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antibiotic bone cement's effect on infection rates in primary and revision total knee arthroplasties

World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第12期8卷 946-955页

作者： Donald Kleppel Jacob Stirton Jiayong Liu Nabil A Ebraheim Department of Medicine and Life Sciences Toledo University Department of Orthopedic Surgery Medical CenterToledo University

AIM To compare infection rates in primary and revision total knee arthroplasty(TKA) procedures using antibiotic impregnated bone cement(AIBC) to those rates in procedures not using *** A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in search for randomized controlled trials/studies(RCTs) pertaining to the field of antibiotic AIBC vs non-AIBC groups in both primary and revision TKA procedures. The primary literature search performed was to identify all RCTs that assessed AIBC in primary and revision TKA procedures. This search was done strictly through the Pub Med database using the article "filters" setting that identified and separated all RCTs from the overall search. The original search was "Primary/revision total knee arthroplasty using AIBC". Other key terms and phrases were included in the search as well. Eligible articles that were used in the "results" of this review met the following criteria:(1) Involved primary or revision TKA procedures(for any reason);(2) included TKA outcome infection rate information;(3) analyzed an AIBC group vs a non-AIBC control group;(4) were found through the RCT filter or hand search in Pub Med; and(5) published 1985-2017. Exclusion criteria was as follows:(1) Patients that were not undergoing primary or revision TKA procedures;(2) articles that did not separate total hip arthroplasity(THA) vs TKA results if both hip and knee revisions were evaluated;(3) papers that did not follow up on clinical outcomes of the procedure;(4) extrapolation of data was not possible given published results;(5) knee revisions not done on human patients;(6) studies that were strictly done on THAs;(7) articles that were not found through the RCT filter or through hand search in Pub Med;(8) articles that did not evaluate AIBC used in a prosthesis or a spacer during revision;(9) articles that did not compare an AIBC group vs a non-AIBC control group; and(10) articles that were published before *** In total, 11 articles were deemed

关键词： Total knee arthroplasty Knee revision antibiotic impregnated/laden/infused bone cement Bone cement Knee arthroplasty Primary/revision total knee arthroplasties infection

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Regulatory perspective of antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2019年第5期62卷 698-700页

作者： Hanzhi Yin Weishan Wang Keqiang Fan Zilong Li State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of Microbiology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Science Hunan University of Science and Technology

Streptomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria with high GC DNA content. They produce the most abundant secondary metabolites including over two-thirds of the clinically used antibiotics of natural origin (Barka et al., 2016), for example,the important broad-spectrum antimicrobials oxytetracycline(OTC) and chlortetracycline, which are the tetracycline antibiotics。

关键词： Regulatory perspective of antibiotic biosynthesis in Streptomyces

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Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Viable Bacteria and antibiotic Screening

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2019年第1期3卷 117-122页

作者： Nuvia Maria Saucedo Sira Srinives Ashok Mulchandani Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaRiversideCA 92521USA Present Address:Department of Chemistry Southern Adventist UniversityCollegedaleTN 37315USA Present Address:Department of Chemical Engineering Mahidol University25/25 Puttamonthon 4 Rd.10SalayaNakhon Pathom 73170Thailand

We have developed a biosensor for the detection of live/viable bacteria based on the response of the conductive polymer 4-(3-pyrrolyl)butyric acid to glucose-induced *** polymer was electrochemically deposited and then functionalized with lectin through EDC/NHS chemistry to capture cells near the sensor surface and introduce selectivity for *** addition of glucose to a three-electrode electrochemical cell containing 10 mM phosphate buffer and the bacteria-immobilized sensor produced an increase in the *** the bound bacteria were treated with antibiotics,the addition of glucose produced a notably reduced signal exhibiting the sensor’s potential to screen for the most effective antibiotic *** biosensor having real-time responses,minimal sample preparation,and the ability to screen antibiotics demonstrates the speed,ease,and suitability essential for application in point-of-care *** detection range was determined to be 6.0×10^(3)-9.2×10^(7)CFU/mL.

关键词： Point of care Pathogen Infectivity antibiotic Lectin Potentiometry

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Short vs long-course antibiotic therapy in adults with acute cholangitis:A systematic review,meta-analysis,and evidence quality assessment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第19期29卷 3027-3039页

作者： Karampet Kasparian Chrysanthos D Christou Konstantinos Petidis Michail Doumas Olga Giouleme Clinic of Oncology Gastroenterology and HematologyAlfried Krupp HospitalEssen 45131Germany Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine Hippokration General HospitalAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece Department of Transplantation Surgery Hippokration General HospitalAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54642Greece

BACKGROUND Acute cholangitis(AC)constitutes an infection with increased mortality rates in the *** to new diagnostic tools and therapeutic methods,the mortality of AC has been significantly reduced *** initial antibiotic treatment of AC has been oriented to the most common pathogens connected to this ***,the optimal duration of the antibiotic treatment of AC is still *** To investigate if shorter-course antibiotic treatments could be similarly effective to long-course treatments in adults with *** This study constitutes a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature concerning the duration of antibiotic therapy of AC and an assessment of the quality of the *** study was conducted in accordance with the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and *** studies were included in the systematic review,and eight were eligible for *** to heterogeneous duration cutoffs,three study-analysis groups were formed,with a cutoff of 2-3,6-7,and 14 *** A total of 2763 patients were included in the systematic review,and 1313 were accounted for the *** mean age was 73.66±14.67 years,and the male and female ratio was 1:*** significant differences were observed in the mortality rates of antibiotic treatment of 2-3 d,compared to longer treatments(odds ratio=0.78,95% confidence interval:0.23-2.67,I2=9%)and the recurrence rates and hospitalization length were also not different in all study *** Short-and long-course antibiotic treatments may be similarly effective concerning the mortality and recurrence rates of *** conclusions cannot be extracted concerning the hospitalization duration.

关键词： Acute cholangitis antibiotic Short-course Long-course Antimicrobial Treatment duration

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Effect of physiological heterogeneity of E. coli population on antibiotic susceptivity test

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2007年第6期50卷 808-813页

作者： LIU YuQing1,3, ZHANG HuaiQiang2, SHEN JianZhong3 & GAO PeiJi2 1 Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan 250100, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China 3 College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science Jinan China College of Veterinary Medicine China Agricultural University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong University Jinan China

According to the instantaneous growth rate (dN/dt) of E. coli CVCC249 growing in batch culture, the entire growth progress was distinguished into four phases: accelerating growth phase, constant growth phase, decelerating growth phase; declining phase, in each of which obvious variation in physiological; biochemical properties was detected, including total DNA, total protein,; MTT-dehydrogenase activity, etc., that led to difference in their antibiotic susceptivity. antibiotic susceptivity of the population sampled from each phase was tested by Concentration-killing Curve (CKC) approach following the formula N=N 0/{1+exp[r·(x-BC 50)]}, showing as normal distribution at the individual cell level for an internal population, in which the median bactericidal concentration BC 50 represents the mean level of susceptivity, while the bactericidal span BC 199=(2lnN 0)/r indicates the variation degree of the antibiotic susceptivity. Furthermore, tested by CKC approach, the antibiotic susceptivity of E. coli CVCC249 population in each physiological phase to gentamicin or enoxacin was various: susceptivity of the population in the constant growth phase; declining phase all increased compared with that in the accelerating growth phase for gentamicin but declined for enoxacin. The primary investigations revealed that the physiological phase should be taken into account in the context of antibiotic susceptivity; research into antimicrobial mechanism. However there are few reports concerned with this study. Further research using different kinds of antibiotics with synchronized continuous culture of different bacterial strains is required.

关键词： instantaneous growth rate, batch culture, physiological heterogeneity, concentration-killing curve, antibiotic susceptivity test

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Introducing an antibiotic stewardship program in a pediatric center in China

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第3期14卷 274-279页

作者： Zhi-Gang Zhang Fei Chen Jian-Zhong Chen Department of Pharmacology Liaocheng People's Hospital of Shandong ProvinceLiaocheng 252000China

Background This study aimed to investigate the eff ect of antibiotic stewardship programs (ASP) on reducing antimicrobial resistance rate, antibiotics consumption and multi-drug resistance bacterial infections in the pediatric patients. Methods This study was carried out in the Pediatric Center of a tertiary hospital of Shandong Province, China. The study duration was separated into two periods according to introduction of ASP (began from April 2011). Before intervention: from April 2009 to March 2011;after intervention: from April 2012 to March 2014. The consumption of antibiotics, defi ned daily dose (DDD), isolation of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) and resistance rate of antibiotics were analyzed and compared between the two study periods. Results Total antibiotics consumption (DDDs) reduced from 56,725 in 2011 to 31,380 in 2014;antibiotic use density (AUD) reduced from 93.8 to 43.5;mean (± SD) antibiotic costs per patient (per quarter) decreased from 637 (± 29) RMB to 462 (± 49) RMB;and the mean total drug consumption (g)/DDD (DDDs) for inpatients decreased from 90.4 (± 3.3) to 56.4 (± 9.5). Multidrug-resistant microorganisms isolation reduced signifi cantly from 463 (20.0) to 216 (6.9%). Resistance rate of general spectrum antibiotics reduced remarkably after intervention. The proportion of patients colonized or infected with Carbapenems-resistantAcinetobacter baumannii was correlated with DDDs of carbapenem. Conclusions Implementation of ASP leads to reduced medical expense, decrease of improper and abuse of antibiotics, and reduced antibiotics resistance rate and MDRO isolation. Continuous eff orts to improve antibiotic use are required.

关键词： Antimicrobial resistance antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) Defined daily dose (DDD) Isolation of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO)

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Can bacterial virulence factors predict antibiotic resistant Helicobacter pylori infection?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第9期24卷 971-981页

作者： Denise E Brennan Colin Dowd Colm O'Morain Deirdre McNamara Sinéad M Smith Department of Clinical Medicine School of Medicine Trinity College Dublin

AIM To evaluate the association between virulence factor status and antibiotic resistance in Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori)-infected patients in Ireland. METHODS DNA was extracted from antral and corpus biopsies obtained from 165 H. pylori-infected patients. Genotyping for clarithromycin and fluoroquinolone-mediating mutations was performed using the Genotype Helico DR assay. cag A and vac A genotypes were investigated using PCR. RESULTS Primary, secondary and overall resistance rates for clarithromycin were 50.5%(n = 53/105), 78.3%(n = 47/60) and 60.6%(n = 100/165), respectively. Primary, secondary and overall resistance rates for fluoroquinolones were 15.2%(n = 16/105) and 28.3%(n = 17/60) and 20%(n = 33/165), respectively. Resistance to both antibiotics was 12.4%(n = 13/105) in treatment-na?ve patients, 25%(n = 15/60) in those previously treated and 17%(n = 28/165) overall. A cag A-positive genotype was detected in 22.4%(n = 37/165) of patient samples. The dominant vac A genotype was S1/M2 at 44.8%(n = 74/165), followed by S2/M2 at 26.7%(n = 44/165), S1/M1 at 23.6%(n = 39/165) and S2/M1 at 4.8%(n = 8/165). Primary clarithromycin resistance was significantly lower in cag A-positive strains than in cag A-negative strains [32%(n = 8/25) vs 56.3%(n = 45/80); P = 0.03]. Similarly, in patients infected with more virulent H. pylori strains bearing the vac A s1 genotype, primary clarithromycin resistance was significantly lower than in those infected with less virulent strains bearing the vac A s2 genotype, [41%(n = 32/78) vs 77.8%(n = 21/27); P = 0.0001]. No statistically significant association was found between primary fluoroquinolone resistance and virulence factor *** Genotypic H. pylori clarithromycin resistance is high and cag A-negative strains are dominant in our population. Less virulent(cag A-negative and vac A S2-containing) strains of H. pylori are associated with primary clarithromycin resistance.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori antibiotic resistance Fluoroquinolone Clarithromycin Virulence factor VacA CagA

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Mitigating antibiotic Resistance Emissions in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Global Governance and Available Techniques

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China CDC weekly 2023年第46期5卷 1038-1044页

作者： Ziming Han Haodi Feng Chen Wang Xuegong Wang Min Yang Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Wastewater Detoxication and Resource Recovery BeijingChina Sino-Danish College University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina China Pharmaceutical Enterprises Association BeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina

We highlight the paramount importance of pretreatment processes preceding the biological treatment of antibiotic manufacturing wastewater as a strategy to curb the escalation of antibiotic *** an effort to curtail the advancement of antimicrobial resistance(AMR)in antibiotic production in China,a comprehensive array of technical and regulatory initiatives have been *** measures offer valuable insights that could inform and enhance global AMR containment *** ahead,there is a pressing need to form an interdisciplinary team tasked with refining antibiotic emission standards and tailoring environmental engineering practices for the pharmaceutical sector.

关键词： wastewater antibiotic measures

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Prevalence of Escherichia coli and antibiotic Resistance in Animal-Derived Food Samples-Six Districts,Beijing,China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2021年第47期3卷 999-1004,I0001-I0003页

作者： Hui Li Yanchao Liu Lu Yang Xuan Wu Yige Wu Bing Shao Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning Beijing Centre for Disease Prevention and ControlBeijingChina School of Public Health Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotInner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Escherichia coli is an important hygiene indicator for animal-derived foods such as pork and chicken,and the contamination of retail meat is associated with the spread of... 详细信息

关键词： Prevalence antibiotic District

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antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial pathogens in the intensive care unit of Fatmawati Hospital,Indonesia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2011年第1期1卷 39-42页

作者： Maksum Radji Siti Fauziah Nurgani Aribinuko Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology Department of PharmacyFaculty of Mathematics and ScienceUniversity of Indonesia Department of Intensive Care Unit Fatmawati Hospital

Objective:To evaluate the sensitivity pattern of bacterial pathogens in the intensive care unit(ICU) of a tertiary care of Falmawati Hospital Jakarta ***:A cross sectional retrospective study of bacterial pathogen was carried out on a total of 722 patients that were admitted to the ICU of Fatmawati Hospital Jakarta Indonesia during January 2009 to March 2010. All bacteria were identified by standard microbiologic methods,and(heir antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using disk diffusion ***:Specimens were collected from 385 patients who were given antimicrobial treatment,of which 249(64.68%) were cultured positive and 136(35.32%) were *** most predominant isolate was Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***)(26.5%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae(***)(15.3%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis(14.9%).*** isolates showed high rate of resistance to cephalexin(95.3%),cefotaxime(64.1%),and ceftriaxone(60.9%).Amikacin was the most effective(84.4%) antibiotic against *** followed by imipenem(81.2%),and meropenem(75.0%).*** showed resistance to cephalexin(86.5%),ceftriaxone(75.7%),ceftazidime(73.0%),cefpirome(73.0%) and cefotaxime(67.9%),***:Most bacteria isolated from ICU of Fatmawati Hospital Jakarta Indonesia were resistant to the third generation of cephalosporins,and quinolone *** surveillance of antibiotic susceptibility pallerns is very important for setting orders to guide the clinician in choosing empirical or directed therapy of infected patients.

关键词： antibiotic susceptibility Intensive care unit Bacterial Resistance Bacterial pathogen Sensitivity pattern Antimicrobial Resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate Specimen

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