilities and 1–250 ng/L in landfill sites）. Landfill leachate exhibited similar concentrations as WEEE/vehicle sorting and defragmenting facility leachate. To better account for concentrations in leachates at the different facilities, waste-water partitioning coefficients, Kwastewere measured（for the first time to our knowledge for flame retardants）. WEEE and plastic waste had elevated Kwastecompared to other wastes, likely because flame retardants are directly added to these materials. The results of this study have implications for the development of strategies to reduce exposure and environmental emissions of flame retardants in waste and recycled products through improved waste management practices.

关键词： Brominated flame retardants Waste management Environmental emissions atmospheric emissions Partitioning Leachate

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atmospheric Emission Sources in the Po-Basin from the LIFE-IP PREPAIR Project

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2022年第3期11卷 70-83页

作者： Alessandro Marongiu Elisabetta Angelino Marco Moretti Giulia Malvestiti Giuseppe Fossati Environmental Protection Agency of Lombardia Region Air Quality Modeling and Inventory Unit Monitoring Sector ARPA Milano Italy

This paper presents the focus on emission estimates in the Italian Regions of the Po-basin obtained by the development of a common air pollutant emission dataset on the Po-basin and Slovenia foreseen in the project LIFE PREPAIR (https://***/). The objective is to update emission inventories developed by the environmental protection agencies and regions of Lombardy, Emilia-Romagna, Piedmont, Veneto, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Valle d’Aosta, the province of Bolzano (participating as stakeholder) and the province of Trento. A data flux is defined considering the activities on emission estimates by the different administrations according to the current Italian legislation. This activity has allowed the completion of two different datasets on the area for 2013 and 2017. The estimates of primary emissions of the main atmospheric pollutants have a high spatial resolution defined at the municipal level. The non-industrial combustion of biomass in small domestic appliances is the main source of primary PM10 in the Po-basin. NOx primary emissions are determined for quite of a half by road transport. Manure management and fertilization in the agriculture sector are the sources of NH3. The ensemble of the collected data shows a very good comparability even if all local compilers perform independently the estimates, thanks to a good alignment in using reference methodologies and to projects of common methodological development, as reported by the INEMAR project (https://***/). The estimates of PM10, NOx and NH3 are comparable with data reported by the European Environment Agency EEA for the European Member States EU-28 (until 1 February 2020) and for Italy, reported under the UNECE Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution and European Union National Emission Ceiling Directive.

关键词： atmospheric emissions Po Valley Emission Inventories

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