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部门协同及其共变量对企业业绩和预期行为的影响

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管理评论 2005年第10期17卷 40-45,62页

作者：陆雄文朱宏杰复旦大学管理学院上海200433

本文旨在研究企业部门协同与企业业绩和企业预期行为之间的关系,并深入分析这种关系在共变量影响下的变化。本文的特点是从市场导向理论出发,把部门协同作为一个独立的变量并研究其与企业业绩之间的关系;从中国地区发展的需要出发,考察... 详细信息

本文旨在研究企业部门协同与企业业绩和企业预期行为之间的关系,并深入分析这种关系在共变量影响下的变化。本文的特点是从市场导向理论出发,把部门协同作为一个独立的变量并研究其与企业业绩之间的关系;从中国地区发展的需要出发,考察部门协同对企业在当地的持续性经营行为的影响;研究经济、技术等环境共变量的具体影响。本文在实证的基础上得出以下结论:一,在中国,部门协同与企业业绩之间存在着显著的正相关关系;二,与企业预期行为之间存在着显著的正相关关系;三,以上关系受到共变量的显著影响。

关键词：部门协同企业业绩企业预期行为共变量协同部门共变正相关关系行业预期行为

代谢综合征和抵触情绪对心肌梗死发病率的联合影响:年龄标准化研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 32-33页

作者： Todaro J. F. Con A. Niaura R. 操斌全 Todaro Centers for Behavioral and Preventive Medicine Brown Medical School Miriam Hospital Providence RI United States

A growing body of evidence suggests that the metabolic syndrome and hostility are independent risk factors for the development of coronary heart disease. However, few studies have examined the combined effect of the metabolic syndrome and hostility on the incidence of myocardial infarction(MI). We examined prospectively the relation among the metabolic syndrome, hostility, and the incidence of MI in healthy, older men(mean±SD 59.7±7.2 years) who participated in the Normative Aging Study. Seven hundred fifty-four men who were diagnosed as not having coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus were included in the present study. Men were assigned to 1 of 4 risk-factor groups based on the presence or absence of the metabolic syndrome and low or high hostility. Hierarchical logistic regression was used to assess the multivariate risk of developing a MI. The incidence of MI was 11.3%(n=85) over an average follow-up period of 13.8 years. After adjusting for potential covariates, risk-factor group significantly predicted the incidence of MI(odds ratio 1.59, 95%confidence interval 1.29 to 1.96, p< 0.0001). The effect was strongest among patients who had the metabolic syndrome and high levels of hostility, with this subgroup showing a fourfold increase in the odds of developing a MI(odds ratio 4.21, 95%confidence interval 2.21 to 8.04, p=0.0001). In conclusion, it appears that hostility may provide additional prognostic information to the assessment of coronary heart disease risk in patients with the metabolic syndrome and should routinely be evaluated as part of a comprehensive risk factor assessment.

关键词：代谢综合征预后信息共变量综合评价

应激后心血管功能恢复障碍可预测血压3年升高

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第10期1卷 58-59页

作者： Steptoe A. Marmot M. 王亭忠 Psychobiology Group Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University College London 1- 19 Torrington Place LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom

To assess whether variation in the rate of cardiovascular recovery following exposure to acute psychological stress predicts changes in blood pressure longitudinally, independently of blood pressure at baseline and other covariates. Design: A 3- year longitudinal study. Participants: A total of 209 men and women aged 45- 59 years at baseline, with no history of cardiovascular disease including hypertension. Method: Measurement of blood pressure, heart rate, heart rate variability, cardiac index and total peripheral resistance at rest, during two moderately stressful behavioural tasks and up to 45 min post-stress. Stress reactivity was defined as the difference in values between tasks and baseline, and post-stress recovery as the difference between recovery levels and baseline. Outcome measures: Resting blood pressure measured at baseline and 3 years later. Seven individuals had been prescribed hypertensive medication on follow-up. Results: Increases in systolic blood pressure(SBP) were predicted by impaired post-stress recovery of SBP(P< 0.001), diastolic blood pressure(DBP)(P< 0.001) and total peripheral resistance(P=0.003), independently of baseline blood pressure, age, gender, socio-economic status, hypertensive medication, body mass and smoking. The adjusted odds of an increase in SBP ≥ 5mmHg were 3.50[95% confidence interval(CI) 1.19 to 10.8] for individuals with poor compared with effective post-stress recovery of SBP. Three year increases in diastolic pressure were predicted by impaired recovery of SBP(P< 0.001) and DBP(P=0.009) pressure and by heart rate variability during tasks(P=0.002), independently of covariates. Conclusions: Impaired post-stress recovery and less consistently heightened acute stress reactivity may index disturbances in the regulation of cardiovascular stress responses that contribute to longitudinal changes in blood pressure in middle-aged men and women.

关键词：心血管功能外周血管阻力抗高血压药物率变异性共变量心血管应激反应基线值心脏指数心血管病史纵向研究

母体血清高水平胎儿细胞游离DNA是自然早产的危险因素之一

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（妇产科学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 7-8页

作者： Farina A. LeShane E.S. Romero R. D.W. Bianchi 高雪莲 Division of Genetics Tufts-New England Medical Center Box 394 750 Washington St Boston MA 02111 United States Dr

Objective: This study was conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between the concentration of fetal cell-free DNA in maternal serum and the duration of pregnancy in women who are at high risk for preterm delivery because of either preterm labor or preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Study design: Sera were collected and frozen from 71 women with a male fetus. Maternal serum fetal cell-free DNA concentration was measured with the use of real-time polymerase chain reaction amplification of DYS1. Fetal cell-free DNA concentrations were converted to multiples of the median. The following groups were studied: group 1: women with preterm labor and intact membranes who were delivered at ≥ 36 weeks of gestation (n = 21); group 2: women with preterm labor who were delivered at < 36 weeks of gestation (n = 29); and group 3: women with preterm premature rupture of the membranes in labor (n = 20) or not in labor (n = 1) who were delivered prematurely ( < 36 weeks of gestation). Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to analyze the relationship between fetal cell-free DNA concentrations and the likelihood of preterm delivery. Results: A cut-off value for fetal cell-free DNA of 1.82 multiples of the median was chosen for analysis. The cumulative rate of early preterm delivery ( < 30 weeks of gestation) was significantly higher for women with fetal cell-free DNA concentrations of ≥ 1.82 multiples of the median than those with fetal cell-free DNA concentrations below this cut-off (45% [95% CI, 36% - 74% ] vs 18% [95% CI, 11% - 25% ]; P = .008]. The cumulative rate of preterm delivery ( < 36 weeks of gestation) was also significantly higher at ≥ 1.82 multiples of the median (73% [95% CI, 52% - 93% ] vs 66% [95% CI, 54% - 79% ]; P = .02). After adjustment for covariates, Cox analysis showed that fetal cell-free DNA at ≥ 1.82 multiples of the mechanisms of disease that are associated with a mean hazard rate of delivery of 1.57 (P = .005). Conclusion

关键词：自然早产母体血清胎儿细胞 DNA 早产高危孕妇男性胎儿胎膜早破回归分析法共变量研究设计

清髓性同种异体造血细胞移植术后的血清胆红素水平与死亡率

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（胃肠病学分册） 2005年第6期1卷 50-51页

作者： Gooley T.A. Rajvanshi P. Schoch H.G. McDonald G.B. 杨瑗 Gastroenterology/Hepatology Section Fred Hutchinson Cancer Res. Center 1100 Fairview Avenue North Seattle WA 98109-1024 United States Dr.

Many patients who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation experience liver injury. We examined the association of serum bilirubin levels with nonrelapse mortality by day +200, testing the hypothesis that the duration of jaundice up to a given point in time provides more prognostic information than either the maximum bilirubin value or the value at that point in time. We studied 1,419 consecutive patients transplanted from allogeneic donors. Total serum bilirubin values up to day +100, death, or relapse were retrieved -along with nonrelapse mortality by day +200 as an outcome measure -using Cox regression models with each bilirubin measure modeled as a time-dependent covariate. The bilirubin value at a particular point in time provided the best fit to the model for mortality. With bilirubin at a point in time modeled as an 8th-degree polynomial, an increase in bilirubin from 1 to 3 mg/dL is associated with a mortality hazard ratio of 6.42. An increase from 4 to 6 mg/dL yields a hazard ratio of 2.05, and an increase from 10 to 12 mg/dL yields a hazard ratio of 1.17. Among patients who were deeply jaundiced, survival was related to the absence of multiorgan failure and to higher platelet counts. In conclusion, the value of total serum bilirubin at a particular point in time after transplant carries more informative prognostic information than does the maximum or average value up to that point in time. The increase inmortality for a given increase in bilirubin value is larger when the starting value is lower.

关键词：清髓性造血细胞胆红素值移植术肝损伤预后信息给定时间黄疸持续时间共变量多脏器衰竭

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市场经济需要什么样的意识形态

冶金企业文化 1994年第3期 39-40页

作者：王列

只靠利益联结或只靠意识形态的价值观态维系的人类社会组织,都不可能长久的稳定地存在下去.前者会因为各种利益要来得不到满足而陷入无休无止的社会冲突之中,后者则由于长期漠视利益的存在而丧失热情和活力.一种意识形态,只有当它能够... 详细信息

只靠利益联结或只靠意识形态的价值观态维系的人类社会组织,都不可能长久的稳定地存在下去.前者会因为各种利益要来得不到满足而陷入无休无止的社会冲突之中,后者则由于长期漠视利益的存在而丧失热情和活力.一种意识形态,只有当它能够成功地提出一种明确一致的公正原则,来说服人们相信现存的制度是与正义共存的,才能称之为有效的意识形态.绝对地追求利益最大化的个人理性,也不能简单地直接推导出整体台理的存在.在缺乏共同认可的公正视念支配的情况下,人们往往会对法律和契约采取一种不负责任的投机态度,他们会尽可能地逃避义务,采取一种有害于集体行动的“搭便车”行为.

关键词：人类社会组织直接推导利益联结社会冲突个人理性正义原则行为规范政治认同共变量制度公正

中国市场学会2005-2006年度优秀论文获奖名单

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市场营销导刊 2006年第2期 24-25页

动脉硬化危险基因型与心肌梗死后冠状动脉事件复发

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 29-29页

作者： Moss A. J. Ryan D. Oakes D. 杨海涛 Cardiology Unit University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY United States

The association of a group of prespecified atherosclerotic risk genotypes with recurrent coronary events(coronary-related death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or unstable angina) was investigated in a cohort of 1,008 patients after infarction during an average follow-up of 28 months. We used a carrier-ship approach with time-dependent survivorship analysis to evaluate the average risk of each carried genotype. Contrary to expectation, the hazard ratio for recurrent coronary events per carried versus noncarried genotype was 0.89(95%confidence interval 0.80 to 0.99, p=0.03) after adjustment for relevant genetic, clinical, and environmental covariates. This hazard ratio, derived from the 7 prespecified genotypes, indicated an average 11%reduction in the risk of recurrent coronary events per carried versus noncarried genotype. At 1 year after hospital discharge, the cumulative probability of recurrent coronary events was 26%in those who carried ≤1, 20%for those with 2 to 4, and 13%for those with ≥5 of these genotypes(p=0.02). This unexpected risk reversal is a likely consequence of changes in the mix of risk factors in pre-and postinfarction populations. In conclusion, this under appreciated, population-based, risk-reversal phenomenon may explain the inconsistent associations of genetic risk factors with outcome events in previous reports involving coronary populations with different risk attributes.

关键词：携带者非致死性不稳定型心绞痛生存分析共变量逆转现象分析方法

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新生儿严重高胆红素血症的危险因素

世界核心医学期刊文摘（儿科学分册） 2005年第3期1卷 49-49页

作者：贺莉

亚洲新生儿严重高胆红素血症发生率比白种人高。笔者用病例对照研究来调查已知的8个危险因素[母乳喂养、ABO溶血、早产、感染、头颅血肿、窒息、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏、变异的鸟苷二磷酸-葡萄苷酸基转移酶1A1(UGT1A1)基因]及... 详细信息

亚洲新生儿严重高胆红素血症发生率比白种人高。笔者用病例对照研究来调查已知的8个危险因素[母乳喂养、ABO溶血、早产、感染、头颅血肿、窒息、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏、变异的鸟苷二磷酸-葡萄苷酸基转移酶1A1(UGT1A1)基因]及在台湾地区新生儿严重高胆红素血症中一个可疑的危险因素[有机阴离子输送物2(OATP2)基因]对该病的影响。病例组由72例血清胆红素水平≥342μmol/L的新生儿组成,对照组由医院内血清胆红素水平<256.5μmol/L 的100例新生儿组成。

关键词：头颅血肿磷酸脱氢酶鸟苷二磷酸母乳喂养 ABO 病例对照研究有机阴离子台湾地区酸基共变量