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Template-directed synthesis of nitrogen- and sulfur- codoped carbon nanowire aerogels with enhanced electrocatalytic performance for oxygen reduction

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Nano Research 2017年第6期10卷 1888-1895页

作者： Shaofang Fu Chengzhou Zhu Junhua Song Mark H. Engelhard Xiaolin Li Peina Zhang Haibing Xia Dan Du Yuehe Lin School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University WA 99164 USA Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA Energy and Environmental Directory Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99354 USA state Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China

Heteroatom doping, precise composition control and rational morphology design are efficient strategies for producing novel nanocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction （ORR） in fuel cells. Herein, a cost-effective approach to synthesize nitrogen- and sulfur-codoped carbon nanowire aerogels using a hard templating method is proposed. The aerogels prepared using a combination of hydrothermal treatment and carbonization exhibit good catalytic activity for the ORR in alkaline solution. At the optimal annealing temperature and mass ratio between the nitrogen and sulfur precursors, the resultant aerogels show comparable electrocatalytic activity to that of a commercial Pt/C catalyst for the ORR. Importantly, the optimized catalyst shows much better long-term stability and satisfactory tolerance for the methanol crossover effect. These codoped aerogels are expected to have potential applications in fuel cells.

关键词： heteroatom-doped carbons porous nanomaterials aerogels metal-free catalysts oxygen reduction reaction

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived therapies for regeneration after central nervous system injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3063-3075页

作者： Stephen Vidman Yee Hang Ethan Ma Nolan Fullenkamp Giles W.Plant Department of Neuroscience Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

In recent years,the progression of stem cell therapies has shown great promise in advancing the nascent field of regenerative *** the non-regenerative nature of the mature central nervous system,the concept that“blank”cells could be reprogrammed and functionally integrated into host neural networks remained *** work has also demonstrated the ability of such cells to stimulate intrinsic growth programs in post-mitotic cells,such as *** embryonic stem cells demonstrated great potential in treating central nervous system pathologies,ethical and technical concerns *** barriers,along with the clear necessity for this type of treatment,ultimately prompted the advent of induced pluripotent stem *** advantage of pluripotent cells in central nervous system regeneration is multifaceted,permitting differentiation into neural stem cells,neural progenitor cells,glia,and various neuronal *** precise spatiotemporal application of extrinsic growth factors in vitro,in addition to microenvironmental signaling in vivo,influences the efficiency of this directed *** the pluri-or multipotency of these cells is appealing,it also poses the risk of unregulated differentiation and teratoma *** of the neuroectodermal lineage,such as neuronal subpopulations and glia,have been explored with varying degrees of *** the risk of cancer or teratoma formation is greatly reduced,each subpopulation varies in effectiveness and is influenced by a myriad of factors,such as the timing of the transplant,pathology type,and the ratio of accompanying progenitor ***,successful transplantation requires innovative approaches to develop delivery vectors that can mitigate cell death and support ***,host immune responses to allogeneic grafts must be thoroughly characterized and further developed to reduce the need for *** to a clinical setting wi

关键词： axon regeneration central nervous system regeneration induced pluripotent stem cells neurotrauma regenerative medicine spinal cord injury stem cell therapy

Single-Atom Nanozymes Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Sensitive Detection of Aβ1-40:A Biomarker of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 777-787页

作者： Zhaoyuan Lyu Shichao Ding Nan Zhang Yang Zhou Nan Cheng Maoyu Wang Mingjie Xu Zhenxing Feng Xiangheng Niu Yuan Cheng Chao Zhang Dan Du Yuehe Lin School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Institute of High Performance Computing Institute of High Performance ComputingSingapore 138632 School of Chemical Biologicaland Environmental EngineeringOregon State UniversityCorvallisOR 97331USA Irvine Materials Research Institute(IMRI) University of CaliforniaIrvineCA 92697USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeEngineering Drive 3Singapore 117583

Single-atom nanozymes(SANs)possess unique features of maximum atomic utilization and present highly assembled enzyme-like structure and remarkable enzyme-like *** introducing SANs into immunoassay,limitations of ELISA such as low stability of horseradish peroxidase(HRP)can be well addressed,thereby improving the performance of the *** this work,we have developed novel Fe-N-C single-atom nanozymes(Fe-N_(x)SANs)derived from Fe-doped polypyrrole(PPy)nanotube and substituted the enzymes in ELISA kit for enhancing the detection sensitivity of amyloid beta *** indicate that the Fe-N_(x)SANs contain high density of single-atom active sites and comparable enzyme-like properties as HRP,owing to the maximized utilization of Fe atoms and their abundant active sites,which could mimic natural metalloproteases *** designed SAN-linked immunosorbent assay(SAN-LISA)demonstrates the ultralow limit of detection(LOD)of 0.88 pg/mL,much more sensitive than that of commercial ELISA(9.98 pg/mL).The results confirm that the Fe-N_(x)SANs can serve as a satisfactory replacement of enzyme labels,which show great potential as an ultrasensitive colorimetric immunoassay.

关键词： Alzheimer thereby limitations

Suppression of monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation by inhibiting TGF-β-activated kinase 1-dependent signaling:role of the ubiquitin proteasome system

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第1期18卷 162-170页

作者： Anil K.Singh Mahamudul Haque Kayla O'Sullivan Mukesh Chourasia Madhu M.Ouseph Salahuddin Ahmed Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Washington State University College of PharmacySpokaneWAUSA Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Amity Institute of BiotechnologyAmity UniversityNoidaUttar PradeshIndia Department of Pathology Stanford University School of MedicineStanfordCAUSA Division of Rheumatology University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWAUSA

Monosodium urate(MSU)crystals activate inflammatory pathways that overlap with interleukin-1β(IL-1β)***,the post-translational mechanisms involved and the role of signaling proteins in this activation are *** the present study,we investigated the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved in MSU-induced activation of THP-1 macrophages and human nondiseased synovial fibroblasts(NLSFs)and the in vivo efficacy of an inhibitor of tumor grovArth factor-β(TGF-β)-activated kinase 1(TAK1),5Z-7-oxozeaenoI,in MSU-induced paw inflammation in C57BL76 ***-1 macrophage activation with MSU crystals(25-200 ng/ml)resulted in the rapid and sustained phosphorylation of interleukin-1 receptor-activated kinase 1(IRAK1 Thr^(209))and TAK1(Thr^(184/187))and their association with the E3 ubiquitin ligase *** the cellular level,MSU inhibited the deubiquitinases A20 and UCHL2 and increased 20s proteasomal activity,leading to a global decrease in K^(63)-linked ubiquitination and increase in K^(48)-linked ubiquitination in THP-1 *** MSU did not stimulate cytokine produaion in NLSFs,it significantly amplified IL-1β-induced IL-6,IL-8,and ENA-78/CXCL5 *** studies and MD simulations followed by TAK1 in vitro kinase assays revealed that uric acid molecules are capable of arresting TAK1 in an active-state conformation,resulting in sustained TAK1 kinase ***,MSU-induced proinflammatory cytokine production was completely inhibited by 5Z-7-oxozeaenol but not IRAK1/4 or TRAF6 *** of 5Z-7-oxozeaenol(5 or 15 mg/kg;orally)significantly inhibited MSU-induced paw inflammation in C57BL/6 *** study identifies a novel post-translational mechanism of TAK1 activation by MSU and suggests the therapeutic potential of TAK1 in regulating MSU-induced Inflammation.

关键词： Monosodium urate crystals Gout TAK1 Ubiquitination 5Z-7-oxozeaenol

Exogenous reference gene normalization for real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis under dynamic endogenous transcription

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Neural Regeneration Research 2012年第14期7卷 1064-1072页

作者： Stephen Johnston Zachary Gallaher Krzysztof Czaja Programs in Neuroscience and Department of Veterinary and Comparative Anatomy Pharmacology and Physiology College of Veterinary Medicine Washington State University Pullman WA 99164-6520 USA

Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （qPCR） is widely used to investigate transcriptional changes following experimental manipulations to the nervous system. Despite the widespread utilization of qPCR, the interpretation of results is marred by the lack of a suitable reference gene due to the dynamic nature of endogenous transcription. To address this inherent deficiency, we investigated the use of an exogenous spike-in mRNA, luciferase, as an internal reference gene for the 2ct normalization method. To induce dynamic transcription, we systemically administered capsaicin, a neurotoxJn selective for C-type sensory neurons expressing the TRPV-1 receptor, to adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. We later isolated nodose ganglia for qPCR analysis with the reference being either exogenous luciferase mRNA or the commonly used endogenous reference 13-111 tubulin. The exogenous luciferase mRNA reference clearly demonstrated the dynamic expression of the endogenous reference. Furthermore, variability of the endogenous reference would lead to misinterpretation of other genes of interest. In conclusion, traditional reference genes are often unstable under physiologically normal situations, and certainly unstable following the damage to the nervous system. The use of exogenous spike-in reference provides a consistent and easily implemented alternative for the analysis of qPCR data.

关键词： exogenous reference gene sensory ganglia reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction normalization injury neural regeneration

Multifunctional SnO2/3D graphene hybrid materials for sodium-ion and lithium-ion batteries with excellent rate capability and long cycle life

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Nano Research 2017年第12期10卷 4398-4414页

作者： Jung-ln Lee Junhua Song Younghwan Cha Shaofang Fu Chengzhou Zhu Xiaolin Li Yuehe Lin Min-Kyu Song School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA Energy & Environment Directorate Pacific North west National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA 99352 USA

SnO2 is a promising material for both Li-ion and Na-ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacities. Unfortunately, the electrochemical performance of SnO2 is unsatisfactory because of the large volume change that occurs during cycling, low electronic conductivity of inactive oxide matrix, and poor kinetics, which are particularly severe in Na-ion batteries. Herein, ultra-fine SnO2 nanocrystals anchored on a unique three-dimensional （3D） porous reduced graphene oxide （rGO） matrix are described as promising bifunctional electrodes for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries with excellent rate capability and long cycle life. Ultra-fine SnO2 nanocrystals of size -6 nm are well-coordinated to the graphene sheets that comprise the 3D macro-porous structure. Notably, superior rate capability was obtained up to 3 C （1In C is a measure of the rate that allows the cell to be charged/discharged in n h） for both batteries. In situ X-ray diffractometry measurements during lithiation （or sodiation） and delithiation （or desodiation） were combined with various electrochemical techniques to reveal the real-time phase evolution. This critical information was linked with the internal resistance, ion diffusivity （DLi＋ and DNa＋）, and the unique structure of the composite electrode materials to explain their excellent electrochemical performance. The improved capacity and superior rate capabilities demonstrated in this work can be ascribed to the enhanced transport kinetics of both electrons and ions within the electrode structure because of the well-interconnected, 3D macro-porous rGO matrix. The porous rGO matrix appears to play a more important role in sodium-ion batteries （SIBs）, where the larger mass/radius of Na-ions are marked concerns.

关键词： sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) SnO2 three-dimensional (3D)graphene hybrid materials

Recent advances of antibody drug conjugates for clinical applications

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2020年第9期10卷 1589-1600页

作者： Pengxuan Zhao Yuebao Zhang Wenqing Li Christopher Jeanty Guangya Xiang Yizhou Dong Division of Pharmaceutics&Pharmacology College of Pharmacythe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA School of Pharmacy Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Department of Biomedical Engineering the Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA The Center for Clinical and Translational Science the Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA The Comprehensive Cancer Center the Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Dorothy M.Davis Heart&Lung Research Institute the Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Department of Radiation Oncology the Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Neuroscience Program College of Medicine&College of Arts and Sciencesthe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Antibody drug conjugates(ADCs)normally compose of a humanized antibody and small molecular drug via a chemical *** decades of preclinical and clinical studies,a series of ADCs have been widely used for treating specific tumor types in the clinic such as brentuximab vedotin(Adcetris?)for relapsed Hodgkin’s lymphoma and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma,gemtuzumab ozogamicin(Mylotarg?)for acute myeloid leukemia,ado-trastuzumab emtansine(Kadcyla?)for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer,inotuzumab ozogamicin(Besponsa?)and most recently polatuzumab vedotin-piiq(Polivy?)for B cell *** than eighty ADCs have been investigated in different clinical stages from approximately six hundred clinical trials to *** review summarizes the key elements of ADCs and highlights recent advances of ADCs,as well as important lessons learned from clinical data,and future directions.

关键词： Antibody drug conjugates Antibody Cytotoxic agents Linker Clinical application

In-situ oxygen profiling and lignin modification in guts of wood-feeding termites

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Insect Science 2010年第3期17卷 277-290页

作者： Jing Ke Jian-Zhong Sun Hung D. Nguyen Deepak Singh Karmen C. Lee Haluk Beyenal Shu-Lin Chen Department of Biological Systems Engineering Washington State University Pullman Washington Coastal Research and Extension Center Mississippi State University Poplarville Mississippi USA School of the Environment Jiangsu University Zhenjiang Jiangsu Province China The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering Washington State University Pullman Washington USA

Reports on the capability of wood-feeding termites （WFTs） in degrading wood particles and on the existence of aerobic environment in the localized guts suggest that their high efficiency of cellulose utilization is not only caused by cellulase, but also by biochemical factors that pretreat lignin. We thus extend the hypothesis that for highly efficient accessibility of cellulose, there should be direct evidence of lignin modification before the hindgut. The lignin degradation/modification is facilitated by the oxygenated environment in intestinal microhabitats. To test our hypothesis, we conducted experiments using a dissolved oxygen microelectrode with a tip diameter 〈 10μm to measure oxygen profiles in intestinal microhabitats of both Coptotermes formosanus （Shiraki） and Reticulitermesflavipes （Kollar）. Lignin modification during passage through their three gut segments was also analyzed with pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The data showed relatively high levels of oxygen in the midgut that could have promoted lignin oxidation. Consistent with the oxygen measurements, lignin modifications were also detected. In support of previously proposed hypotheses, these results demonstrate that lignin disruption, which pretreats wood for cellulose utilization, is initiated in the foregut, and continues in the midgut in both termites.

关键词： Coptotermesformosanus lignin modification oxygen profile pretreatment Reticulitermesflavipes wood-feeding termites (WFTs)

Antioxidant activity of phlorotannins from brown algae

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第6期10卷 184-191页

作者： Xin Liu Wenqiao Yuan Ratna Sharma-Shivappa John van Zanten Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA Golden LEAF Biomanufacturing Training&Education Center North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC 27695USA

The antioxidant activity of the phlorotannins extracted from five marine algaespecies(Saccharina latissima,Alaria esculenta,Laminaria digitata,Fucus vesiculosusand Ascophyllum nodosum)was *** phlorotannin groups,including soluble,membrane-bound,and extracted membrane-bound phlorotannins obtained by two solvent extraction methods were investigated for their DPPH radical scavenging *** *** the highest phlorotannin yield(14.83 mg-extract/g-algae and 12.80 mg-extract/g-algae,respectively)among the five *** soluble phlorophannin(SP),membrane-bound phlorotannin(MP)and extracted membrane-bound phlorotannin(eMP)extracts all showed equal or greater DPPH radical scavenging activity than the commercial antioxidants of butylated hydroxytoluene and ascorbic *** antioxidant potential that combines phlorotannin yield and antioxidant activity of the MP extracts of *** ***(5890mL/g and 5278 mL/g algae,respectively)were higher than those of SP and eMP,suggesting that the MPs of *** *** great potential to be used as *** extraction methods also showed significantly different effects on the antioxidant activity of the phlorotannin extracts.

关键词： brown algae phlorotannin antioxidant activity antioxidant bioseparation polyphenol solvent extraction methods