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Effects of dimethyl sulfoxide on asymmetric division and cytokinesis in mouse oocytes

中国民康医学 2015年第14期 163-163页

作者： Shen Xinghui Zhou Dongjie Gu Yanli Zhang Na Li Tong Wu Xi Lei Lei Department of Histology and Embryology Harbin Medical University

Objective:To observe the effect of DMSO on mouse oocyte meiotic ***:In DMSO-treated oocytes,we observed abnormal MII oocytes that contained large polar bodies,including 2-celllike MII oocytes,during in vitro *** polarization did not occur,due to the absence of actin cap formation and spindle *** features are among the primary causes of abnormal symmetric division;however,analysis of the mRNA expression levels of genes related to asymmetric division revealed no significant difference in the expression of these factors between the 3%DMSO-treated group and the control *** each"blastomere"of the 2-cell-like MII stage oocytes was injected by one sperm head respectively,the oocytes still possessed the ability to extrude the second polar body from each"blastomere"and to begin ***,MII oocytes with large polar bodies developed to the blastocyst stage after intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI).Furthermore,other permeable cryoprotectants,such as ethylene glycol and glycerol,also caused asymmetric division ***:Permeable cryoprotectants,such as DMSO,ethylene glycol,and glycerol,affect asymmetric *** disrupts cytokinesis completion by inhibiting cortical reorganization and *** that undergo symmetric division maintain the ability to begin cleavage after ICSI.

关键词： Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) asymmetric division Actin cap Spindle migration Oocyte maturation

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In vivo imaging reveals mature Oligodendrocyte division in adult Zebrafish

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Cell Regeneration 2021年第1期10卷 188-200页

作者： Suqi Zou Bing Hu Institute of Life Science Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330031P.R.China School of Life Sciences Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330031P.R.China Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230026P.R.China

Whether mature oligodendrocytes(mOLs)participate in remyelination has been disputed for several ***,some studies have shown that mOLs participate in remyelination by producing new ***,whether mOLs can produce new oligodendrocytes by asymmetric division has not been *** is a perfect model to research remyelination compared to other *** this study,optic nerve crushing did not induce local mOLs *** optic nerve transplantation from olig2:eGFP fish to AB/WT fish,olig2^(+)cells from the donor settled and rewrapped axons in the *** identifying these rewrapping olig2^(+)cells as mOLs at 3 months posttransplantation,in vivo imaging showed that olig2^(+)cells ***,in vivo imaging of new olig2^(+)cell division from mOLs was also captured within the ***,fine visual function was renewed after the remyelination program was *** conclusion,our in vivo imaging results showed that new olig2^(+)cells were born from mOLs by asymmetric division in adult zebrafish,which highlights the role of mOLs in the progression of remyelination in the mammalian CNS.

关键词： Remyelination Mature oligodendrocyte Zebrafish In vivo imaging asymmetric division

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Liquid-liquid phase separation in biology: mechanisms,physiological functions and human diseases

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2020年第7期63卷 953-985页

作者： Hong Zhang Xiong Ji Pilong Li Cong Liu Jizhong Lou Zheng Wang Wenyu Wen Yue Xiao Mingjie Zhang Xueliang Zhu National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules CAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Ministry of Education School of Life SciencesPeking-Tsinghua Center for Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological StructureTsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China Key Laboratory of RNA Biology CAS Center for Excellence in BiomacromoleculesInstitute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institutes of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Basic Medical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China division of Life Science State Key Laboratory of Molecular NeuroscienceHong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina

Cells are compartmentalized by numerous membrane-enclosed organelles and membraneless compartments to ensure that a wide variety of cellular activities occur in a spatially and temporally controlled manner. The molecular mechanisms underlying the dynamics of membrane-bound organelles, such as their fusion and fission, vesicle-mediated trafficking and membrane contactmediated inter-organelle interactions, have been extensively characterized. However, the molecular details of the assembly and functions of membraneless compartments remain elusive. Mounting evidence has emerged recently that a large number of membraneless compartments, collectively called biomacromolecular condensates, are assembled via liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS). Phase-separated condensates participate in various biological activities, including higher-order chromatin organization,gene expression, triage of misfolded or unwanted proteins for autophagic degradation, assembly of signaling clusters and actin-and microtubule-based cytoskeletal networks, asymmetric segregations of cell fate determinants and formation of pre-and post-synaptic density signaling assemblies. Biomacromolecular condensates can transition into different material states such as gel-like structures and solid aggregates. The material properties of condensates are crucial for fulfilment of their distinct functions, such as biochemical reaction centers, signaling hubs and supporting architectures. Cells have evolved multiple mechanisms to ensure that biomacromolecular condensates are assembled and disassembled in a tightly controlled manner. Aberrant phase separation and transition are causatively associated with a variety of human diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. This review summarizes recent major progress in elucidating the roles of LLPS in various biological pathways and diseases.

关键词： phase separation phase transition transcription asymmetric division postsynaptic density autophagy

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Regulation of muscle stem cell fate

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Cell Regeneration 2022年第1期11卷 413-425页

作者： Xin Fu Cheng-le Zhuang Ping Hu Spine Center Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Colorectal Cancer Center/Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji UniversityShanghai 200072China Guangzhou Laboratory Guanghzou International Bio LslandNo.9 XingDaoHuan RoadGuangzhou 510005China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Skeletal muscle plays a critical role in human *** stem cells(MuSCs)serve as the major cell type contribut-ing to muscle regeneration by directly differentiating to mature muscle *** usually remain quiescent with occasionally self-renewal and are activated to enter cell cycle for proliferation followed by differentiation upon muscle injury or under pathological *** quiescence maintenance,activation,proliferation,and differentiation of MuSCs are tightly *** MuSC cell-intrinsic regulatory network and the microenvironments work coordi-nately to orchestrate the fate transition of *** heterogeneity of MuSCs further complicates the regulation of *** review briefly summarizes the current progress on the heterogeneity of MuSCs and the microenviron-ments,epigenetic,and transcription regulations of MuSCs.

关键词： Muscle stem cells Skeletal muscle regeneration asymmetric division MuSC heterogeneity Microenvironments Transcription regulation

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Establishing cell polarity by the Lgl family proteins

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Frontiers in Biology 2010年第2期5卷 116-122页

作者： Zhangchun HE Lijuan ZHANG Puyue WANG College of Life Sciences Nankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

The lethal giant larvae(lgl)gene was first identified more than 30 years ago in Drosophila and characterized as a tumor suppressor *** in budding yeast,flies and mammals all indicate that the evolutionarily conserved Lgl family proteins play an important role in cell ***7/77,the yeast Lgl homologues,are important for the establishment and reinforcement of cell polarity through their localized interaction and kinetic activation of the post-Golgi secretion *** for higher eukaryotes,both in epithelial polarity and asymmetric cell division,the role of Lgl protein is deployed by localizing proteins to the membrane in a polarized *** addition,Lgl is transiently required during the establishment phase of polarity,implicating that Lgl functions at strategic time points for proliferation *** in cancer biology provide direct connections between malfunction of Lgl and formation,progression and metastasis of various ***,we review recent advances in the field,focusing on the function of the Lgl family in cellular polarization.

关键词： asymmetric division epithelial polarity Lgl(2) tumor suppressor

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Phase separation in cell polarization

Phase separation in cell polarization

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2021年全国生物相分离和相变学术研讨会

作者： Wenyu Wen Institutes of Biomedical Sciences Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan University

Uneven distribution and local concentration of protein complexes on specific membrane domains is a fundamental property of cell *** the asymmetric division of Drosophila neuroblasts,the conserved Par3/Par6/aPKC complex and cell fate determinants（***） are localized on the apical and basal cortex,respectively,to set up the apical-basal polarity,and then are unequally segregated into two daughter cells to achieve distinct *** have discovered that through multivalent interactions,both Par3/Par6/aPKC complex and Numb undergo liquid-liquid phase separation（LLPS） both in vitro and in vivo,Perturbation of LLPS of these proteins impair their polarized localization and lead to defects of neuronal *** further identified a new regulator of Par3, which promotes LLPS of Par3 and its recruitment of Numb at the apical junctions of mouse radial glia,thus modulating the attachment and multipotency of radial glial cells in the developing neocortex via the Par3-Numb-Notch *** propose that LLPS may be a common and conserved mechanism for the establishment of cell polarity.

关键词： cell polarity liquid-liquid phase separation asymmetric division neuroblasts

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