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Recent Advances in Single-Cell Metabolomics Based on Mass Spectrometry

CCS Chemistry 2023年第2期5卷 310-324页

作者： Qinlei Liu Sandra Martínez-Jarquín Renato Zenobi department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences ETH ZurichCH-8093 Zurich

Cellular heterogeneity is essential for the physiological functions of organisms,and precise interpretation of the relevant biological mechanisms involved requires accurate measurement of biomolecules,including dNA,RNA,proteins,and metabolites at the single-cell level.Cellular metabolites react most rapidly to environmental and biochemical changes such that their detection is a critical step in determining the physiological state of cells.However,their limited amounts,structural diversity,and significant content variation render single-cell metabolomics analysis technically challenging.Mass spectrometry,with its high sensitivity,good selectivity,and wide dynamic range,has been widely used in the single-cell analysis in recent years.In terms of ionization techniques,there are four main types of single-cell mass spectrometry methods:nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry,matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry,secondary ion mass spectrometry,and dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry.In this mini review,the progress of single-cellmass spectrometrymethodologies and data processing strategies are summarized,and the future trends in single-cell mass spectrometry are outlined.

关键词： single-cell analysis metabolomics mass spectrometry ionization techniques analytical methods

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Cancer susceptibility genes: update and systematic perspectives

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The Innovation 2022年第5期3卷 15-16页

作者： Xiaoshun Shi Sylvia Young Kaican Cai Jialiang Yang Grant Morahan Harry Perkins Institute of Medical research QEII Medical Centre and Centre for Medical ResearchThe University of Western AustraliaNedlandsPerthWA 6009Australia department of Thoracic Surgery Nanfang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Qingdao Geneis Institute of Big data Mining and Precision Medicine Qingdao 266000China

A cancer susceptibility gene(CSG)is a gene whose variants can increase the cancer risk of those bearing such variants.1 By defining an individual’s CSG profile,it may be possible to assess their cancer risk and may provide insights for future prevention and treatment of cancer.The methods used for discovery of CSGs have evolved from single candidate gene analysis to population-based next-generation sequencing.

关键词： prevention cancer susceptibility

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Microwave-assisted catalyst-free hydrolysis of fibrous cellulose for deriving sugars and biochemicals

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019年第4期13卷 718-726页

作者： Songshan Jiang Helen daly Huan Xiang Ying Yan Huiping Zhang Christopher Hardacre Xiaolei Fan School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing 401331China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

Microwave(MW)assisted catalyst-free hydrolysis of fibrous cellulose(FC,cellulolysis)at 200℃promoted a cellulose conversion o f ca.37.2%and quantitative production o f valuable C5/C6 sugars(e.g.,glucose)and the according platform biochemicals(e.g.,5-hydroxymethylfurfliral),corresponding to an overall selectivity o f 96.5%.Conversely,conventional hydrothermal cellulolysis under similar conditions was not effective,even after 24 h,carbonising the FC.Based on the systematic study of MW-assisted cellulolysis,the specific interaction between water molecules and macroscopic FC under the MW irradiation was proposed,accounting for the interpretation o f the experimental observation.The kinetic energy o f water molecules under the MW irradiation facilitated the C-C(in the non-hindered surface-CH2OH groups)and C-O-C bond breaking(inside the cellulose cavities)in FC,producing primary cellulolysis products of xylose,glucose and cellobiose.

关键词： microwave fibrous cellulose hydrolysis sugars mechanism

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