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Spatial Variations of Soil Respiration in arid ecosystems

Open Journal of Ecology 2016年第4期6卷 192-205页

作者： Gang Liu Rei Sonobe Quan Wang Graduate School of Science and Technology Shizuoka University Shizuoka Japan Faculty of Agriculture Shizuoka University Shizuoka Japan

Soil respiration releases a major carbon flux back to atmosphere and thus plays an important role in global carbon cycling. Soil respiration is well known for its significant spatial variation in terrestrial ecosystems, especially in fragile ecosystems of arid land, where vegetation is distributed sparsely and the climate changes dramatically. In this study, soil respiration in three typical arid ecosystems: desert ecosystem (DE), desert-farmland transition ecosystem (TE) and farmland ecosystem (FE) in an arid area of northwestern China were studied for their spatial variations in 2012 and 2013. Along with soil respiration (SR), soil surface temperature (ST), soil moisture (SM) and soil electrical conductivity (ECb) were also recorded to investigate the spatial variations and the correlations among them. The results revealed that averaged soil respiration rate was much lower in DE than those in TE and FE. No single factor could adequately explain the variation of soil respiration, except a negative relationship between soil temperature and soil respiration in FE (P ecosystems. The results obtained in this study will help to provide a better understanding on spatial variations of soil respiration and soil properties in arid ecosystems and also on macroscale carbon cycling evaluations.

关键词： Soil Respiration Spatial Variation arid ecosystems Geostatistics Temperature Moisture

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Habitat and food preferences of European rabbits in core and edge populations along the invasion front PatagoniaMonte,Argentina

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Current Zoology 2024年第3期70卷 310-319页

作者： Sabrina Yasmin Bobadilla María ADacar Fabián MJaksic Ricardo AOjeda María Fernanda Cuevas Ecología de Mamíferos de Tierras Secas IADIZACCT-Mendoza CONICETAv.Ruiz Leal s/nParque General San MartínMendoza 5500MendozaArgentina Laboratorio de Filogeografía Taxonomía Integrativa y Ecología(LFTIE)IADIZACCT-Mendoza CONICETAv.Ruiz Leal s/nParque General San MartínMendoza 5500MendozaArgentina Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability(CAPES) Pontifcia Universidad Católica de ChileAv.Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340Santiago 8320000Región MetropolitanaChile

The European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus is an exotic herbivorous mammal undergoing an active phase of geographical expansion in the arid ecosystems of *** Adaptive Flexibility Hypothesis states that populations at the range edge(new populations)will exhibit greater fexibility in the use of resources compared with populations located in the range core(older populations).The objective of this work was to compare the rabbit’s use of spatial and trophic resources in relation to the establishment time of their *** sampling was carried out for 2 years(2017 and 2018)in sites with different establishment times for rabbit *** sampling stratifed by type of habitat was applied using 115 fxed strip transects of 1,000 m2 laid out across the study *** rabbit signs were recorded in each transect,and environmental and anthropic variables were *** results show that the individuals from the range edge are more selective in the use of habitat than those from the range *** the microhabitat level,we observed a pattern in the particular components of habitat use by rabbits mainly linked to food availability and proximity to *** a trophic perspective,rabbits could show fexible adjustment to novel conditions and environments in the range *** variability in resource use by the European rabbit confrms its ecological fexibility,pivotal for their advance toward new environments in Argentina.

关键词： arid ecosystems invasive species novel environments range invasion spatial use trophic use

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Evaluation of restoration success in arid rangelands of Iran based on the variation of ecosystem services

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Journal of arid Land 2023年第11期15卷 1290-1314页

作者： Mohsen SHARAFATMANDRAD Azam KHOSRAVI MASHIZI Department of Ecological Engineering Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of JiroftJiroft ***Iran

The plantation of non-native species is one of the most expensive ecological restoration measures in arid and semi-arid areas,while its impacts on local communities are largely *** study assessed the rate of change and the dynamic degree of the economic values of ecosystem services related to local conservation(water yield,stocking rate and aesthetic value)and preserving the future(carbon sequestration,soil protection,soil stability and habitat provision)to determine the restoration success of the plantation of non-native species Haloxylon ammodendron(***.)Bunge ex Fenzl(15-and 30-year-old)in parts of arid rangelands of Bardsir region,Kerman Province,*** investigated the impacts of the two plantations on the seven ecosystem services and ecosystem structures(horizontal and vertical structures,vegetation composition and species diversity)based on field sampling and measurements at four sampling sites(i.e.,control,degraded,and 15-and 30-year-old plantation sites)in spring and summer of *** restoration success of the plantation of non-native species was then examined by assessing the rate of change and the dynamic degree of the total economic value of all ecosystem services as well as the rate of change and the dynamic degree of the economic values of ecosystem services for the two groups(local conservation and preserving the future).Although the plantation of non-native species *** enormously improved the vertical and horizontal structures of ecosystems,it failed to increase species diversity and richness ***,despite the plantation of non-native species *** had significantly increased the economic values of all ecosystem services,it was only quite successful in restoring carbon *** analysis showed that plantation age had a significant impact on restoration success directly and indirectly(through changing ecosystem structures and services).The dynamic degree of the economic values of ecosystem services r

关键词： Haloxylon ammodendron restoration success ecosystem services ecosystem structures arid ecosystems path analysis Iran

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Canopy cover or remotely sensed vegetation index,explanatory variables of above-ground biomass in an arid rangeland,Iran

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Journal of arid Land 2018年第5期10卷 767-780页

作者： Fatemeh PORDEL Ataollah EBRAHIMI Zahra AZIZI Department of Range and Watershed Management Shahrekord University Department of RS-GIS Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University

Estimation of above-ground biomass is vital for understanding ecological processes. Since direct measurement of above-ground biomass is destructive, time consuming and labor intensive, canopy cover can be considered as a predictor if a significant correlation between the two variables exists. In this study, relationship between canopy cover and above-ground biomass was investigated by a general linear regression model. To do so, canopy cover and above-ground biomass were measured at 5 sub-life forms（defined as life forms grouped in the same height classes） using 380 quadrats, which is systematic-randomly laid out along a 10-km transect, during four sampling periods（May, June, August, and September） in an arid rangeland of Marjan, Iran. To reveal whether obtained canopy cover and above-ground biomass of different sampling periods can be lumped together or not, we applied a general linear model（GLM）. In this model, above-ground biomass was considered as a dependent or response variable, canopy cover as an independent covariate or predictor factor and sub-life forms as well as sampling periods as fixed factors. Moreover, we compared the estimated above-ground biomass derived from remotely sensed images of Landsat-8 using NDVI（normalized difference vegetation index）, after finding the best regression line between predictor（measured canopy cover in the field） and response variable（above-ground biomass） to test the robustness of the induced model. Results show that above-ground biomass（response variable） of all vegetative forms and periods can be accurately predicted by canopy cover（predictor）, although sub-life forms and sampling periods significantly affect the results. The best regression fit was found for short forbs in September and shrubs in May, June and August with R^2 values of 0.96, 0.93 and 0.91, respectively, whilst the least significant was found for short grasses in June, tall grasses in August and tall forbs in June with R^2 values of 0.71, 0.73 and 0.75, r

关键词： rangeland biomass non-destructive method arid ecosystems NDVI

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The Influence of Induced Drought Stress on Germination of Cenchrus ciliaris *** Cenchrus setigerus Vahl.:Implications for Rangeland Restoration in the arid Desert Environment of Kuwait

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生态学研究(英文) 2023年第1期5卷 1-11页

作者： Tareq A.Madouh Desert Agriculture and ecosystems Department Environment&Life Sciences Research CenterKuwait Institute for Scientific ResearchShuwaikh13109Kuwait

Drought impacts in arid desert ecosystems can result in decreased ecosystem productivity and ***mentation of restoration projects in arid desert environments is largely dependent on water availability and soil moisture *** study investigated the influence of induced drought stress by using polyethylene glycol(PEG-6000)solution on germination *** ciliaris and Cenchrus setigerus as the important rangeland *** water stress potential treatments were 0(control),-0.5 MPa,-1.0 MPa,-1.5 MPa,and-2.0 *** extent of seed germination was severely affected by decreased water stress *** drought increased,the percentage of germination decreased in both Cenchrus’*** water deficit at-0.5 MPa showed a significant(Pecosystems and maintain biodiversity.

关键词： arid ecosystems Desert biodiversity Drought stress Desert restoration Water stress potential Seeds germination ecophysiology Cenchrus ciliaris and Cenchrus setigerus Polyethylene glycol(PEG-6000)

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