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Dimensionality-driven metal to Mott insulator transition in two-dimensional 1T-TaSe2

National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 108-118页

作者： Ning Tian Zhe Huang Bo Gyu Jang Shuaifei Guo Ya-Jun Yan Jingjing Gao Yijun Yu Jinwoong Hwang Cenyao Tang Meixiao Wang Xuan Luo Yu Ping Sun Zhongkai Liu Dong-Lai Feng Xianhui Chen Sung-Kwan Mo Minjae Kim Young-Woo Son Dawei Shen Wei Ruan Yuanbo Zhang State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics New Cornerstone Science Laboratory and Department of PhysicsFudan University Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute Shanghai research Center for Quantum sciences Institute for Nanoelectronic Devices and Quantum Computing Fudan University Zhangjiang Fudan International Innovation Center Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology(SIMIT)Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University Korea Institute for advanced Study School of Emerging Technology and Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ShanghaiTech Laboratory for Topological Physics Key Laboratory of Materials Physics Institute of Solid State Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences High Magnetic Field Laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation centre of advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Department of Physics University of Science and Technology of China and Key Laboratory of Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China

Two-dimensional materials represent a major frontier for research into exotic many-body quantum phenomena. In the extreme two-dimensional limit, electron-electron interaction often dominates over other electronic energy scales, leading to strongly correlated effects such as quantum spin liquid and unconventional *** dominance is conventionally attributed to the lack of electron screening in the third dimension. Here, we discover an intriguing metal to Mott insulator transition in 1T-TaSe2that defies conventional wisdom. Specifically, we find that dimensionality crossover, instead of reduced screening, drives the transition in atomically thin 1T-TaSe2. A dispersive band crossing the Fermi level is found to be responsible for the bulk metallicity in the material. Reducing the dimensionality,however, effectively quenches the kinetic energy of these initially itinerant electrons, and drives the material into a Mott insulating *** dimensionality-driven metal to Mott insulator transition resolves the long-standing dichotomy between metallic bulk and insulating surface of 1T-TaSe2. Our work further reveals a new pathway for modulating two-dimensional materials that enables exploring strongly correlated systems across uncharted parameter space.

关键词： two-dimensional materials 1T-TaSe2 dimensionality crossover metal to Mott insulator transition

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Angiogenesis in diseases:A half-century excursion from the initial therapeutic concept to current clinical benefits

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第6期137卷 636-637页

作者： Yihai Cao Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstituteStockholm 17177Sweden

Except a few tissues such as the cornea and cartilage that are avascular,blood vessels constitute a significant proportion of tissue masses in virtually all *** physiological conditions,the adult vasculature remains quiescent to retain tissue and organ homeostatic *** few or too many blood vessels are associated with the onset and progression of many *** response to injuries,most tissues undergo repair by switching on angiogenesis,a key process of new blood vessel formation.^([1])Similarly,angiogenesis is often active in pathological tissues,including tumors and ischemic tissues to aggravate disease progression.

关键词： injuries organs diseases

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Prospects of the Multi-channel Photometric Survey Telescope in the Cosmological Application of Type Ia Supernovae

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research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 183-191页

作者： Zhenyu Wang Jujia Zhang Xinzhong Er Jinming Bai Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China International centre of Supernovae Yunnan Key LaboratoryKunming 650216China South-Western Institute for Astronomy research Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China

The Multi-channel Photometric Survey Telescope(Mephisto)is a real-time,three-color photometric system designed to capture the color evolution of stars and transients *** telescope system can be crucial in cosmological distance measurements of low-redshift(low-z,z■0.1)Type Ia supernovae(SNe Ia).To optimize the capabilities of this instrument,we perform a comprehensive simulation study before its official operation is scheduled to *** considering the impact of atmospheric extinction,weather conditions,and the lunar phase at the observing site involving the instrumental features,we simulate light curves of SNe Ia obtained by *** best strategy in the case of SN Ia cosmology is to take the image at an exposure time of 130 s with a cadence of 3 *** this condition,Mephisto can obtain hundreds of high-quality SNe Ia to achieve a distance measurement better than 4.5%.Given the on-time spectral classification and monitoring of the Lijiang 2.4 m Telescope at the same observatory,Mephisto,in the whole operation,can significantly enrich the well-calibrated sample of supernovae at low-z and improve the calibration accuracy of high-z SNe Ia.

关键词： (stars:)supernovae:general (cosmology:)cosmological parameters telescopes

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Biomolecular condensates and disease pathogenesis

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Science China Life sciences 2024年第9期67卷 1792-1832页

作者： Ke Ruan Ge Bai Yanshan Fang Dan Li Tingting Li Xingguo Liu Boxun Lu Qing Lu Zhou Songyang Shuguo Sun Zheng Wang Xin Zhang Wen Zhou Hong Zhang Neurology Department at Huashan Hospital State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science Institutes of Brain Science School of Life Sciences Fudan University Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders Ministry of Education Bio-X Institutes Shanghai Jiao Tong University State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation and Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen Memorial HospitalSun Yat-sen University Department of Human Anatomy Histology and Embryology School of Basic Medicine Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology The Second Affiliated Hospital School of Basic Medical Sciences Institute of Biomedical Innovation Jiangxi Medical College Nanchang University Westlake Laboratory of Life sciences and Biomedicine Department of Immunology and Microbiology School of Life Sciences Southern University of Science and Technology National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Life sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences The First Affiliated Hospital & School of Life sciences Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Membrane-less Organelles & Cellular Dynamics Hefei National Research Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences at the Microscale Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHM Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute Department of Neurology of Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine Zhejiang University School of Medicine Interdisciplinary research Center on Biology and Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences Bio-X Institutes Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of

Biomolecular condensates or membraneless organelles(MLOs) formed by liquid-liquid phase separation(LLPS) divide intracellular spaces into discrete compartments for specific functions. Dysregulation of LLPS or aberrant phase transition that disturbs the formation or material states of MLOs is closely correlated with neurodegeneration, tumorigenesis, and many other pathological processes. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in development of methods to monitor phase separation and we discuss the biogenesis and function of MLOs formed through phase separation. We then present emerging proof-of-concept examples regarding the disruption of phase separation homeostasis in a diverse array of clinical conditions including neurodegenerative disorders, hearing loss, cancers, and immunological diseases. Finally, we describe the emerging discovery of chemical modulators of phase separation.

关键词： liquid-liquid phase separation biomolecular condensate membraneless organelle

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Assessing risk of Bombali virus spillover to humans by mutagenesis analysis of viral glycoprotein

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hLife 2024年第1期2卷 32-42页

作者： Lincan Li Tianyu Gan Ziyue Ma Yi Huang Jin Zhong Unit of Viral Hepatitis CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and ImmunologyShanghai Institute of Immunity and InfectionCenter for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina University of Chinese Academy of sciences BeijingChina ShanghaiTech University ShanghaiChina Wuhan National Biosafety Laboratory Center for Biosafety Mega-ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHubeiChina

Ebolaviruses,such as the highly pathogenic Ebola virus(EBOV),belong to the family Filoviridae and have caused out-breaks of severe and fatal hemorrhagic fever over the past *** virus(BOMV)is a newly discovered ebolavirus from bats with unknown potential to infect *** most ebolaviruses,the interaction between viral glycoprotein(GP)and host receptor Niemann-Pick C1(NPC1)is crucial for viral entry and determines host ***,we analyzed the BOMV GP-mediated virus entry into human cells using our recently developed EBOV transcription-and replication-competent virus-like particle(trVLP)*** demonstrated that while BOMV GP can be efﬁciently incorporated into trVLPs,it is inefﬁcient in mediating trVLP entry into human ***,BOMV GP-mediated virus entry into human cells can be signiﬁcantly enhanced by a few mutations in the NPC1-binding domain of ***,we showed that these mutations increase the binding of BOMV-GP to human *** summary,our results suggested that although wild-type BOMV does not efﬁciently infect human cells,the emergence of mutations in viral GP may boost its ability to spill over to humans,highlighting the importance of monitoring BOMV GP evolution in preventing potential BOMV spillover events.

关键词： Bombali virus glycoprotein entry Ebola virus Niemann-Pick C1

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Mitochondrial DNA mutations-candidate biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis in Bangladesh

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2012年第9期31卷 449-454页

作者： Gazi Nurun Nahar Sultana Atiqur Rahman Abu Din Ahmed Shahinuzzaman Rowshan Ara Begum Chowdhury Faiz Hossain centre for advanced research in sciences University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Microbiology University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology University of DhakaDhaka 1000Bangladesh National Cancer research Institute and Hospital MohakhaliDhaka 1212Bangladesh East West University MohakhaliDhaka 1212Banglades

Breast cancer is a major health problem that affects more than 24% of women in Bangladesh. Furthermore, among low-income countries including Bangladesh, individuals have a high risk for developing breast cancer. This study aimed to identify candidate mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) biomarkers for breast cancer diagnosis in Bangladeshi women to be used as a preventive approach. We screened the blood samples from 24 breast cancer patients and 20 healthy controls to detect polymorphisms in the D-loop and the ND3-and ND4-coding regions of mtDNA by direct sequencing. Among 14 distinct mutations, 10 polymorphisms were found in the D-loop, 3 were found in the ND3-coding region, and 1 was found in the ND4-coding region. The frequency of two novel polymorphisms in the D-loop, one at position 16290 (Tins) and the other at position 16293 (A-del), was higher in breast cancer patients than in control subjects (position 16290: odds ratio = 6.011, 95% confidence interval = 1.2482 to 28.8411, P = 0.002; position 16293: odds ratio = 5.6028, 95% confidence interval = 1.4357 to 21.8925, P = 0.010). We also observed one novel mutation in the ND3-coding region at position 10316 (A > G) in 69% of breast cancer patients but not in control subjects. The study suggests that two novel polymorphisms in the D-loop may be candidate biomarkers for breast

关键词：线粒体DNA突变生物标志物孟加拉国乳腺癌诊断基因编码区基因多态性 D-loop区

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Development of a bioheat model for older people under hot and cold exposures

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Building Simulation 2022年第10期15卷 1815-1829页

作者： Lili Ji Abdelaziz Laouadi Liangzhu Wang Michael A.Lacasse Construction research centre National Research Council Canada1200 Montréal RoadOttawaON K1A 0R6Canada Department of Building Civil and Environmental EngineeringConcordia University1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd.W.MontrealQC H3G 1M8Canada

Physiological modeling is important to evaluate the effects of heat and cold conditions on people’s thermal comfort and health. Experimental studies have found that older people (above 65 year old) undergo age-related weakening changes in their physiology and thermoregulatory activities, which makes them more vulnerable to heat or cold exposure than average aged young adults. However, addressing the age-related changes by modeling has been challenging due to their wide variability among the older population. This study develops a two-node physiological model to predict the thermal response of older people. The model is built on a newly developed two-node model for average-age young adults by accounting for the age-related attenuation of thermoregulation and sensory delays in triggering thermoregulatory actions. A numerical optimization method is developed to compute the model parameter values based on selected benchmark data from the literature. The proposed model is further validated with published measurement data covering large input ranges. The model predictions are in good agreement with the measurements in hot and cold exposure conditions with a discrepancy 0.60 °C for the mean skin temperature and of 0.30 °C for the core temperature. The proposed model can be integrated into building simulation tools to predict heat and cold stress levels and the associated thermal comfort for older people in built environments.

关键词： older people physiological modeling age-related changes thermal comfort heat stress cold stress

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Splicing factor PRP-19 regulates mitochondrial stress response

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Life Metabolism 2022年第1期1卷 81-93页

作者： Peixue Xia Liankui Zhou Jialiang Guan Wanqiu Ding Ying Liu State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology Institute of Molecular MedicineCollege of Future TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijingChina Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China PKU-Tsinghua-NIBS Graduate Program Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing advanced Innovation Center for Genomics BeijingChina

Animals respond to mitochondrial perturbation by activating the mitochondrial unfolded protein response(UPR^(mt))to induce the transcription of mitochondrial stress response *** Caenorhabditis elegans,activation of UPR^(mt) allows the animals to maintain organismal homeostasis,activate the innate immune response,and promote lifespan ***,we show that splicing factors such as Precursor RNA processing 19(PRP-19)are required for the induction of UPR^(mt) in ***-19 also modulates mitochondrial perturbation-induced innate immune response and lifespan *** of PRP-19 in mammalian cells suppresses UPR^(mt) activation and disrupts the mitochondrial *** findings reveal an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that maintains mitochondrial homeostasis and controls innate immunity and lifespan through splicing factors.

关键词： mitochondria unfolded protein response stress response splicing lifespan

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Doped graphene/carbon black hybrid catalyst giving enhanced oxygen reduction reaction activity with high resistance to corrosion in proton exchange membrane fuel cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2022年第5期31卷 143-153页

作者： Zhaoqi Ji Jianuo Chen María Pérez-Page Zunmin Guo Ziyu Zhao Rongsheng Cai Maxwell T.P.Rigby Sarah J.Haigh Stuart M.Holmes School of Automotive Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai264209ShandongChina Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK Department of Materials The University of ManchesterManchester M139PLUK

Nitrogen doping of the carbon is an important method to improve the performance and durability of catalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells by platinum–nitrogen and carbon–nitrogen bonds. This study shows that p-phenyl groups and graphitic N acting bridges linking platinum and the graphene/carbon black(the ratio graphene/carbon black = 2/3) hybrid support materials achieved the average size of platinum nanoparticles with(4.88 ± 1.79) nm. It improved the performance of the lower-temperature hydrogen fuel cell up to 0.934 W cm^(-2) at 0.60 V, which is 1.55 times greater than that of commercial Pt/C. Doping also enhanced the interaction between Pt and the support materials, and the resistance to corrosion, thus improving the durability of the low-temperature hydrogen fuel cell with a much lower decay of 10 mV at 0.80 A cm^(-2) after 30 k cycles of an in-situ accelerated stress test of catalyst degradation than that of 92 mV in Pt/C, which achieves the target of Department of Energy(<30 mV). Meanwhile,Pt/Nr EGO_(2)-CB_(3) remains 78% of initial power density at 1.5 A cm^(-2) after 5 k cycles of in-situ accelerated stress test of carbon corrosion, which is more stable than the power density of commercial Pt/C, keeping only 54% after accelerated stress test.

关键词： Nitrogen doped graphene Low-temperature hydrogen fuel cell Catalyst degradation Carbon corrosion

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Increase in serum levels of phosphatidylserine-specific phospholipase A_(1) in COVID-19 patients

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2021年第9期18卷 2275-2277页

作者： Takuya Shimura Makoto Kurano Koh Okamoto Daisuke Jubishi Kuniyuki Kano Koji Igarashi Satoshi Shimamoto Junken Aoki Kyoji Moriya Yutaka Yatomi Department of Clinical Laboratory The University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Department of Infectious Diseases The University of Tokyo HospitalTokyoJapan Department of Health Chemistry Graduate School of Pharmaceutical SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Bioscience Division TOSOH CorporationKanagawaJapan

The development of novel drugs to overcome the current global coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is an important *** antiviral agents have been investigated,one of the important goals of treatment is also to control the biological response to the infection.A series of elegant basic studies have revealed that lysophosphatidylserine(LysoPS)might play important roles in inflammation through three kinds of G protein-coupled receptors[1];LysoPS reportedly suppresses activation of T cells[2]and secretion of inflammatory cytokines from macrophages[3]and promotes phagocytosis of apoptotic cells,including apoptotic neutrophils,by macrophages[4].

关键词： drugs inflammation acute

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