检索结果-南通市图书馆

The Lung Microbiome:A Potential Target in Regulating Autoimmune Inflammation of the Brain

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第11期38卷 1435-1437页

作者： Luoman Yang Shu Feng Chongyun Wu Luodan Yang Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science School of Physical Education and Sports ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Anesthesiology Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100083China Department of Neurology Louisiana State University Health Sciences CenterShreveportLA 71103USA

Under normal conditions,the immune system protects the brain from outside invaders,including viruses,bacteria,toxins,and ***,an abnormal immune response within the brain affects its function and contributes to the pro... 详细信息

关键词： Lung Autoimmune immune

Humans influence shrimp movement: a conservation behavior case study with "Shrimp Watching" ecotourism

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2022年第2期68卷 169-176页

作者： Watcharapong HONGJAMRASSILP Daniel T.BLUMSTEIN Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095-1606USA

An increase in ecotourism adversely impacts many animals and contributes to biodiversity *** mitigate these impacts,we illustrate the application of a conservation behavior framework toward the development of a sustainable ecotourism management *** Ubon Ratchathani,Thailand,thousands of tourists annually come to see a unique mass migration of shrimps on land(referred to as"shrimp parading").Preliminary work suggests that this tourism has negatively impacted the *** reduce tourism-related impacts we studied:1)the decisions shrimps make when parading and 2)how shrimps respond to different light intensities and *** created an artificial stream and tested the conditions that influence parading by experimentally varying the presence of light and systematically manipulating water velocity(10,60,and 100cm/s).Additionally,we conducted an in situ experiment to study how shrimps respond to tourists'lights under three intensities(50,400,and 9,000 lux)and five colors(white,blue,green,orange,and red).We found most shrimps prefer to leave the river when it is dark and there is low water *** responded the least to red (λmax=630 nm>and orange(λmax=625 nm)light at 50 *** findings were used to develop a management plan by creating three different tourist zones,which maximize tourist needs and minimize the anthropogenic impacts on the *** work could be used as an example of the application of conservation behavior framework in developing management plan for sustainable ecotourism for other invertebrate taxa.

关键词： anthropogenic light caridean shrimps collective behavior freshwater prawn migration nature-based tourism

Microglial SIRPα Deletion Facilitates Synapse Loss in Preclinical Models of Neurodegeneration

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neuroscience Bulletin 2022年第2期38卷 232-234页

作者： Chongyun Wu Luodan Yang Hannah Youngblood Timon Cheng-Yi Liu Rui Duan Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine in Sports Science School of Physical Education and Sports ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912USA Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy Medical College of GeorgiaAugusta UniversityAugustaGA 30912USA

Microglia,the principal immune cells in the brain,play a vital role in the development and homeostasis of the central nervous system[1,2].During early brain development,microglia-mediated synapse pruning contributes to eliminating excess synapses that are unnecessary in adulthood[3].Excessive microglia-mediated pruning in the adult brain is implicated in neurodegeneration-associated behav・ioral deficits[4,5].

关键词： degeneration homeostasis clinical

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells in Alzheimer’s disease:from physiology to pathology

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Translational Neurodegeneration 2023年第1期12卷 134-153页

作者： Peibin Zou Chongyun Wu Timon Cheng-Yi Liu Rui Duan Luodan Yang Laboratory of Exercise and Neurobiology School of Physical Education and Sports ScienceSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510006China Department of Neurology Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center1501 Kings HighwayShreveportLA 71103USA

Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells(OPCs)play pivotal roles in myelin formation and phagocytosis,communicating with neighboring cells and contributing to the integrity of the blood-brain barrier(BBB).However,under the pathological circumstances of Alzheimer’s disease(AD),the brain’s microenvironment undergoes detrimental changes that significantly impact OPCs and their *** with OPC functions,we delve into the transformation of OPCs to myelin-producing oligodendrocytes,the intricate signaling interactions with other cells in the central nervous system(CNS),and the fascinating process of phagocytosis,which influences the function of OPCs and affects CNS ***,we discuss the essential role of OPCs in BBB formation and highlight the critical contribution of OPCs in forming CNS-protective *** the context of AD,the deterioration of the local microenvironment in the brain is discussed,mainly focusing on neuroinflammation,oxidative stress,and the accumulation of toxic *** detrimental changes disturb the delicate balance in the brain,impacting the regenerative capacity of OPCs and compromising myelin *** pathological conditions,OPCs experience significant alterations in migration and proliferation,leading to impaired differentiation and a reduced ability to produce mature ***,myelin degeneration and formation become increasingly active in AD,contributing to progressive ***,we summarize the current therapeutic approaches targeting OPCs in *** to revitalize OPC senescence,modulate signaling pathways to enhance OPC differentiation,and explore other potential therapeutic avenues are promising in alleviating the impact of AD on OPCs and CNS *** conclusion,this review highlights the indispensable role of OPCs in CNS function and their involvement in the pathogenesis of *** intricate interplay between OPCs and the AD brain microenvironment underscores the complex

关键词： Oligodendrocyte progenitor cells Alzheimer’s disease Senescence Microenvironment

Latitudinal and seasonal variation in reproductive effort of the eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus)

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrative Zoology 2014年第3期9卷 360-371页

作者： Weiguo DU Travis R.ROBBINS Daniel A.WARNER Tracy LANGKILDE Richard SHINE Key Lab of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Department of Biology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Ecology Evolution and Organismal BiologyIowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA School of Biological Sciences University of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Geographic variation in life-history traits among populations of wide-ranging species is influenced by both spatial and temporal aspects of the environment. Rarely, however, are the effects of both aspects examined concurrently. We collected gravid female lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) from northern (Indiana), central (Mississippi) and southern (Florida) populations, spanning nearly the full latitudinal range of the species, to examine among-population differences in strategies of reproductive energy allocation. Adult females from the southern population were smaller, and produced fewer and smaller eggs in their first clutches than did females from the more northern populations. Southern females were more likely to produce a second clutch, and second clutches were smaller than first clutches for females from the 2 northern populations. Together these trends eliminated population differences in overall reproductive output after accounting for body size. The trend for greater reproductive energy to be allocated to first clutches at higher latitudes, and to later clutches at lower latitudes is corroborated by published data from field studies on multiple populations. Distributing reproductive effort by producing more clutches of smaller eggs may be an adaptive response to the long season available for egg incubation and lizard activity in sub-tropical southern environments. In contrast, allocating greater resources to early reproduction may enhance maternal fitness in the relatively short activity seasons that characterize more northern sites.

关键词： clutch size geographic variation local adaptation offspring size reproductive investment

Intra-tooth stable isotope analysis reveals seasonal dietary variability and niche partitioning among bushpigs/red river hogs and warthogs

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Current Zoology 2024年第6期70卷 739-751页

作者： Deming Yang Kevin T.Uno Thure E.Cerling Ogeto Mwebi Louise N.Leakey Frederick E.Grine Antoine Souron Interdepartmental Doctoral program in Anthropological Sciences Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794USA Department of Geology and Geophysics University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA Division of Anthropology American Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNY 10024USA Division of Biology and Paleo Environment Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY 10964USA Department of Human Evolutionary Biology Harvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA Osteology Section Department of ZoologyNational Museums of KenyaP.O.Box 40658-00100 NairobiKenya The Turkana Basin Institute P.O.Box 24467–00502 NairobiKenya Department of Anthropology Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794USA Department of Anatomical Sciences Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook UniversityStony BrookNY 11794USA University of Bordeaux CNRSMinistère de la CulturePACEAUMR 5199F-33600 PessacFrance

How animals respond to seasonal resource availability has profound implications for their dietary flexibility and realized ecological *** sought to understand seasonal dietary niche partitioning in extant African suids using intra-tooth stable isotope analysis of *** collected enamel samples from canines of red river hogs/bushpigs(Potamochoerus spp.)and third molars of warthogs(Phacochoerus spp.)in 3 different regions of central and eastern *** analyzed multiple samples from each tooth and used variations in stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios(δ^(13)C andδ^(18)O)and covariances between them to infer seasonal dietary *** found that most Phacochoerus display C_(4)-dominated diets,while most Potamochoerus display C_(3)-dominated *** and Potamochoerus that co-occur in the same region display no overlap in intra-toothδ^(13)C,which suggests dietary niche *** also show divergingδ^(13)C values as the dry seasons progress and convergingδ^(13)C values during the peak of the rainy seasons,which suggests a greater dietary niche separation during the dry seasons when resources are scarce than during the rainy *** found statistically significant cross-correlations between intra-toothδ^(13)C andδ^(18)O in most *** also observed a temporal lag betweenδ^(13)C andδ^(18)O in some *** study demonstrates that intra-tooth stable isotope analysis is a promising approach to investigate seasonal dietary niche ***,large inter-individual variations inδ^(18)O at certain localities can be challenging to *** studies that expand the intra-tooth stable isotope surveys or include controlled feeding experiments will improve its application in ecological studies.

关键词： dietary ecology niche partitioning Phacochoerus Potamochoerus seasonality

Scientific observations at total solar eclipses

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2009年第6期9卷 613-634页

作者： Jay M. Pasachoff Williams College-Hopkins Observatory Williamstown Massachusetts 01267 USA California Institute of Technology 150-21 Pasadena CA 91125

The occasion of the longest totality of an eclipse in the 18 yr 11^1/3 d saros cycle leads to taking stock of the scientific value of ground-based eclipse observations in this space age. Though a number of space satellites from the U.S., Europe, Japan, and Russia study the Sun, scientists at eclipses can observe the solar chromosphere and corona at higher spatial resolution, at higher temporal resolution, and at higher spectral resolution than are possible aloft. Furthermore, eclipse expeditions can transport a wide variety of state-of-the-art equipment to the path of totality. Thus, for at least some years to come, solar eclipse observations will remain both scientifically valuable and cost-effective ways to study the outer solar atmosphere.

关键词： Sun eclipses

Rapid preparation of carbon-supported ruthenium nanoparticles by magnetic induction heating for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction in both acidic and alkalinemedia

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

SusMat 2022年第3期2卷 335-346页

作者： Qiming Liu Bingzhang Lu Forrest Nichols Jeffrey Ko Rene Mercado Frank Bridges Shaowei Chen Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA Department of Physics University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCaliforniaUSA

Ruthenium has been hailed as a competitive alternative for platinum toward hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),a critical process in electrochemical water *** this study,we successfully prepare metallic Ru nanoparticles supported on carbon paper by utilizing a novel magnetic induction heating(MIH)*** samples are obtained within seconds,featuring a Cl-enriched surface that is unattainable via conventional thermal *** best sample within the series shows a remarkable HER activity in both acidic and alkaline media with an overpotential of only-23 and-12 mV to reach the current density of 10 mA/cm^(2),highly comparable to that of the Pt/C *** studies based on density functional theory show that the excellent electrocatalytic activity is accounted by the surface metal-Cl species that facilitate charge transfer and downshift the d-band *** from this study highlight the unique advantages of MIH in rapid sample preparation,where residual anion ligands play a critical role in manipulating the electronic properties of the metal surfaces and the eventual electrocatalytic activity.

关键词： Cl-enriched surface density functional theory hydrogen evolution reaction magnetic induction heating ruthenium

大汶口文化时期贝丘遗址生业方式试析——北阡遗址人骨跪距面的启示

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

东方考古 2019年 239-250页

作者：樊榕赵永生王芬宋艳波栾丰实靳桂云林玉海耶鲁大学人类学系山东大学考古学系青岛市文物保护考古研究所

骨骼职业应力标志通常指频繁而长期的活动在个体骨骼上留下的痕迹,这种非特异性痕迹对个体生前所经常从事的活动有一定的指示意义。跪距面作为职业应力标志的其中一种,通常是足部跖趾关节由于频繁的超背屈姿势而在跖骨远端上侧留下的小... 详细信息

骨骼职业应力标志通常指频繁而长期的活动在个体骨骼上留下的痕迹,这种非特异性痕迹对个体生前所经常从事的活动有一定的指示意义。跪距面作为职业应力标志的其中一种,通常是足部跖趾关节由于频繁的超背屈姿势而在跖骨远端上侧留下的小平面,严重时甚至会发展成关节炎。在北阡遗址大汶口文化时期的10座二次葬的56个个体中,在至少能代表8个个体的足骨上发现有跪距面痕迹。结合其他多学科手段对北阡遗址社会发展程度及其生业模式的综合研究成果,笔者推测史前时期北阡遗址的跪距面有可能与加工食物和打渔相关,与历史时期在社会高阶层社会群体中普遍流行的跪踞现象并非同一种原因造成。

关键词：大汶口文化时期北阡遗址人骨跪距面生业方式