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Enhancing pharmaceutical potential and oral bioavailability of allium cepa nanosuspension in male albino rats using response surface methodology

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2022年第1期12卷 26-38页

作者： Fatiqa Zafar Nazish Jahan Shaukat Ali Saba Jamil Riaz Hussain Saba Aslam Department of Chemistry University of SahiwalSahiwalPakistan Department of Chemistry University of AgricultureFaisalabadPakistan Department of Chemistry University of OkaraOkaraPakistan Govt.Graduate College for Women Sargodha RoadFaisalabadPakistan

Objective:To enhance the pharmaceutical potential and oral bioavailability of quercetin contents of allium cepa peel extract by novel nanosuspension technology.Methods:Nanoprecipitation approach was successfully used for the formulation of nanosuspension.To obtain pharmaceutical-grade nanosuspension with minimum particle size and polydispersity index,sodium lauryl sulphate was selected as a stabilizer.Important formulation parameters were statistically optimized by the response surface methodology approach.The optimized nanosuspension was subjected to stability and in vitro dissolution testing and characterized by scanning electron microscopy,atomic force microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and zeta sizer.To evaluate the preeminence of nanosuspension over coarse suspension,comparative bioavailability studies were carried out in male albino rats.The pharmaceutical potential of developed nanosuspension was evaluated by antioxidant,antimicrobial,and toxicity studies.Results:The optimized nanosuspension showed an average particle size of 275.5 nm with a polydispersity index and zeta potential value of 0.415 and−48.8 mV,respectively.Atomic force microscopy revealed that the average particle size of nanosuspension was below 100 nm.The formulated nanosuspension showed better stability under refrigerated conditions.Nanosuspension showed an improved dissolution rate and a 2.14-fold greater plasma concentration of quercetin than coarse suspension.Moreover,the formulated nanosuspension exhibited enhanced antioxidant and antimicrobial potential and was non-toxic.Conclusions:Optimization of nanosuspension effectively improves the pharmaceutical potential and oral bioavailability of allium cepa extract.

关键词： allium cepa Nanoprecipitation Pharmaceutical potential Particle size Polydispersity index Stability Toxicity Quercetin

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Immunolcocalization of actin in intact and DNA-and histone-depleted nuclei and chromosomes of allium cepa

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Cell Research 1998年第1期8卷 51-62页

作者： WAN LI HONG MIAO XING (Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China) Institute of Genetics and Cytology Northeast Normal University China

The presence of actin in eukaryotic nuclei and chromosomes, and especially in higher plant nuclei and chromosomes, has not been well established. We detected actin in meristematic cells of allium cepa with indirect immunofluorescence technique and observed bright fluorescence in the intact nuclei and chromosomes, indicating that actin is present in the nuclei and chromosomes of the higher plant. We labeled sections of the meristematic cells of A. cepa with immunogold technique, gold particles were found over the whole nuclei and a number of gold particles were concentrated in condensed chromatin and nucleoli, confirming the results of the immunofluoresence observations. We treated the nuclei and chromosomes of A.cepa with DNase I and 2M NaCl and obtained DNA- and histone-depleted nuclei and chromosomes. Indirect immunofluorescence tests showed that the DNA- and histonedepleted nuclei and chromosomes reacted positively with the anti-actin antibodies. These results demonstrate that actin exists not only in intact nuclei and chromosomes,but also in DNA- and histone-depleted nuclei and chrmosomes of the plant. In addition, our immuno-fluorescence tests indicate that tropomyosin is present in the nuclei and chromosomes of A. cepa.

关键词： Actin allium cepa chromosomes nuclei

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Radioprotective Potencies of allium cepa Extract (ACE) against Radiation-Induced Hepatoxicity in Wistar Rats

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International Journal of Medical Physics, Clinical Engineering and Radiation Oncology 2023年第3期12卷 59-83页

作者： Sylvester Kelechi Kenneth Okeke Francisca Nneka Agwu Kenneth Kalu Attah Okwudili Joseph Deparrtment of Radiation and Clinical Oncology University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu Nigeria Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nigeria Nsukka Nigeria Department of Medical Radiography Faculty of Health Science University of Nigeria Enugu Campus Enugu Nigeria

Background and Purpose: All types of ionizing radiations generate ions which can lead to the formation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excess production of free radicals or decrease in antioxidants level leads to oxidative stress. It is a harmful process that induces damage to cell structures, lipids, proteins, RNA and DNA which leads to a number of diseases. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of plant extract (allium cepa Extract (ACE)) on the kidney of wistar rats exposed to radiation using and assaying some biochemical enzymes. Material and Method: 60 wistar rats weighing 170 ± 20 g were equally divided into six groups for the study. Group 1 (control): neither received ACE nor irradiation. Group 2 (ACE): received 1000 mg/Kg b.wt of ACE. Group 3 (4 Gy-Irradiated): were exposed to 4 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 4 (6 Gy-Irradiated): were exposed to 6 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 5 (ACE + 4 Gy): were treated with 1000 mg/Kg b.wt of ACE once daily for twenty-eight days but exposed to 4 Gy TBI on day 14. Group 6 (ACE + 6 Gy): were treated with 1000 mg/Kg b.wt of ACE once daily for twenty-eight days but exposed to 6 Gy TBI on day 14. All the groups received distilled water and feed ad libitum during the acclimatization and experimental periods. Four animals in each group were sacrificed 24 h after irradiation and the 4 remaining animals were sacrificed on day 29 for biochemical assay and histopathological evaluation, the statistical analysis was done using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the data editor SPSS version 28. Results: From the biochemical enzymes, the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in group 2 when compared to group 1 was almost the same, which was not statically significant with (p > 0.05), but groups 3 and 4 show a significant increase in the level of MDA with (p 0.05). The other enzymes like SOD, CAT, GST, and GSH followed suit. Conclusion: From the results it is a clear indication that allium cepa E

关键词： allium cepa Winstar RAT MDA SOD Hepatoxicity

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Effects　of　Zn^（2＋）　on　root　growth，cell　division，and　nucleoli　of　allium　cepa　L．

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1996年第1期8卷 21-27页

作者： Liu Donghua Jiang Wusheng Wang Chunli (Department of Biology, Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300074,China)Zhai Lin (Xinhua High School , Tianjin 300204,China)

The effects of different concentrations of Zn￣(2+)ion on root growth,cell division,and nucleoli of allium cepa were studied. The test Zn￣(2+) ion concentration was made up from zinc sulphate (ZnSO4. 7H2O) ranging from 10￣(-7) to 10￣(-2) mol/L. The solutions were prepared in tap water (pH =6. 5).The results indicated that Zn￣(2+) could obviously inhibit root growth at concentrations from 10￣(-4)to 10￣(-2) mol/L.Roots treated with zinc sulphate showed the presence of c-mitosis, anaphase bridges,including sticky and fluidized bridges (at 10￣(-3) to 10￣(-2) mol/L) , chromosome stickiness, irregularly shaped nuclei, broken nuclei and micronuclei. A toxicity effect was also observed on the nucleoli using silver staining technique after 48h of treatment with 10￣(-4)to 10￣(-2) mol/L Zn￣(2+), e. g,the nucleolar particulate material scattered around the nucleoli in the nucleus of root tip cells.

关键词： allium cepa mitosis chromosome aberration nucleoli silver staining technique.

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Hierarchical porous carbon derived from allium cepa for supercapacitors through direct carbonization method with the assist of calcium acetate

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2017年第12期28卷 2295-2297页

作者： Jinhui Xu Wenli Zhang Dianxun Hou Weimin Huang Haibo Lin College of Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Department of Civii Environmentaland Architectural EngineeringUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulder CO 80309USA Guangdong Guanghua Sci-Tech Co. Ltd.Shantou 515061China

In this paper, a direction carbonization method was used to prepare porous carbon from allium cepa for supercapacitor applications. In this method, calcium acetate was used to assist carbonization process. Scanning electron microscope （SEM） and N2 adsorption/desorption method were used to characterize the morphology, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） specific surface area and pore size distribution of porous carbon derived from allium cepa （onion derived porous carbon, OPC）. OPC is of hierarchical porous structure with high specific surface area and relatively high specific capacitance. OPC possesses relatively high specific surface area of 533.5 m2Jg. What＇s more, OPC possesses a specific capacitance of 133.5 Fig at scan rate of 5 mV/s.

关键词： Porous carbon Supercapacitor allium cepa Hierarchical porous carbon Direct pyrolysis Biomass

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Effects of Ca￣（2＋）ions antagonistic to Al￣（3＋）ions poisoning in root growth，cell division and nucleolus in root tip cells of allium cepa

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1995年第2期7卷 190-197页

作者： Liu Donghua Jiang Wusheng (Department of Biology, Tianjin Normal University, TianJin 300074 , China)Li Kunzhang (Departrnent of Biology, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453002 , China)

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＣａ￣（２＋）ｉｏｎｓａｎｔａｇｏｎｉｓｔｉｃｔｏＡｌ￣（３＋）ｉｏｎｓｐｏｉｓｏｎｉｎｇｉｎｒｏｏｔｇｒｏｗｔｈ，ｃｅｌｌｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎａｎｄｎｕｃｌｅｏｌｕｓｉｎｒｏｏｔｔｉｐｃｅｌｌｓｏｆＡ... 详细信息

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＣａ￣（２＋）ｉｏｎｓａｎｔａｇｏｎｉｓｔｉｃｔｏＡｌ￣（３＋）ｉｏｎｓｐｏｉｓｏｎｉｎｇｉｎｒｏｏｔｇｒｏｗｔｈ，ｃｅｌｌｄｉｖｉｓｉｏｎａｎｄｎｕｃｌｅｏｌｕｓｉｎｒｏｏｔｔｉｐｃｅｌｌｓｏｆＡｌｌｉｕｍｃｅｐａＬｉｕＤｏｎｇｈ...

关键词： allium cepa antagonism aluminium chloride chromosorne aberration nucleolus decompo- sition.

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In vitro antioxidant activity and in vivo hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of allium cepa bulb in ethanol induced liver damage in Wistar rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2013年第3期2卷 132-138页

作者： K.Eswar Kumar K.N.Harsha V.Sudheer Nelli Giri babu Pharmacology Division A.U.College of Pharmaceutical SciencesAndhra UniversityVisakhapatnam 530003Andhra PradeshIndia

The in vitro antioxidant and in vivo hepatoprotective effects of aqueous extract of allium cepa(A.cepa)bulb were evaluated in male rats against ethanol induced liver damage in preventive and curative models.The antioxidant activity of A.cepa was assayed and activities were compared to standard antioxidant,ascorbic acid.The results revealed that the IC50 values of A.cepa bulb extract for DPPH,hydroxyl,superoxide radical scavenging activities were 195.2±0.2,374.7±0.4 and 182.5±1.7g/mL,respectively.Liver injury was induced by 40%ethanol administration(3.76 g/kg bw,orally)for 25 days.In two different sets of experiments,the A.cepa extracts(100,300 and 600 mg/kg bw)and silymarin(100 mg/kg bw)were administered orally in preventive and curative models.Ethanol administration caused severe hepatic damage in rats as evidenced by elevated serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and total bilirubin levels.The A.cepa and silymarin administration prevented the toxic effect of ethanol on the above serum parameters in both preventive and curative models.The present study concludes that aqueous extract of A.cepa bulb has significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity against ethanol induced hepatotoxicity.©2013 Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.

关键词： allium cepa Antioxidant Ethanol Hepatoprotective Rat

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Nuclear lamina - like filaments and nuclear matrix in allium cepa as revealed by scanning electron microscopy

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Cell Research 1992年第2期2卷 153-163页

作者： HAO SHUI, ALIN HU, DEZHANG JIN, MINGDA JIAO AND BAIQU HUANGInstitute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China Institute of Genetics & Cytology Northeast Normal University Changchun China

In this study,freeze-fractured specimens of allium ceparoot tip meristems were examined under the scanning elec-tron microscope(SEM).This technique permitted the visu-alization of the outer membrane of the nuclear envelope withnuclear pore complexes and polyribosomes.Some of the cellnuclei prepared witn this procedure had fissures of variouswidths no their nuclear envelopes through which the nuclearlamina-like filaments(LLF)underneath the nucleoplasmicside of the envelopes were clearly visible.The diameters ofthese filaments varied between 25 and 125 nm.Many of theLLFs showed granular thickenings at places,and were at-tached to the inner surface of nuclear envelope in some regions.Similar LLFs were also seen at the peripheries of thefreeze-fractured faces of nuclei.Meanwhile,the spatial re-lation between the nuclear matrix filaments(NMF)and oth-er nuclear structures(nucleoli,chromatin and peripherallamina-like filaments)was revealed in these fracturedpreparations.In addition,the methods and techniques instudying the nuclear lamina morphology and the roles playedby NMFs in activities of various nuclear structures were dis-cussed in brief.

关键词： nuclear lamina -like filaments nuclear matrix filaments allium cepa freeze - fracture.

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Identification of Fusarium Species Associated with Onion(allium cepa L.)Plants in Field in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2020年第3期11卷 94-110页

作者： Konwende Raissa Kintega P.Elisabeth Zida Vianney W.Tarpaga Philippe Sankara Paco Sereme Laboratoire de Phytopathologie Institute de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles(INERA) OuagadougouBurkina Faso Universite Joseph Ki-ZERBO OuagadougouBurkina Faso

Many fungi limit onion production in Burkina Faso. This study aims to identify the main Fusarium species associated with onion plant in field in order to determine those involved in seedling damping-off and bulb rot, and develop adequate management strategies of these diseases. For this purpose, 36 isolates of Fusarium were isolated from onion plants in 17 sites and subjected to molecular analysis and biometric characterization. The results revealed that the isolates belong to five Fusarium species: Fusarium oxysporum (44.44% of the isolates), Fusarium proliferatum (41.66%), Fusarium solani (5.55%), Fusarium fujikuroi (5.55%) and Fusarium thapsinum (2.77%). Fusarium oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. solani and F. fujikuroi had faster mycelial development, with a growth rate of 7.72 - 8.27 mm/d, than F. thapsinum (6.52 mm/d). Conidia of F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum and F. solani were longer (4.74 - 5.96 μm) than those of F. fujikuroi and F. thapsinum (3.20 - 4.04 μm). Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum, respectively, had the largest and most partitioned conidia.

关键词： allium cepa Fusarium Molecular Identification Biometric Characterization Fungal Rot

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The Anti-obesity Effect of allium cepa L. leaves on High Fat Diet Induced Obesity in Male Wistar Rats

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Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology 2022年第3期2卷 28-36页

作者： Babafemi J.Momoh Shekins O.Okere Gabriel O.Anyanwu Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science and TechnologyBingham UniversityP.M.B.005Karu 961105Nigeria

Background:Over the years,there has been research on the anti-obesity effect of the allium cepa bulb,but a dearth of research was carried out on the leaves,which is consumed as vegetable salad and soup,hence this study was proposed.Objective:This study aims at investigating the effect of A.cepa leaves on high fat diet(HFD)induced obesity in male Wistar rats.Methods:Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into four groups with seven rats each.Apart from Group 1(normal control which received normal pelleted diet),obesity was induced in 21 rats of Group 2 to 4 with HFD.Group 2,the obese control was administered with 100%HFD,while the diet for group 3 and 4 was supplemented with 10%and 20%A.cepa powdered leaves,respectively,for 28 days.Results:In the rats treated with 10%and 20%A.cepa,body weight,fat mass,blood glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,aspartate amino transferase,alanine amino transferase,creatinine and urea levels were reduced significantly(Pcepa leaves revealed small and few amounts of fat deposits in comparison with the obese control group,which revealed numerous and large deposits of fat.The kidney of the rats treated with 10%and 20%A.cepa leaves showed moderate and mild inflammation,respectively,in comparison with the obese control group which showed acute inflammation.The leaves of A.cepa had antioxidant properties and the presence of volatile compounds with anti-obesity properties in A.cepa were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).Conclusion:A.cepa leaves had weight-loss effect in that it decreased body weight,fat mass,glucose and lipid levels including fat deposits in the liver.

关键词： Antiobesity allium cepa High fat diet Total phenolic content Antioxidant Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

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