检索结果-南通市图书馆

Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 280-293页

作者： Sean T.MA Shanna L.RESENDEZ Brandon J.ARAGONA Department of Psychology Program in Neuroscience University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA

Prairie voles(Microtus ochrogaster)are a socially monogamous rodent species and their cooperative behaviors require extensive communication between *** use ultrasonic vocalizations(USVs)to communicate and because a prairie vole breeder pair must engage in extensive cooperation for successful reproduction,auditory communication may be critical for this ***,we sought to characterize USVs in adult male and female prairie voles,and to determine how these calls are influenced by social context,salient social stimuli and the psychostimulant drug of abuse amphetamine(AMPH).Here,we characterize prairie vole USVs by showing the range of frequencies of prairie vole USVs,the proportion of various call types,how these call types compare between males and females,and how they are influenced by social stimulation and *** caused a robust increase in the number of USVs in both males and females and there was a dramatic sex difference in the complexity of call structures of AMPH-induced USVs,with males emitting more elaborate ***,we show that novel(***)social cues evoked differential increases in USVs across sex,with males showing a much more robust increase in USV production,both with respect to the frequency and complexity of USV *** to an estrous female in particular caused an extraordinary increase in USVs in male *** data suggest that USVs may be a useful measure of social motivation in this species,including how social behaviors can be impacted by drugs of abuse.

关键词： amphetamine dopamine mate choice pair bonding ultrasonic vocalization

Protective effects of amphetamine on gastric ulcerations induced by indomethacin in rats

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第44期12卷 7168-7171页

作者： Vlaicu Sandor Barbu Cuparencu Dan L Dumitrascu Mircea A Birt Tibor L Krausz Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu Cluj-Napoca Romania Department of Pharmacology University of Oradea Romania 3rd Medical Clinic University of Medicineand Pharmacy Iuliu Hatieganu Cluj-Napoca Romania Department of Psychiatry Psychology and Educa-tional Sciences Faculty Babes-Bolyai University Cluj-Napoca Clinical Hospital Psychiatry-Ergotherapy Section Cluj-Napoca Romania

AIM: To study the effects of amphetamine, an indirect- acting adrenomimetic compound on the indomethacin- induced gastric ulcerations in rats. METHODS: Male Wistar-Bratislava rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group 1 (control), received an ulcerogenic dose of indomethacin (50 μmol/kg) and Groups 2, 3 and 4, treated with amphetamine (10, 25 and 50 μmol/kg). The drug was administered simulta- neously with indomethacin and once again 4 h later. The animals were sacrificed 8 h after indomethacin treatment. The stomachs were opened and the inci- dence, the number of lesions and their severity were evaluated. The results were expressed as percentage and as mean ± standard error (mean ± SE). RESULTS: The incidence of ulceration in the control group was 100%. amphetamine, at doses of 10, 25 and 50 μmol/kg, lowered the incidence to 88.89%, 77.78% and 37.5% respectively. The protection ratio was posi- tive: 24.14%, 55.17% and 80.6% respectively. The total number of ulcerations/rat was 12.44 ± 3.69 in the con- trol group. It decreased to 7.33 ± 1.89, 5.33 ± 2.38 and 2.25 ± 1.97 under the effects of the above-mentioned doses of amphetamine. CONCLUSION: amphetamine affords a significant dose-dependent protection against the indomethacin- induced gastric ulcerations in rats. It is suggested that the adrenergic system is involved in the gastric mucosa protection.

关键词： amphetamine Gastric ulceration Indomethacin Rats

Simultaneous Determination of Heroin,amphetamine and their Basic Impurities and Adulterants Using Microemulsion Electrokinetic Chromatography

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Chemical Letters 2005年第11期16卷 1499-1502页

作者： Tao WEN Xia ZHAO Guo An LUO Jian WANG Yi Ming WANG Pan LI Jun ZHU Zhong Shang YU Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 Forensic Medical Examination Center of Beijing Public Security Bureau Beijing 100085 Department of Science ＆ Technology Public Security Ministry Beijing 100741 Institute of Forensic Science Ministry of Public Security P.R.C. Beijing 100038

Simultaneous separation of 17 species of heroin, amphetamine and their basic impurities and adulterants was conducted within 10 minutes by using capillary microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography. The influences of pH and 1-butanol cosurfactant on the separation were investigated, and 1-butanol was found to be a principal factor to improve separation efficiency.

关键词： Heroin amphetamine microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography determination.

amphetamine Alters the Circadian Locomotor Activity Pattern of Adult WKY Female Rats

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2014年第5期4卷 201-213页

作者： Cathleen G. Jones Pamela B. Yang Victor T. Wilcox Nachum Dafny Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy The University of Texas-Medical School at Houston Houston USA

There are no reports on the effect of amphetamine on female WKY circadian activity pattern. The objective of this study is to investigate whether repeated daily exposure to the psychostimulant amphetamine alters the locomotor circadian rhythm activity patterns of female adult Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into two groups, control (N = 12) and experimental (N = 12), and kept in a 12:12 h light/dark cycle in an open field cage. After 5 to 7 days of acclimation, 11 days of consecutive non-stop recordings began. On experimental day 1, all groups were given an injection of saline. On experimental days 2 to 7, the experimental group was injected with 0.6 mg/kg amphetamine and the control group with saline followed by a washout phase from experimental day 8 to 10, and amphetamine re-challenge or saline on experimental day 11 similar to experimental day 2. Locomotor movements were determined using a computerized animal activity monitoring system, and cosine statistical analysis was used to fit a24-hour curve to the activity pattern. The horizontal activity (HA), total distance (TD), number of stereotypy (NOS), and stereotypical movements (SM) were analyzed for alterations in the circadian rhythm activity patterns. The data demonstrated that chronic amphetamine administration alters the mesor parameter of the circadian rhythm activity patterns, indicating that chronic amphetamine treatment exerts long term effects on these rats.

关键词： Acute Chronic amphetamine Locomotor Activity Sensitization Withdrawal

amphetamine Conditioned Place Preference in Planarians

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2013年第1期3卷 131-136页

作者： Robert B. Raffa Sumira Shah Christopher S. Tallarida Scott M. Rawls Center for Substance Abuse Research Temple University School of Medicine Philadelphia USA Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Temple University School of Pharmacy Philadelphia USA Neuroscience Program Temple University Philadelphia USA

Meth- and other amphetamines currently present major drug-abuse concerns. However, the demonstration and study of abuse-related behaviors expressed in animal models is expensive and time-consuming. We previously reported a novel model of conditioned place preference (CPP), which is a standard tool in abuse research, in invertebrates (planarians). In the present study, planarians were tested for light/dark preference, then exposed for 5 min to either d-amphetamine or vehicle (water) in light and then re-tested for place preference (light vs dark). The planarians’ natural strong preference for dark (15 of 16) was significantly altered by amphetamine experience, such that 12 of 16 preferred the unnatural, but amphetamine-associated, light side. These results extend the demonstration of CPP to this invertebrate species and provide further evidence in support of this model to testing/screening amphetamine-like and possibly other drugs of abuse.

关键词： amphetamine Conditioned Place Preference Drug Abuse Planaria

amphetamine Versus Non amphetamine-Related First Episode Psychosis in Saudi Arabian Patients

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2011年第3期2卷 101-108页

作者： Ehab Said EL Desoky Ashraf M A El-Tantawy Yasser M. Raya Abdulhameed Al-Yahya 不详

Background: amphetamines are illicit psychostimulant drugs that can induce psychotic symptoms. Very few studies have been conducted in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (SA) on amphetamine abuse and related psychosis. Recently, the pattern of amphetamine abuse in SA showed a significant trend of increased frequency. Objectives: To investigate the extent of amphetamine abuse in a sample of Saudi patients hospitalized for first episode of acute psychosis. Also, to compare in that sample between amphetamine psychosis and other psychoses regarding demographic data, premorbid personality and symptoms profile. Method: 106 patients with acute psychosis were hospitalized and screening of urine for amphetamine was conducted for all. Patients’ psychiatric evaluation included interviewing, and ICD-10 criteria for personality disorders. 30 healthy subjects were also included for comparison with patients. Results: 34/106 of psychotic patients (32%) were positive for amphetamine in urine (≥ 1000 ng/ml). The frequency of personality disorders was significantly higher (P amphetamine positive psychosis (25/34;73.5%) compared with amphetamine negative psychosis (29/72;40%). Cluster B personality disorders particularly the antisocial and borderline were significantly higher in amphetamine positive psychosis (13/34;38%) compared with amphetamine negative psychoses (6/72;8%). The symptom profile showed significant difference between amphetamine positive and amphetamine negative psychosis as regards ideas of reference (50% vs. 14%), suspiciousness (44% vs. 11%), suicidal ideation (38% vs. 23%), paranoid delusions (29% vs. 17%) and increased pulse or blood pressure (29% vs. 7%) respectively. Conclusion: Screening of amphetamine in urine among patients with first episode of acute psychosis can help and support the clinical distinction of

关键词： amphetamine First Episode Psychosis

Drug Seeking Behavior of amphetamine Addicted Sprague-Dawley Rats Is Eliminated after Nutritional Supplementation

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2017年第12期7卷 585-597页

作者： Annice Webber-Waugh Karen Thaxter Nesbeth Pauline Anderson-Johnson Ajibike Salako-Akande Helen Asemota Lauriann Young Department of Basic Medical Sciences The University of the West Indies (UWI) Mona Campus Kingston Jamaica UWI School of Nursing Mona Campus Kingston Jamaica Getwele Natureceuticals LLC Halethorpe MD USA The Biotechnology Centre UWI Kingston Jamaica

Aim: The effectiveness of nutritional supplementation on drug-seeking behavior of amphetamine-addicted rats during withdrawal was investigated using a biased conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. Method: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats exhibiting baseline preference for the black chamber during a 20-minute pre-conditioning exploration of the CPP box completed the study. On alternate days of an 8-day schedule, twelve rats (Group AMP) were randomly selected, given either amphetamine sulfate (5 mg/ml, i.p.) and confined to the white chamber;or vehicle (1 ml saline, i.p.) and confined to the black chamber. A significant increased percentage time spent and number of entries made by Group AMP to the drug-paired, white chamber on the test day confirmed amphetamine addiction. Group AMP subsequently received increasing doses of amphetamine over 6 days. Following acute drug withdrawal, their CPP performance was compared with that of vehicle treated rats (Group SAL). Groups AMP and SAL were equally divided and randomly assigned to animals fed chow reconstituted with the nutritional supplement (AMP-S and SAL-S) over 8 weeks or standard rat chow (AMP-N and SAL-N). CPP performances for all rats were determined blindly from video recordings following this period. Results: Nutritionally supplemented, amphetamine withdrawn rats (AMP-S) exhibited significantly decreased percentage entries and time spent in the white chamber (p ?ve, control animals. Conclusion: Drug-seeking behavior by amphetamine-addicted animals was eliminated after treatment with a nutritionally supplemented diet.

关键词： amphetamine Conditioned Place Preference Nutritional Supplement Addiction Animal Model

Raman Optical Activity and Raman Spectra of amphetamine Species--Quantum Chemical Model Calculations and Experiments

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2012年第6期3卷 410-421页

作者： Rolf Willestofte Berg Irene Shim Peter Cyril White Salim Abdali Department of Chemistry Technical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark ReForensics LincolnUK Biophysical Chemistry Group Department of ChemistryH.C.Orsted Inst.University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark

Theoretical calculations and preliminary measurements of vibrational Raman optical activity (ROA) spectra of different species of amphetamine (amphetamine and amphetamine-H+) are reported for the first time. The quantum chemical calculations were carried out as hybrid ab initio DFT-molecular orbital calculations by use of the Gaussian 03W program, based on complete geometry minimizations of the conformational energy of the S-(+)-amphetamine molecule, the S-(+)-amphetamine-H+ ion, and the R-(–)-amphetamine molecule. Following this, harmonic frequency calculations have been made, providing information about the cation vibrational bands, expected in salts of single anions (chlorides) as well as in salts of anions with internal bonds (sulfates, hydrogen phosphates, etc.). It shows that the kind of anion should be given better attention, as so far it has often not been the case, when the spectra are employed for identification purposes. The DFT calculations show that the most stable conformations are those allowing for close contact between the aromatic ring and the amine hydrogen atoms. The internal rotational barrier within the same amphetamine enantiomer has a considerable influence on the Raman and ROA spectra. As predicted the experimental ROA spectra were found to depend on the chirality. Two street samples, provided by the London Police, were also measured and compared to the calculated ROA spectra. The street samples were found to contain different enantiomers of the protonated amphetamine-H+ sulfate. According to the present study the AMPH+ ion in aqueous sulfate solution seems to adopt a conformation in which the phenyl and ammonium groups are in transpositions, similar to what has been found in the solid state.

关键词： amphetamine Raman ROA DFT Molecular Orbital Drugs Forensic

Molecular docking of amphetamine,cathine and cathinone with dihydrofolate reductase:a computational analysis of inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase by khat alkaloids

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Toxicology Communications 2022年第2期4卷 23-28页

作者： Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab Abdullah Farasani Ahmed Jerah Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha Anil Bidwai Medical Research Centre Jazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia College of Applied Medical Sciences Jazan UniversityJazan 45142Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Substance Abuse Research Center Jazan UniversityJazan 45142Saudi Arabia

Interaction of amphetamine,cathine and cathinone with the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase was studied by molecular docking using AutoDock 4.2 as the docking software *** 4.2 software serves as a valid and acceptable docking application to study the interactions of small compounds with *** of amphetamine,cathine and cathinone with dihydrofolate reductase were compared to those of methotrexate,a known inhibitor of the *** calculated free energy of binding(ΔG binding)shows that the three ligands(ΔG=-6.87 to-7.21 kcal/mol;Ki=9.15 to 5.18μM)bind with affinity slightly lower than methotrexate(ΔG=-8.78 kcal/mol;Ki=363 nM).Binding interactions of the three ligands with active site residues of the enzyme are also *** the ligands appear to bind in a similar conformation making extensive VDW contacts in the active site of the *** bonding and pi-pi interaction with key active site residues is also ***,a probable inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase by khat alkaloids can be explained on the basis of this in silico binding and khat alkaloids can be considered as potential lead compounds in the development of new inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase which is a potential target of anti-cancer *** results of these studies can serve as a starting point for further computational and experimental studies.

关键词： amphetamine cathine cathinone methotrexate docking AutoDock DHFR khat alkaloids

Brain dysfunctions and neurotoxicity induced by psychostimulants in experimental models and humans:an overview of recent findings

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1908-1918页

作者： Marcello Serra Nicola Simola Alexia E.Pollack Giulia Costa Department of Biomedical Sciences Section of NeuroscienceUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly Department of Biology University of Massachusetts-BostonBostonMAUSA

Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that psychostimulants,in addition to having abuse potential,may elicit brain dysfunctions and/or neurotoxic *** toxicity induced by psychostimulants may pose serious health risks since the recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young people and *** present review provides an overview of recent research,conducted between 2018 and 2023,focusing on brain dysfunctions and neurotoxic effects elicited in experimental models and humans by amphetamine,cocaine,methamphetamine,3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,methylphenidate,caffeine,and *** elucidation of factors and mechanisms that underlie psychostimulant-induced brain dysfunction and neurotoxicity is crucial for understanding the acute and enduring noxious brain effects that may occur in individuals who use psychostimulants for recreational and/or therapeutic purposes.

关键词： 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine amphetamine caffeine cell cultures cocaine methamphetamine methylphenidate neurotoxicity nicotine