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Effects of herbicide butachlor application on the growth of periphytic biofilms and nitrogen loss in paddy systems

Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 211-221页

作者： Yanhui ZHAO Mingjun LEI Liandong JING Fan XIA Meixia YAN Jiantong LIU Yonghong WU Yunli WU Chenxi WU Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific research Center Yangtze Basin Ecology and Environment AdministrationMinistry of Ecological and EnvironmentWuhan 430010China College of Chemistry and Environmental Protection Engineering Southwest Minzu UniversityChengdu 610041China state key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430072China state key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

The application of butachlor as an herbicide in paddy fields is widely practiced,aiming to increase rice yield by directly or indirectly influencing the paddy *** biofilms,which form at the soil-water interface in paddy fields,are complex bioaggregates that play an important role in nitrogen (N) *** objective of this study was to investigate the effect of butachlor on periphytic biofilm growth and N cycling under both light and dark conditions in the *** results revealed that butachlor application hindered the growth of periphytic biofilms and led to the dominance of Cyanobacteria as the primary prokaryotes,while inhibiting the development of eukaryotic ***,the application of butachlor reduced the richness and diversity of prokaryotes,but increased those of eukaryotes in periphytic *** light treatments exhibited higher total N loss because light favored periphytic biofilm growth and enhanced ammonium (NH_(4)^(+)) assimilation and ***,butachlor application resulted in the increased retention of NH_(4)^(+)-N and nitrate (NO_(3)^(-))-N and an increase in N loss via *** abundances of functional genes encoding enzymes such as ammonia monooxygenase,nitrite reductase,and nitrous oxide reductase were increased by butachlor application,favoring nitrification and denitrification ***,the results suggest that butachlor application leads to an increase in total N loss mainly through denitrification in paddy systems,particularly in the presence of periphytic ***,the results may provide valuable insights into the changes in periphytic biofilm growth and N cycling induced by butachlor,and future studies can further explore the potential implications of these changes in paddy soils.

关键词： ammonia-oxidizing bacteria amoA denitrification denitrifying bacteria nirK nitrification nitrogen cycling nosZ volatilization

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Magnetocaloric effect and phase transition critical behavior of La0.75Sr0.25Mn0.9Co0.1O3 compound synthesized under the high pressure

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Tungsten 2024年第3期6卷 621-632页

作者： Jing Zhao Lei Gao Jian-Jun Zhao Wei Wei Hui-Qin Yun Ru Xing Huai-Jin Ma Xiang Jin Luo-Meng Chao School of Physical Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials for Higher Education in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Baotou Teachers' College National key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource research and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths School of Physics and Electronic Information Inner Mongolia Normal University College of Science Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology

In this study,a novel method is proposed for producing perovskite rare-earth manganese oxide magnetic refrigeration materials that exhibit superior properties compared to similar *** maximum magnetic entropy change values for this sample are 1.44 and 3.75 J·kg-1·K-1for magnetic fields of 2 and 7 T,***,its relative cooling power has been calculated to be 101.96 and 404.78 J·kg-1,indicating good *** results were obtained using the sample synthesized under a pressure of 4 GPa,and the sample has undergone a second phase *** critical behavior of the sample fits well with the mean field *** different magnetic fields,there is a significant overlap between the values of the maximum magnetic entropy change and the temperature-averaged entropy change,indicating that the refrigeration performance of the sample after high pressure can approach its maximum capability.

关键词： High-pressure synthesis Magnetocaloric effect Relative cooling power Magnetic phase transition

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Structural and magnetic properties of micropolycrystalline cobalt thin films fabricated by direct current magnetron sputtering

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第2期31卷 384-394页

作者： Kerui Song Zhou Li Mei Fang Zhu Xiao Qian Lei School of Materials Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China state key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan key Laboratory of Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process School of Physics and electronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China key Laboratory of Non-Ferrous Metal Materials Science and Engineering Ministry of EducationChangsha 410083China

Pure cobalt(Co)thin films were fabricated by direct current magnetron sputtering,and the effects of sputtering power and pres-sure on the microstructure and electromagnetic properties of the films were *** the sputtering power increases from 15 to 60 W,the Co thin films transition from an amorphous to a polycrystalline state,accompanied by an increase in the intercrystal pore ***,the resistivity decreases from 276 to 99μΩ·cm,coercivity increases from 162 to 293 Oe,and in-plane magnetic aniso-tropy *** the sputtering pressure decreases from 1.6 to 0.2 Pa,grain size significantly increases,resistivity significantly de-creases,and the coercivity significantly increases(from 67 to 280 Oe),which can be attributed to the increase in defect ***-pondingly,a quantitative model for the coercivity of Co thin films was *** polycrystalline films sputtered under pressures of 0.2 and 0.4 Pa exhibit significant in-plane magnetic anisotropy,which is primarily attributable to increased microstress.

关键词： cobalt thin film magnetron sputtering microstructure electromagnetic properties

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High Impedance Fault Detection Based on Attention Mechanism and Object Identification

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 197-207页

作者： Yongjie Zhang Xiaojun Wang Yiping Luo Dahai Zhang Sohrab Mirsaeidi Jinghan He School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China

Detection of high impedance faults(HIFs)has been traditionally a main challenge in the protection of distribution systems,since they do not generate enough current to be reliably detected by conventional over-current ***-based methods are alternative HIF detection methods which avoid threshold settings by training a classification or regression ***,most of them lack interpretability and are not compatible with various distribution *** paper proposes an object detection-based HIF detection method,which has higher visualization and can be easily applied to different ***,based on the analysis of HIFs,a Butterworth band-pass filter is designed for HIF harmonic feature ***,based on the synchronized data provided by distribution-level phasor measurement units,global HIF feature gray-scale images are formed through combining the topology information of the distribution *** further enhance the feature information,a locally excitatory globally inhibitory oscillator region attention mechanism(LEGIO-RAM)is proposed to highlight the critical feature regions and inhibit useless and fake ***,an object detection network based You Only Look Once(YOLO)v2 is established to achieve fast HIF detection and section *** obtained results from the simulation of the proposed approach on three different distribution networks and one realistic distribution network verify that the proposed method is highly effective in terms of reliability and generalization.

关键词： Attention mechanism distribution-level phasor measurement units high impedance faults object detection

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A new insight into LPSO phase transformation and mechanical properties uniformity of large-scale Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy prepared by multi-pass friction stir processing

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 2041-2056页

作者： Xiaohu Guan Wen Wang Ting Zhang Pai Peng Qiang Liu Peng Han Ke Qiao Jun Cai Liqiang Wang Kuaishe Wang School of Metallurgical Engineering National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials ProcessingXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyNo.13 Yanta RoadXi’anShaanxi 710055China Xi’an Rare Metal Materials Institute Co.Ltd Xi’an 710016China state key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Material Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.800 Dongchuan RoadShanghai 200240China

A large-scale fine-grained Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy plate with high strength and ductility was successfully prepared by multi-pass friction stir processing(MFSP)technology in this *** structure of grains and long period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase were characterized,and the mechanical properties uniformity was ***,a quantitative relationship between the microstructure and tensile yield strength was *** results showed that the grains in the processed zone(PZ)and interfacial zone(IZ)were refined from 50μm to 3μm and 4μm,respectively,and numerous original LPSO phases were *** IZ,some block-shaped 18R LPSO phases were transformed into needle-like 14H LPSO phases due to stacking faults and the short-range diffusion of solute *** severe shear deformation in the form of kinetic energy caused profuse stacking fault to be generated and move rapidly,greatly increasing the transformation rate of LPSO *** MFSP,the ultimate tensile strength,yield strength and elongation to failure of the large-scale plate were 367 MPa,305 MPa and 18.0% *** refinement and LPSO phase strengthening were the major strengthening mechanisms for the MFSP *** particularly,the strength of IZ was comparable to that of PZ because the strength contribution of the 14H LPSO phase offsets the lack of grain refinement strengthening in *** result opposes the widely accepted notion that IZ is a weak region in MFSP-prepared large-scale fine-grained plate.

关键词： Friction stir processing Multi-pass Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy LPSO phase transformation Mechanical properties

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QAAS:quick accurate auto-scaling for streaming processing

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第1期18卷 5-15页

作者： Shiyuan LIU Yunchun LI Hailong YANG Ming DUN Chen CHEN Huaitao ZHANG Wei LI state key Laboratory of Software development Environment Beijing 100191China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Cyber Science and Technology Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China

In recent years,the demand for real-time data processing has been increasing,and various stream processing systems have *** the amount of data input to the stream processing system fluctuates,the computing resources required by the stream processing job will also *** resources used by stream processing jobs need to be adjusted according to load changes,avoiding the waste of computing *** present,existing works adjust stream processing jobs based on the assumption that there is a linear relationship between the operator parallelism and operator resource consumption(e.g.,throughput),which makes a significant deviation when the operator parallelism *** paper proposes a nonlinear model to represent operator *** divide the operator performance into three stages,the Non-competition stage,the Non-full competition stage,and the Full competition *** our proposed performance model,given the parallelism of the operator,we can accurately predict the CPU utilization and operator *** with actual experiments,the prediction error of our model is below 5%.We also propose a quick accurate auto-scaling(QAAS)method that uses the operator performance model to implement the auto-scaling of the operator parallelism of the Flink *** to previous work,QAAS is able to maintain stable job performance under load changes,minimizing the number of job adjustments and reducing data backlogs by 50%.

关键词： stream processing performance model auto-scaling

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Transient Stability Analysis of Converter-based Islanded Microgrids Based on Iterative Equal Area Criterion Considering Reactive Power Loop Dynamics and Varying Damping

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2024年第4期12卷 1170-1182页

作者： Xilin Li Jingyi Zhang Zhen Tian Xiaoming Zha Wei Wang Meng Huang Chong Shao Hubei key Laboratory of Power Equipment&System Security for Integrated Energy School of Electrical Engineering and AutomationWuhan UniversityWuhanChina NARI Technology Co. Ltd.NanjingChina state Grid Gansu Electric Power Company LanzhouChina

With the rapid increase in the installed capacity of renewable energy in modern power systems,the stable operation of power systems with considerable power electronic equipment requires further *** converter-based islanded mi-crogrid(CIM)systems equipped with grid-following(GFL)and grid-forming(GFM)voltage-source converters(VSCs),it is chal-lenging to maintain stability due to the mutual coupling effects between different VSCs and the loss of voltage and frequency sup-port from the power *** previous studies,quantitative transient stability analysis was primarily used to assess the active power loop of ***,frequency and voltage dy-namics are found to be strongly coupled,which strongly affects the estimation result of stability *** addition,the vary-ing damping terms have not been fully *** bridge these gaps,this paper investigates the transient stability of CIM consid-ering reactive power loop dynamics and varying ***,an accuracy-enhanced nonlinear model of the CIM is derived based on the effects of reactive power loop and post-disturbance frequency jump *** these effects will elimi-nates the risk of *** reactive power loop dynamics make the model coefficients be no longer constant and thus vary with the power *** evaluate quantitatively the effects of re-active power loop and varying damping on the transient stability of CIM,an iterative criterion based on the equal area criterion theory is *** addition,the effects of parameters on the stable boundary of power system are analyzed,and the dynamic interaction mechanisms are *** and experiment results verify the merits of the proposed method.

关键词： Transient stability converter iterative criterion reactive power loop post-disturbance frequency jump

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Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron(nZVI)for Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment:A Perspective

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Engineering 2024年第5期36卷 16-20页

作者： Shaolin Li Lei Li Weixian Zhang state key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

Industries such as non-ferrous metal smelting discharge billions of gallons of highly toxic heavy metal wastewater(HMW)worldwide annually,posing a severe challenge to conventional wastewater treatment plants and harming the *** is traditionally treated via chemical precipitation using lime,caustic,or sulfide,but the effluents do not meet the increasingly stringent discharge *** issue has spurred an increase in research and the development of innovative treatment technologies,among which those using nanoparticles receive particular *** such initiatives,treatment using nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)is one of the best *** nZVI is already well known for its site-remediation use,this perspective highlights its application in HMW treatment with metal *** demonstrate several advantages of nZVI in this wastewater application,including its multifunctionality in sequestrating a wide array of metal(loid)s(>30 species);its capability to capture and enrich metal(loid)s at low concentrations(with a removal capacity reaching 500 mg·g^(-1)nZVI);and its operational convenience due to its unique *** these advantages are attributable to nZVI’s diminutive nanoparticle size and/or its unique iron *** also present the first engineering practice of this application,which has treated millions of cubic meters of HMW and recovered tons of valuable metals(e.g.,Cu and Au).It is concluded that nZVI is a potent reagent for treating HMW and that nZVI technology provides an eco-solution to this toxic waste.

关键词： Nanoscale zero-valent iron Wastewater Heavy metal Resource recovery

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Mixing effects of high-speed jets in gas-solid riser and downer reactors

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Particuology 2024年第9期92卷 196-209页

作者： Zihan Yan Dongdong Wang Lining Wu Chunxi Lu College of Chemical Engineering and Environment State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil ProcessingChina University of Petroleum-BeijingBeijing102249China

For the high-temperature and short-contact time gas-solid reaction process,riser and downer are considered appropriate *** realize an intensive and complete mixing of reactants with catalysts,the feed raw is always introduced in the form of high-speed *** this study,in order to investigate the mixing effects of different types of high-speed jets in riser and downer,traceable ozone is injected with the high-speed feed jets to react with catalyst *** detecting the decomposition of ozone,the gas-solid mixing and reaction in riser and downer under the influence of both co-current and counter-current injections are *** relative ozone concentration is used to reflect the location reaction extent and its radial nonuniformity index is proposed to compare the results in riser and *** is found that the jet influence zone in downer provides a relatively better environment for the mixing of feed jets with *** the riser,introduction of counter-current injections could improve the uniformity of gas-solid mixing in the initial contact region of feed with catalysts.

关键词： Riser Downer Gas-solid two-phase flow Jet

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Point Cloud Classification Using Content-Based Transformer via Clustering in Feature Space

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第1期11卷 231-239页

作者： Yahui Liu Bin Tian Yisheng Lv Lingxi Li Fei-Yue Wang the state key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 the School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 IEEE the Transportation and Autonomous Systems Institute(TASI)and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue School of Engineering and TechnologyIndiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis(IUPUI)Indianapolis 46202 USA

Recently, there have been some attempts of Transformer in 3D point cloud classification. In order to reduce computations, most existing methods focus on local spatial attention,but ignore their content and fail to establish relationships between distant but relevant points. To overcome the limitation of local spatial attention, we propose a point content-based Transformer architecture, called PointConT for short. It exploits the locality of points in the feature space(content-based), which clusters the sampled points with similar features into the same class and computes the self-attention within each class, thus enabling an effective trade-off between capturing long-range dependencies and computational complexity. We further introduce an inception feature aggregator for point cloud classification, which uses parallel structures to aggregate high-frequency and low-frequency information in each branch separately. Extensive experiments show that our PointConT model achieves a remarkable performance on point cloud shape classification. Especially, our method exhibits 90.3% Top-1 accuracy on the hardest setting of ScanObjectN N. Source code of this paper is available at https://***/yahuiliu99/PointC onT.

关键词： Content-based Transformer deep learning feature aggregator local attention point cloud classification

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