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An analysis of vehicular exhaust derived nanoparticles and historical Belgium fortress building interfaces

Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第6期11卷 2053-2060页

作者： Luis F.O.Silva Diana Pinto Alcindo Neckel Marcos L.S.Oliveira Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering.Universidad de La Costa CUCCalle 58#55-66BarranquillaAtlanticoColombia Faculdade Meridional IMED 304-Passo FundoRS 99070-220Brazil University of Antwerp Prinsstraat 132000AntwerpBelgium

Air pollution monitoring is one of the most important features in contamination risk *** is because many of the compounds contained within air pollution present a serious risk both for the preservation of open air cultural heritage and for human *** particle formation is a major contributor to urban pollution,but how it occurs in cities is often *** more and more people enjoy an increased quality of life through outdoor activity,managing outdoor air quality is *** study presents the application of a low-cost system for monitoring the current level of road traffic passengers’exposure to particulate air *** global rise in tourism also leads to apprehension about its probable destructive influence on various aspects of global *** of the major risks encountered by tourists,stemming from modes of transport,are nanoparticles(NPs)(atmospheric contamination caused by NPs and UFPs,without the need of other commonly employed more expensive particulate focused active samplers such as cascade *** study aims to assess the result of the utilization of a low-cost,LSPS,to determine outdoor NPs and UFPs in a Belgian urban(Steen Castle)and rural area(Fort van Schoten).This work is the first to detail the usefulness of LSPS for the evaluation of Belgium’s outdoor air for NPs and UFPs,which contain PHEs.

关键词： atmospheric contamination Historic construction Carbonaceous particles Source investigation Vehicular traffic effects

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Use of geospatial tools to predict the risk of contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in urban cemeteries

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 331-346页

作者： Paloma Carollo Toscan Alcindo Neckel Laércio Stolfo Maculan Cleiton Korcelski Marcos L.SOliveira Eliane Thaines Bodah Brian William Bodah Henrique Aniceto Kujawa Affonso Celso Gonalves Faculdade Meridional IMED304Passo FundoRS 99070-220Brazil Department of Civil and Environmental Universidad de la CostaCUCCalle 58#55–66BarranquillaAtlánticoColombia Universidad de Lima Departamento de Ingeniería civil y ArquitecturaAvenida Javier Prado Este 4600Santiago de Surco 1503Peru State University of New York Onondaga Community College4585 West SenecaTurnpikeSyracuseNY 13215USA Thaines and Bodah Center for Education and Development 840 South Meadowlark LaneOthelloWA 99344USA University of Perugia Piazza Università106123 PerugiaItaly State University of Western Paraná–UNIOESTE Center of Agrarian SciencesRua Pernambuco1777CentroMarechal Cândido RondonPR 85960-000Brazil

Urban cemeteries are increasingly surrounded by areas of high residential density as urbanization continues world-wide. With increasing rates of mortality caused by the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2,urban vertical cemeteries are experiencing interments at an unprecedented rate. Corpses interred in the 3rd to 5th layer of vertical urban cemeteries have the potential to contaminate large adjacent *** general objective of this manuscript is to analyze the reflectance of altimetry, normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) and land surface temperature(LST) in the urban cemeteries and neighbouring areas of the City of Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is assumed that the population residing in the vicinity of these cemeteries may be exposed to SARS-CoV-2 contamination through the displacement of microparticles carried by the wind as a corpse is placed in the burial niche or during the first several days of subsequent fluid and gas release through the process of decomposition. The reflectance analyses were performed utilizing Landsat 8 satellite images applied to altimetry, NDVI and LST, for hypothetical examination of possible displacement, transport and subsequent deposition of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The results showed that two cemeteries within the city, cemeteries A and B could potentially transport SARS-CoV-2 of nanometric structure to neighboring residential areas through wind *** two cemeteries are located at high relative altitudes in more densely populated regions of the *** NDVI, which has been shown to control the proliferation of contaminants, proved to be insufficient in these areas, contributing to high LST values. Based on the results of this study, the formation and implementation of public policies that monitor urban cemeteries is suggested in areas that utilize vertical urban cemeteries in order to reduce the further spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.

关键词： Remote sensing Reflectance temperature atmospheric contamination Urban environment SARS-CoV-2

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Studying Air Pollution with Kitt Peak Solar Flux Atlas—Analysis Method and Results of Observation

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Advances in atmospheric Sciences 2000年第3期17卷 363-374页

作者： Jianguo Niu Hiroaki Kuze and Nobuo Takeuchi(Center for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba-shi Inage-ku, 263-8522, Japan)(E-mail : niujian＠ceres. cr. chiba-u. ac.jp)(http.//arbs8. larc, nasa,gov/sage3/objectives/dataprods.html) Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University Chiba-shi Inage-ku Japan

For the measurement of atmospheric NO2 vertical column density (VCD), Kitt Peak Solar Flux Atlas can be substituted as an extraterrestrial solar radiation. Compared with differential analysis method, the Taylor expansion of integrated transfer equation underestimates the VCD. This underestimation is as large as 35% when the amount of NO2 is 1 × 1017 cm?2 and observation is conducted with an air mass factor of 10. Even when the VCD is 2 × 1016 cm?2 and the air mass factor is 4, the relative error of the retrieved VCD is still no less than 3%. If the observation is restricted under the small air mass factor condition (≤ 4), with Kitt Peak Solar spectrum as an extraterrestrial solar radiation, only an atmospheric layer of 2 km thick from ground can be studied, which will make the absorption too weak to be detected by normal instruments. The VCD in winter Tokyo area was observed and analyzed by differential method, which shows a good precision even when the absorption is as low as 3%. The largest average VCD was about 1.3 × 1017 cm-2, and the lowest was about 1.3 × 1016 cm?2. The trend of its variation was almost the same as the ground level observation by Saltzman reagent method. Key words Vertical column density (VCD) - Extraterrestrial solar radiation - NO2 - atmospheric contamination

关键词： Vertical column density (VCD) Extraterrestrial solar radiation NO2 atmospheric contamination

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Perfluorooctane Sulfonate(PFOS)and Perfluorooctanoic Acid(PFOA)in Precipitation in Dalian,China

Perfluorooctane Sulfonate(PFOS)and Perfluorooctanoic Acid(PF...

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2007中国科协年会

作者： Norimitsu Saito Kazuaki Sasaki Research Institute for Environmental Sciences and Public Health of Iwate Prefecture Morioka Iwate 020-0852 Japan

The concentration of perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS)and perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA)in precipitation collected at both urban and suburban areas of Dalian city in China were analyzed with the purpose to investigate the atmospheric contamination by these chemicals in *** and PFOA were ubiquitous in all the precipitation samples,indicating the extensive pollution by these compounds in the atmosphere in Dalian. In the samples collected on 2006-12-16,the geometric mean value(GM)of PFOS concentration and PFOA concentration were 154.08 ng/L and 21.84 ng/L,*** of PFOS and PFOA in the precipitation in Dalian was much higher than that in Shenyang,an inland city in *** precipitations contained PFOS and PFOA at nearly the same order of *** results in this study offer an indication that wet deposition must be considered as a source of PFCs to the ground environment.

关键词： atmospheric contamination Perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS) Perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) Precipitation

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