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Kinetics of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid sorption onto montmorillonite clays in soil and their translocation to genetically modified corn

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 669-680页

作者： Meichen Wang Kelly J Rivenbark Timothy D Phillips Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical SciencesTexas A&M UniversityTX 77845USA

The co-occurrence of glyphosate(GLP)and aminomethylphosphonic acid(ampa)in contaminated water,soil,sediment and plants is a cause for concern due to potential threats to the ecosystem and human health.A major route of exposure is through contact with contaminated soil and consumption of crops containing GLP and ampa residues.However,clay-based sorption strategies for mixtures of GLP and ampa in soil,plants and garden produce have been very limited.In this study,in vitro soil and in vivo genetically modified corn models were used to establish the proof of concept that the inclusion of clay sorbents in contaminated soils will reduce the bioavailability of GLP and ampa in soils and their adverse effects on plant growth.Effects of chemical concentration(1–10 mg/kg),sorbent dose(0.5%-3%in soil and 0.5%-1%in plants)and duration(up to 28 days)on sorption kinetics were studied.The time course results showed a continuous GLP degradation to ampa.The inclusion of calcium montmorillonite(CM)and acid processed montmorillonite(APM)clays at all doses significantly and consistently reduced the bioavailability of both chemicals from soils to plant roots and leaves in a dose-and time-dependent manner without detectable dissociation.Plants treated with 0.5%and 1%APM inclusion showed the highest growth rate(p≤0.05)and lowest chemical bioavailability with up to 76%reduction in roots and57%reduction in leaves.Results indicated that montmorillonite clays could be added as soil supplements to reduce hazardous mixtures of GLP and ampa in soils and plants.

关键词： Glyphosate ampa Adsorption Soil remediation Plant Hydroponic system

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Fluorine-doped BiVO_(4) photocatalyst: Preferential cleavage of C−N bond for green degradation of glyphosate

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期127卷 60-68页

作者： Yunlong Chen Yingping Huang Hailin Tian Liqun Ye Ruiping Li Chuncheng Chen Zhongxu Dai Di Huang College of Materials and Chemical Engineering China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China Engineering Research Center of Eco-environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region Ministry of EducationChina Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China College of Biology&Pharmacy China Three Gorges UniversityYichang 443002China Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of PhotochemistryCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

With increasing concerns on the environment and human health,the degradation of glyphosate through the formation of less toxic intermediates is of great importance.Among the developed methods for the degradation of glyphosate,photodegradation is a clean and efficient strategy.In this work,we report a new photocatalyst by doping F ion on BiVO_(4) that can efficiently degrade glyphosate and reduce the toxic emissions of aminomethylphosphonic acid(ampa)through the selective(P)−C−Ncleavage in comparison of BiVO_(4) catalyst.The results demonstrate that the best suppression of ampa formation was achieved by the catalyst of 0.3F@BiVO_(4) at pH=9(ampa formation below10%).In situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transforms infrared(ATR-FTIR)spectroscopy indicates that the adsorption sites of glyphosate on BiVO_(4) and 0.3F@BiVO_(4) are altered due to the difference in electrostatic interactions.Such an absorption alteration leads to the preferential cleavage of the C−Nbond on the N−C−P skeleton,thereby inhibiting the formation of toxic ampa.These results improve our understanding of the photodegradation process of glyphosate catalyzed by BiVO_(4)-based catalysts and pave a safe way for abiotic degradation of glyphosate.

关键词： Fluorine-doped BiVO_(4) Glyphosate ampa Photocatalytic degradation Seletive oxidation

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Decreased bioavailability of aminomethylphosphonic acid(ampa)in genetically modified corn with activated carbon or calcium montmorillonite clay inclusion in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 131-143页

作者： Sara E.Hearon Meichen Wang Thomas J.McDonald Timothy D.Phillips Veterinary Integrative Biosciences Department College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M Uniuersity College StationTx 77845USA Department of Environmental and Occupational Health School of Public Health Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station400 Bizzell St College StationTX 77843USA

The widespread use of pesticides has resulted in detectable residues throughout the environment,sometimes at concentrations well above regulatory limits.Therefore,the development of safe,effective,field-practical,and economically feasible strategies to mitigate the effects of pesticides is warranted.Glyphosate is an organophosphorus herbicide that is degraded to aminomethylphosphonic acid(ampa),a toxic and persistent metabolite that can accumulate in soil and sediment and translocate to plants.In this study,we investigated the binding efficacy of activated carbon(AC)and calcium montmorillonite(CM)clay to decrease ampa bioavailability from soil and ampa translocation to plants.Adsorption isotherms and thermodynamic studies on AC and CM were conducted and showed tight binding(enthalpy values>-20 k J/mol)for ampa with high capacities(0.25 mol/kg and 0.38 mol/kg,respectively),based on derivations from the Langmuir model.A hydra assay was utilized to indicate toxicity of ampa and the inclusion of 1%AC and CM both resulted in 90%protection of the hydra(**p≤0.01).Further studies in glyphosate-contaminated soil showed that AC and CM significantly reduced ampa bioavailability by 53%and 44%,respectively.Results in genetically modified(GM)corn showed a conversion of glyphosate to ampa in roots and sprouts over a 10-day exposure duration.Inclusion of AC and CM reduced ampa residues in roots and sprouts by 47%-61%.These studies collectively indicate that AC and CM are effective sorbents for ampa and could be used to reduce ampa bioavailability from soil and ampa residues in GM corn plants.

关键词： Glyphosate ampa Activated carbon Calcium montmorillonite Sorbent

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Glutamate receptors and glutamatergic signalling in the peripheral nerves

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第3期15卷 438-447页

作者： Ting-Jiun Chen Maria Kukley Center for Neuroscience Research Children’s Research InstituteChildren’s National Medical CentreWashingtonDCUSA Group of Neuron Glia Interaction University of TübingenTübingenGermany Research Institute of Ophthalmology Tübingen University HospitalTübingenGermany

In the peripheral nervous system,the vast majority of axons are accommodated within the fibre bundles that constitute the peripheral nerves.Axons within the nerves are in close contact with myelinating glia,the Schwann cells that are ideally placed to respond to,and possibly shape,axonal activity.The mechanisms of intercellular communication in the peripheral nerves may involve direct contact between the cells,as well as signalling via diffusible substances.Neurotransmitter glutamate has been proposed as a candidate extracellular molecule mediating the cross-talk between cells in the peripheral nerves.Two types of experimental findings support this idea:first,glutamate has been detected in the nerves and can be released upon electrical or chemical stimulation of the nerves;second,axons and Schwann cells in the peripheral nerves express glutamate receptors.Yet,the studies providing direct experimental evidence that intercellular glutamatergic signalling takes place in the peripheral nerves during physiological or pathological conditions are largely missing.Remarkably,in the central nervous system,axons and myelinating glia are involved in glutamatergic signalling.This signalling occurs via different mechanisms,the most intriguing of which is fast synaptic communication between axons and oligodendrocyte precursor cells.Glutamate receptors and/or synaptic axon-glia signalling are involved in regulation of proliferation,migration,and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells,survival of oligodendrocytes,and re-myelination of axons after damage.Does synaptic signalling exist between axons and Schwann cells in the peripheral nerves?What is the functional role of glutamate receptors in the peripheral nerves?Is activation of glutamate receptors in the nerves beneficial or harmful during diseases?In this review,we summarise the limited information regarding glutamate release and glutamate receptors in the peripheral nerves and speculate about possible mechanisms of glutamatergic signalling in the nerves.We highli

关键词： ampa receptors axons glutamate metabotropic glutamate receptors myelination nerve injury NMDA receptors peripheral nervous system PNS Schwann cells synaptic signalling

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Dcf1在学习记忆及焦虑样行为中的作用

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生命科学 2022年第9期34卷 1168-1174页

作者：鲁娇舒渝茜章帆吴凡赵航王清何治三峡大学国家中医药管理局中药药理科研三级实验室宜昌443002 三峡大学医学院宜昌443002

焦虑症可表现出焦虑样行为,其发病机制错综复杂且受多方面因素的影响,一线药物治疗效果也不甚理想。近年来发现,在自闭症、阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)的发展中发挥作用的树突状细胞因子1(dendritic cell factor 1,Dcf1)也称... 详细信息

焦虑症可表现出焦虑样行为,其发病机制错综复杂且受多方面因素的影响,一线药物治疗效果也不甚理想。近年来发现,在自闭症、阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)的发展中发挥作用的树突状细胞因子1(dendritic cell factor 1,Dcf1)也称TMEM59(transmembrane protein 59,TMEM59),在焦虑中也起着重要的作用。Dcf1通过调节N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor,NMDAR)和α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异恶唑丙酸受体(α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid receptor,ampaR)影响学习记忆和焦虑样行为的发生,但具体的作用机制仍不明确。Dcf1是当前研究热点之一,在神经系统中发挥重要作用,与帕金森症、焦虑症及脑缺血等神经系统疾病密切相关,然而,这些疾病的发生不可避免地对学习记忆产生影响。因此,Dcf1研究不仅具有实际意义,且为临床更为精确地治疗神经系统疾病提供研究基础,其理论价值在于探索大脑的功能机制。该文就Dcf1在学习记忆及焦虑样行为中的作用做一综述。

关键词：焦虑样行为树突状细胞因子1 NMDA ampa 学习记忆

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ampa受体失敏和快速兴奋性突触传递

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生理科学进展 1997年第3期28卷 197-202页

作者：鲁涛杨雄里中国科学院上海生理研究所

ＡＭＰＡ（α－ａｍｉｎｏ－３－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－５－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－４－ｉｓｏｘａｚｏｌｅｐｒｏｐｉｏｎｉｃａｃｉｄ）受体是离子型谷氨酸受体中重要的一类亚型，在中枢神经系统内主要介导快速的兴奋性突触传递。近年来，ＡＭＰＡ... 详细信息

ＡＭＰＡ（α－ａｍｉｎｏ－３－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－５－ｍｅｔｈｙｌ－４－ｉｓｏｘａｚｏｌｅｐｒｏｐｉｏｎｉｃａｃｉｄ）受体是离子型谷氨酸受体中重要的一类亚型，在中枢神经系统内主要介导快速的兴奋性突触传递。近年来，ＡＭＰＡ受体独特的失敏特性逐渐被阐明，已经确定了一些特异调节ＡＭＰＡ受体失敏的化合物。大量的生理学和药理学证据表明，ＡＭＰＡ受体失敏在快速兴奋性突触传递过程中起着重要的作用，对单个突触的传递效率、神经元的整合功能和突触的可塑性均有影响。

关键词：谷氨酸受体 ampa 失敏突触传递神经受体

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桉树人工林草甘膦残留及其对土壤健康的影响

桉树人工林草甘膦残留及其对土壤健康的影响

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作者：饶妍茜中南林业科技大学

学位级别：硕士

除草剂被广泛应用在全球桉树人工林经营中,但长期大规模施用化学除草剂是否对桉树人工林土壤具有潜在影响,除草剂残留在土壤中是否逐渐累积已成为日益令人担忧的重要问题。为探究长期施用草甘膦在多年生桉树人工林土壤中草甘膦及其代谢... 详细信息

除草剂被广泛应用在全球桉树人工林经营中,但长期大规模施用化学除草剂是否对桉树人工林土壤具有潜在影响,除草剂残留在土壤中是否逐渐累积已成为日益令人担忧的重要问题。为探究长期施用草甘膦在多年生桉树人工林土壤中草甘膦及其代谢产物氨甲基膦酸（ampa）残留对土壤性质以及土壤健康的影响,本文选取5年生（5a）、8年生（8a）、11年生（11a）桉树人工林以及已经除草清理尚未种植桉树的林地（简称0a）和附近常绿阔叶林（CK）为试验对象,同一林龄设置6块标准样地,每块样地分0～20、20～40、40～60cm三层土采样。通过超高效液相色谱法检测土壤中草甘膦及其代谢产物ampa的残留浓度,探究不同林龄桉树人工林土壤中草甘膦及其分解物ampa残留量以及在土层中的分布规律;比较施用草甘膦的桉树人工林与常绿阔叶林间土壤特性变化;基于32项土壤指标,利用主成分分析法、隶属函数分析法进行土壤健康综合指数评价,拟为桉树人工林除草剂合理使用提供指导。主要研究结论如下:（1）不同林龄桉树人工林下土壤中草甘膦及其代谢产物ampa的残留量未随着林龄增加而逐渐富聚草甘膦和ampa的残留浓度在0-20、20-40、40-60cm土层中均表现为0a＞8a＞11a＞5a,草甘膦在不同林龄中未发现显著差异(p＞（0.05）,但ampa在不同林龄中存在显著差异（p＜0.05）,由于草甘膦的易分解性以及土壤微生物活动使草甘膦进入土壤后通过微生物活动迅速降解为ampa。（2）桉树人工林长期施用草甘膦,林地土壤中草甘膦的残留浓度未见超标;不同土层中草甘膦和ampa均存在显著差异（p＜0.05）。桉树人工林三个不同层次梯度土壤中,草甘膦及ampa残留浓度均0.1mg·kg-1,小于人类和动物安全标准。不同林龄土壤中草甘膦和ampa的残留浓度均随土层加深而显著降低,残留浓度在土层上表现为0-20cm＞20-40cm＞40-60cm,均表现为0-20cm值最高,40-60 cm值最低,表明草甘膦及其代谢物ampa并未明显向下层土壤渗透。（3）任意林龄中,同一土层土壤中ampa残留量均大于同一土层土壤中草甘膦残留量。可能是根据草甘膦和ampa在土壤中吸附性强弱决定其在土壤中的降解速率,由于草甘膦在土壤中吸附强度高于ampa,导致草甘膦在林地土壤中降解速度比ampa更快。（4）草甘膦与ampa与大部分土壤指标间相关性显著相关。长期施用草甘膦的桉树人工林土壤密度、持水量、孔隙度、土壤有机碳含量、阳离子交换量、全氮、全磷均在0-20cm 土层中随林龄增加呈先下降再上升的变化趋势。其中除0a外CK 土壤密度低于其他林龄,11a氮磷值最高,除5a外CK氮磷值最低,酸性磷酸酶随着林龄增加而降低,其中CK酸性磷酸酶值最高;蔗糖酶随着林龄增加而增加,CK蔗糖酶值最低。研究并未发现长期施用草甘膦的桉树人工林土壤性质与附近常绿阔叶林有明显差异。（5）基于32个土壤因子通过主成分分析和隶属函数分析法进行土壤健康综合指数评价,未发现常绿阔叶林与长期施用草甘膦的桉树人工林间土壤健康有显著差异。通过主成分分析和隶属函数分析法比较不同林龄排序结果分别为0a＞C K＞8a＞11a＞5a,0a＞8a＞CK＞11a＞5a。根据隶属函数计算出的指数值中,常绿阔叶林与长期施用草甘膦的桉树人工林土壤健康综合指数差异并不显著（p＜0.05）。

关键词：林龄草甘膦代谢产物 ampa 残留量综合指数评价

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Protection against respiratory depression by novel allosteric ampa receptor modulator

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2018年第9期32卷 735-736页

作者： DAI Wei GAO Xiang LI Yu-lei YONG Zheng SU Rui-bin State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology Beijing 100850 China

OBJECTIVE Respiratory depression hinders the use of anaesthetics and sedative hypnotics.For emergency use,specific antagonists are currently administered to counteract respiratory depression.However,antagonists are often short-lasting and can have multiple unexpected side effects.A novel ampa receptor modulator LCX001,synthesized by our Institute of Medicinal Chemistry,is expected to relieve suppressed respiration.To explore the mechanism and impact of LCX001 on protection against respiratory depression.METHODS LCX001 was tested to alleviate respiratory depression triggered by opioid,propofol and pentobarbital in the plethysmography recording.The acetic acid writhing and hot-plate tests were conducted to evaluate potential analgesic effect of LCX001.Binding assay and whole-cell recording were used to analyze the property of LCX001 on positive modulation.The function of ampa receptors were determined by location of receptors inthe membrane and state of channel opening,and both processes were impressed by ampa receptor regulatory proteins.According to the theory,the effect of LCX001 on the expression of stargazin was measured firstly by Western blotting.The variation of receptor surface location were observed by live cell imaging.The regulation on neuronal Ca2+and cell function was investigated intensively by Ca2+imaging to clarify mechanism of LCX001.RESULTS LCX001 effectively rescued and prevented opioid(fentanyl and TH-030418),propofol,and pentobarbitalinduced respiratory depression by strengthening respiratory frequency and minute ventilation by 30%-50% in rats.The acetic acid writhing test and hot-plate test revealed potent anti-nociceptive efficacy of LCX001 on increasing the inhibition rate and %MPE to 80% and 65% respectively,in contrast to some ampakines that did not affect analgesia.Furthermore,LCX001 potentiated[3 H]ampa and L-glutamate binding affinity to ampa receptors,and facilitated glutamateevoked inward currents in HEK293 cells stably expressing GluA2(R).At 10 mmol·L^(-1) glutamate evoked amplitude

关键词： respiratory depression glutamate ampa receptor modulator

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发育对大鼠视皮层第2和3层锥体神经元ampa受体介导的自发兴奋性突触后电流影响的研究

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中华眼科杂志 2009年第8期45卷 736-741页

作者：张卫鹏史学锋邢咏新赵堪兴天津医科大学眼科临床学院天津市眼科医院天津市眼科研究所 300020

目的研究发育过程中大鼠视皮层第2、3层锥体神经元的自发兴奋性突触后电流（sEPSC）变化，探讨生后早期自发性突触活动情况，以及视觉经验在视皮层发育过程中对神经元突触的修饰作用。方法实验研究。应用红外微分干涉相差显微镜（IR—DI... 详细信息

目的研究发育过程中大鼠视皮层第2、3层锥体神经元的自发兴奋性突触后电流（sEPSC）变化，探讨生后早期自发性突触活动情况，以及视觉经验在视皮层发育过程中对神经元突触的修饰作用。方法实验研究。应用红外微分干涉相差显微镜（IR—DIC）结合电耦合式摄像机（CCD—Camera）可视法膜片钳全细胞记录生后2～7d．8—14d、15～21d、22～28d各组sEPSC变化，同时于电极内液中加入0．3％荧光黄对所记录细胞进行染色观察形态学改变。计量资料以均数±标准误表示，经方差齐性检验后，多组样本比较采用单因素方差分析，并进行样本均数间的多重比较。结果4个组视皮层神经元sEPSC幅值分别为（14．13±0．73）、（15．01±0．62）、（19．87±0．75）、（22．09±1．14）pA，随发育逐渐升高（F=20．69，P〈0．01），但2—7d组与8～14d组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05），而睁眼前8～14d组较睁眼后15～21d组幅值比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。4个组视皮层神经元sEPSC频率分别为（1．35±0．05）、（1．33±0．12）、（2．26±0．15）、（2．85±0．12）Hz，随发育逐渐提高（F=87．46，P〈0．01），同样睁眼前8～14d组较睁眼后15—21d组频率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。视皮层第2、3层神经元胞体及突起以及生物电学特性随发育逐渐成熟。结论视觉经验对于视皮层第2、3层神经元及突触发育成熟起了关键性作用。发育早期视皮层第2、3层有一定的α-氨基-3-羟基-5-甲基-4-异皤唑丙酸（ampa）受体功能表达，突触并非完全处于静息状态。

关键词：视皮层神经元兴奋性突触后电位受体 ampa

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突触后钙通路有助于视锥与L型水平细胞间的突触可塑性(英文)

引用

生理学报 2006年第5期58卷 407-414页

作者：黄仕勇胡剑锋龚海庆梁培基中国科学院上海生命科学研究院上海200031 上海交通大学生物医学工程系上海200240

我们实验室以前发现,视网膜视锥与亮度型水平细胞(luminosity-typehorizontalcell,LHC)之间的突触传递效率具有可塑性。重复性刺激红敏视锥增加了LHC对红光的超极化反应幅度,而且这种增强作用是可逆的。在本文中,我们运用细胞内记录技... 详细信息

我们实验室以前发现,视网膜视锥与亮度型水平细胞(luminosity-typehorizontalcell,LHC)之间的突触传递效率具有可塑性。重复性刺激红敏视锥增加了LHC对红光的超极化反应幅度,而且这种增强作用是可逆的。在本文中,我们运用细胞内记录技术和药理学分析的方法来考察重复性红光刺激引起的反应增强的可能机制。当通过胞内注射Ca2+的螯合剂EGTA来降低LHC内的Ca2+浓度后,重复性红光引起的反应增强被抑制,提示突触后钙信号是反应增强的一个重要因素。另外,反应增强现象还可以被钙离子通透的ampa受体(Ca2+-permeableampareceptor,CP-ampaR)的拮抗剂阻断,说明通过钙离子通透的谷氨酸受体内流的Ca2+与胞内Ca2+浓度的改变有关。进一步发现,胞外灌流ryanodine或caffeine也可以消除反应增强现象,说明由钙诱导的钙释放(calcium-inducedcalciumrelease,CICR)引起的钙信号可能也参与了反应增强现象的产生。结果提示,CICR和CP-ampaR与重复性红光刺激引起的LHC对红光的反应增强有关。

关键词： ampa 钙离子神经元可塑性视网膜 ryanodine受体/钙释放通道

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