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Melatonin improves synapse development by PI3K/Akt signaling in a mouse model of autism spectrum disorder

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1618-1624页

作者： Luyi Wang Man Xu Yan Wang Feifei Wang Jing Deng Xiaoya Wang Yu Zhao Ailing Liao Feng Yang Shali Wang Yingbo Li Institute of Neuroscience Department of PhysiologySchool of Basic Medical ScienceChongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Pediatric Chongqing University Fuling HospitalChongqingChina Department of Neurosurgery Xinqiao HospitalArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Pathology Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical CollegeNanchongSichuan ProvinceChina NHC Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Reproductive Health Chongqing Population and Family Planning Science and Technology Research InstituteChongqingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina

Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders involving more than 1100 genes,including Ctnnd2 as a candidate gene.Ctnnd2knockout mice,serving as an animal model of autis m,have been demonstrated to exhibit decreased density of dendritic spines.The role of melatonin,as a neuro hormone capable of effectively alleviating social interaction deficits and regulating the development of dendritic spines,in Ctnnd2 deletion-induced nerve injury remains unclea r.In the present study,we discove red that the deletion of exon 2 of the Ctnnd2 gene was linked to social interaction deficits,spine loss,impaired inhibitory neurons,and suppressed phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt) signal pathway in the prefrontal cortex.Our findings demonstrated that the long-term oral administration of melatonin for 28 days effectively alleviated the aforementioned abnormalities in Ctnnd2 gene-knockout mice.Furthermore,the administration of melatonin in the prefro ntal cortex was found to improve synaptic function and activate the PI3K/Akt signal pathway in this region.The pharmacological blockade of the PI3K/Akt signal pathway with a PI3K/Akt inhibitor,wo rtmannin,and melatonin receptor antagonists,luzindole and 4-phenyl-2-propionamidotetralin,prevented the melatonin-induced enhancement of GABAergic synaptic function.These findings suggest that melatonin treatment can ameliorate GABAe rgic synaptic function by activating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway,which may contribute to the improvement of dendritic spine abnormalities in autism spectrum disorders.

关键词： autism Ctnnd2 deletion GABAergic neurons melatonin PI3K/Akt signal pathway prefrontal cortex social behavior spine density synaptic-associated proteins

Assessment of tree-ring mercury radial translocation and age effect in Masson pine:Implications for historical atmospheric mercury reconstruction

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Journal of Environmental sciences 2024年第4期138卷 266-276页

作者： Xu Liu Xun Wang Dingyong Wang College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

The tree ring has been regarded as an emerging archive to reconstruct historical atmospheric mercury(Hg)trends,but with the large knowledge gaps in the reliability.In this study,we comprehensively evaluated the Hg source,radial translocation and age effect of Masson pine(Pinus massoniana)tree ring at Mt.Jinyun in chongqing,to assess the suitability of such tree ring as the archive of atmospheric Hg.Results showed that distinct variabilities among Masson pine tree-ring Hg concentration profiles.The Hg concentration significantly increased along with stem height(Pchongqing.We finally suggest that in further Hg dendrochemistry,better discarding the tree-ring Hg profile of the young growth period to reduce impacts of the radial translocation and age effect.

关键词： Masson pine Tree-ring mercury Radial translocation Tree age effect

Targeting ASIC1a Promotes Neural Progenitor Cell Migration and Neurogenesis in Ischemic Stroke

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 369-387页

作者： Hongfei Ge Tengyuan Zhou Chao Zhang Yupeng Cun Weixiang Chen Yang Yang Qian Zhang Huanhuan Li Jun Zhong Xuyang Zhang Hua Feng Rong Hu Department of Neurosurgery and Key Laboratory of Neurotrauma Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)400038 ChongqingChina Medical Research Center Southwest HospitalThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)400038 ChongqingChina Pediatric Research Institute Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersChildren’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University400014 ChongqingChina

Cell replacement therapy using neural progenitor cells(NPCs)has been shown to be an effective treatment for ischemic stroke.However,the therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory due to the imbalanced homeostasis of the local microenvironment after ischemia.Microenvironmental acidosis is a common imbalanced homeostasis in the penumbra and could activate acid-sensing ion channels 1a(ASIC1a),a subunit of proton-gated cation channels following ischemic stroke.However,the role of ASIC1a in NPCs post-ischemia remains elusive.Here,our results indicated that ASIC1a was expressed in NPCs with channel functionality,which could be activated by extracellular acidification.Further evidence revealed that ASIC1a activation inhibited NPC migration and neurogenesis through RhoA signaling-mediated reorganization of filopodia formation,which could be primarily reversed by pharmacological or genetic disruption of ASIC1a.In vivo data showed that the knockout of the ASIC1a gene facilitated NPC migration and neurogenesis in the penumbra to improve behavioral recovery after stroke.

关键词： ASIC1a homeostasis inhibited

Emerging perovskite materials for supercapacitors:Structure,synthesis,modification,advanced characterization,theoretical calculation and electrochemical performance

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 41-70,I0003页

作者： Yuehua Qian Qingqing Ruan Mengda Xue Lingyun Chen Department of Applied Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China

As a new generation electrode materials for energy storage,perovskites have attracted wide attention because of their unique crystal structure,reversible active sites,rich oxygen vacancies,and good stability.In this review,the design and engineering progress of perovskite materials for supercapacitors(SCs)in recent years is summarized.Specifically,the review will focus on four types of perovskites,perovskite oxides,halide perovskites,fluoride perovskites,and multi-perovskites,within the context of their intrinsic structure and corresponding electrochemical performance.A series of experimental variables,such as synthesis,crystal structure,and electrochemical reaction mechanism,will be carefully analyzed by combining various advanced characterization techniques and theoretical calculations.The applications of these materials as electrodes are then featured for various SCs.Finally,we look forward to the prospects and challenges of perovskite-type SCs electrodes,as well as the future research direction.

关键词： Perovskite Modification engineering Oxygen vacancy Theoretical calculation methodology Supercapacitor

Emerging two-dimensional Mo-based materials for rechargeable metal-ion batteries:Advances and perspectives

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第2期89卷 487-518,I0012页

作者： Qingqing Ruan Yuehua Qian Mengda Xue Lingyun Chen Qichun Zhang Department of Applied Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China Department of Materials science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong999077Hong KongChina

With the rapid development of rechargeable metal-ion batteries(MIBs)with safety,stability and high energy density,significant efforts have been devoted to exploring high-performance electrode materials.In recent years,two-dimensional(2D)molybdenum-based(Mo-based)materials have drawn considerable attention due to their exceptional characteristics,including low cost,unique crystal structure,high theoretical capacity and controllable chemical compositions.However,like other transition metal compounds,Mo-based materials are facing thorny challenges to overcome,such as slow electron/ion transfer kinetics and substantial volume changes during the charge and discharge processes.In this review,we summarize the recent progress in developing emerging 2D Mo-based electrode materials for MIBs,encompassing oxides,sulfides,selenides,carbides.After introducing the crystal structure and common synthesis methods,this review sheds light on the charge storage mechanism of several 2D Mo-based materials by various advanced characterization techniques.The latest achievements in utilizing 2D Mo-based materials as electrode materials for various MIBs(including lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)and zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs))are discussed in detail.Afterwards,the modulation strategies for enhancing the electrochemical performance of 2D Mo-based materials are highlighted,focusing on heteroatom doping,vacancies creation,composite coupling engineering and nanostructure design.Finally,we present the existing challenges and future research directions for 2D Mo-based materials to realize high-performance energy storage systems.

关键词： Molybdenum-based materials Two-dimensional materials Lithium-ion batteries Sodium-ion batteries Zinc-ion batteries

Mulberry Biomass-Derived Nanomedicines Mitigate Colitis through Improved Inflamed Mucosa Accumulation and Intestinal Microenvironment Modulation

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 791-807页

作者： Wenjing Yang Ya Ma Haiting Xu Zhenhua Zhu Jiaxue Wu Cheng Xu Wei Sun Erhu Zhao Min Wang Rui L.Reis Subhas C.Kundu Xiaoxiao Shi Bo Xiao State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology College of SericultureTextileand Biomass SciencesSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China chongqing Key Laboratory of Soft-Matter Material Chemistry and Function Manufacturing Faculty of Materials and EnergySouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang UniversityNanchang 330006China Bs Research Group I3Bs—Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineAveParkBarco 4805-017GuimaraesPortugal ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory BragaGuimarãesPortugal

The therapeutic outcomes of conventional oral medications against ulcerative colitis(UC)are restricted by inefficient drug delivery to the colitis mucosa and weak capacity to modulate the inflammatory microenvironment.Herein,a fluorinated pluronic(FP127)was synthesized and employed to functionalize the surface of mulberry leaf-derived nanoparticles(MLNs)loading with resveratrol nanocrystals(RNs).The obtained FP127@RN-MLNs possessed exosome-like morphologies,desirable particle sizes(around 171.4 nm),and negatively charged surfaces(−14.8 mV).The introduction of FP127 to RN-MLNs greatly improved their stability in the colon and promoted their mucus infiltration and mucosal penetration capacities due to the unique fluorine effect.

关键词： fluorine sizes Biomass

A novel topology with controllable wideband baseband impedance for power amplifiers

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第2期25卷 308-315页

作者： Yao YAO Zhijiang DAI Mingyu LI School of Intelligent Technology and Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing400065China School of Microelectronics and Communication Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing400065China

This paper presents a novel topology to control the baseband impedance of a power amplifier(PA)to avoid performance deterioration in concurrent dual-band mode.This topology can avoid pure resonance of capacitors and inductors LC,which leads to a high impedance at some frequency points.Consequently,it can be applied to transmitters that are excited by broadband signals.In particular,by adjusting the circuit parameters and increasing stages,the impedance of the key frequency bands can be flexibly controlled.A PA is designed to support this design idea.Its saturated output power is around 46.7 dBm,and the drain efficiency is>68.2%(1.8-2.3 GHz).Under concurrent two-tone excitation,the drain efficiency reaches around 40%even under 5.5 dB back-off power with the tone spacing from 10 MHz to 500 MHz.These results demonstrate that the proposed topology is capable of controlling wideband baseband impedance.

关键词： Baseband impedance Concurrent dual-band Power amplifier

Vitamin A deficiency suppresses CEACAM1 to impair colonic epithelial barrier function via downregulating microbial-derived short-chain fatty acids

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第2期11卷 1066-1081页

作者： Junyan Yan Lu Xiao Di Feng Baolin Chen Ting Yang Bei Tong Ruifang Luo Yuting Wang Jie Chen Children Nutrition Research Center Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing Key Laboratory of Child Nutrition and HealthMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and DisordersNational Clinical Research Center for Child Health and DisordersChongqing 401122China Department of Gastroenterology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqing 401122China

Vitamin A (VA) plays an essential role in modulating both the gut microbiota and gut barrier function.Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs),as metabolites of the gut microbiota,protect the physiological intestinal barrier;however,they are compromised when VA is deficient.Thus,there is an urgent need to understand how and which SCFAs modulate colonic epithelial barrier integrity in VA deficiency (VAD).Herein,compared with normal VA rats (VAN),at the beginning of pregnancy,we confirmed that the colonic desmosome junction was impaired in the VAD group,and the amounts of acetate,propionate,and butyrate declined because of the decreased abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria (Romboutsia ,Collinsella ,and Allobaculum ).The differentially expressed genes correlated with the gut barrier and the histone deacetylase complex between the VAD and VAN groups were enriched by RNA sequencing.In the VAD group,the expression levels of colonic CEA cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) were down-regulated,and the levels of histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and HDAC3 were up-regulated.Intriguingly,the above changes in the VAD groups were rescued by VA supplementation in the early postnatal period.Further study indicated that in Caco-2 cells,butyrate treatment significantly repressed the enrichment of HDAC3 on the promoter of the CEACAM1 gene to induce its expression.Our findings support that butyrate intervention can alleviate the impairment of colonic barrier function caused by VAD,and timely postnatal VA intervention may reverse the damage caused by VAD on gut barrier integrity during pregnancy.

关键词： CEACAM1 Colonic epithelial barrier HDAC3 Short-chain fatty acids Vitamin A deficiency

Microstructure design of advanced magnesium-air battery anodes

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第2期12卷 443-464页

作者： Xu Huang Qingwei Dai Qing Xiang Na Yang Gaopeng Zhang Ao Shen Wanming Li School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China School of Materials and Architectural Engineering Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Material and Metallurgy University of Science and Technology LiaoningAnshan 114051China

Metal-air battery is an environmental friendly energy storage system with unique open structure.Magnesium(Mg)and its alloys have been extensively attempted as anodes for air batteries due to high theoretical energy density,low cost,and recyclability.However,the study on Mg-air battery(MAB)is still at the laboratory level currently,mainly owing to the low anodic efficiency caused by the poor corrosion resistance.In order to reduce corrosion losses and achieve optimal utilization efficiency of Mg anode,the design strategies are reviewed from microstructure perspectives.Firstly,the corrosion behaviors have been discussed,especially the negative difference effect derived by hydrogen evolution.Special attention is given to the effect of anode micro-structures on the MAB,which includes grain size,grain orientation,second phases,crystal structure,twins,and dislocations.For further improvement,the discharge performance,long period stacking ordered phase and its enhancing effect are considered.Meanwhile,given the current debates over Mg dendrites,the potential risk,the impact on discharge,and the elimination strategies are discussed.Microstructure control and single crystal would be promising ways for MAB anode.

关键词： Magnesium Air battery Anode Microstructure Anodic efficiency