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The past,present,and future of the Siberian Grouse(Falcipennis falcipennis)under glacial oscillations and global warming

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Avian research 2022年第1期13卷 57-63页

作者： Wendong Xie Kai Song Siegfried Klaus Jon E.Swenson Yue-Hua Sun Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China College of Life Science Hebei UniversityBaoding071002China Lindenhöhe 5 D-07749JenaGermany Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesPO Box 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway

Global climate change has a significant effect on species,as environment conditions change,causing many species'distributions to shift.During the last three million years,the earth has experienced glacial oscillations,forcing some species to survive in ice-free refugia during glacial periods and then disperse postglacially.In this study,by assessing the potential distribution of Siberian Grouse(Falcipennis falcipennis),we used Global Circular Models and Representative Concentration Pathways to model their pattern of range changes during glacial oscillations and the potential impact of present global warming.We used 158 location records of Siberian Grouse to generate a full climate model using 19 bioclimate variables in MaxEnt.We discarded variables with a correlation coefficient larger than 0.8 and relatively lower modeling contributions between each pair of correlated variables.Using the remaining variables,we created a normally uncorrelated simple climate model to predict the possible distribution of Siberian Grouse from the most recent Ice Age to present and to 2070.Then we added geographical data and the human interference index to construct a multiple factor full model to evaluate which were important in explaining the distribution of Siberian Grouse.The Total Suitability Zone(P≥0.33)of Siberian Grouse is about 243,000km^(2) and the Maximum Suitability Zone(P≥0.66)is 36,000km^(2) and is confined to the russian Far East.Potential habitat modeling suggested that annual precipitation,annual mean temperature,and the distance from lakes are the most explanatory variables for the current distribution of Siberian Grouse.The distribution center moved to the southeast during the Last Glacial Maximum and spread back to the northwest after the ice melted and temperatures rose.The total area range of Siberian Grouse experienced a dramatic loss during the Last Glacial Maximum.Global warming is presently forcing the Siberian Grouse to migrate northward with a contraction of its range.There is an urgent need to protect its

关键词： Climate change Falcipennis falcipennis Ice age refugia Last glacial maximum

Tuning the Spatially Controlled Growth,Structural Self-Organizing and Cluster-Assembling of the Carbyne-Enriched Nano-Matrix during Ion-Assisted Pulse-Plasma Deposition

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Fluid Dynamics & Materials Processing 2022年第6期18卷 1763-1779页

作者： Alexander Lukin Oğuz Gülseren Integrated Carbon Nano-Systems Lab Western-Caucasus Research CenterTuapse352808Russian Federation Department of Physics Bilkent UniversityÇankayaAnkara06800Turkey

Carbyne-enriched nanomaterials are of current interest in nanotechnology-related applications.The properties of these nanomaterials greatly depend on their production process.In particular,structural self-organization and auto-synchronization of nanostructures are typical phenomena observed during the growth and heteroatom-doping of carbyne-enriched nanostructured metamaterials by the ion-assisted pulse-plasma deposition method.Accordingly,fine tuning of these processes may be seen as the key step to the predictive designing of carbyneenriched nano-matrices with improved properties.In particular,we propose an innovative concept,connected with application of the vibrational-acoustic effects and based on universal Cymatics mechanisms.These effects are used to induce vibration-assisted self-organized wave patterns together with the simultaneous manipulation of their properties through an electric field.Interaction between the inhomogeneous electric field distribution generated on the vibrating layer and the plasma ions serves as the additional energizing factor controlling the local pattern formation and self-organization of the nano-structures.

关键词： Carbyne-enriched nanomaterials ion assisted pulse plasma deposition carbon sp-chains stabilization of sp-hybridized carbon sp-encapsulating heteroatom-doping vibrational-acoustic activation vibrational patterns electromagnetic activation nanoscale self-organization standing surface acoustic waves nano-Cymatics predictive patterning

Magnetic field hyperactivity during the early Neoproterozoic: A paleomagnetic and cyclostratigraphic study of the Katav Formation, southern Urals, Russia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第4期14卷 42-56页

作者： Inessa V.Golovanova Konstantin N.Danukalov Raushaniia Yu.Salmanova Natalia M.Levashova Nikita P.Parfiriev Nina D.Sergeeva Joseph G.Meert Institute of Geology-Subdivision of the Ufa Federal research Centre of the russian Academy of Sciences(IG UFRC RAS) Russia Geological Institute Russian Academy of SciencesMoscowRussia Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Neil Opdyke Paleomagnetic LaboratoryUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States

We present a detailed magnetostratigraphic and cyclostratigraphic profile through the Riphean(Tonian)Katav Formation in the southern Urals.The study confirms the primary nature of the magnetization in these rocks.The cyclostratigraphic study identified several orbital periods including the 405 ka long eccentricity.This allows us to quantify the reversal frequency in the Katav and our estimates range of 7–12 reversals per million years.Based on our study,we identify an interval of magnetic field reversal hyperactivity in the Neoproterozoic interval.Age estimates for the Katav are contentious and range somewhere between 800 Ma and 900 Ma based on carbonate Pb-Pb ages and stable isotope correlations.The paleomagnetic poles obtained in this study of the Katav(and overlying Inzer)Formation do not fit anywhere on the Baltica apparent polar wander path between 1100 Ma and 900 Ma.Furthermore,they lie 90away from the 900 Ma segment of the path.We tentatively estimate their age to be closer to 800 Ma and perhaps confirm a previously hypothesized pulse of rapid true polar wander between 825 Ma and 790 Ma.

关键词： Magnetostratigraphy Cyclostratigraphy Hyperactive reversal True polar wander Tonian

Study of possibility of cell recognition in brain tumors

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2020年第4期13卷 371-380页

作者： Yulia S.MAKLYGINA Alexei S.SKOBELTSIN Tatiana A.SAVELIEVA Galina V.PAVLOVA Ivan V.CHEKHONIN Olga I.GURINA Anastasiya A.Chernysheva Sergey A.Cherepanov Victor B.LOSCHENOV Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991.Russia National research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow 115409Russia Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of SciencesMoscow 119334Russia Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute Moscow 125047Russia Serbsky National Medical research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology under the RF Ministry of Public Health Moscow 119034.Russia

The brain has an exceptionally high requirement for energy metabolism,with glucose serving as the exclusive energy source.Cancers,including glioblastoma,have a high glucose uptake and rely on aerobic glycolysis for energy metabolism.The alternation of high-efficiency oxidative phosphorylation to a low-efficiency aerobic glycolysis pathway(Warburg effect)provides macromolecules for biosynthesis and proliferation.Current research indicates that the specific metabolism in the tumor tissue and nonnal brain tissue in the glioma allows the use of 5-aminolevulinic acid(5 ALA)-induced protoporphyrin IX(PpIX)and methylene blue(MB)to monitor and correct the development of the tumor.The focus is on the detection of the differences between tumor cells and tumorassociated macrophages/microglia using spectroscopic and microscopic methods,based on the fluorescent signals and the difference in the drug accumulation of photosensitizers(PSs).Since 5 ALA has long been used effectively in the clinic for fluorescent surgical navigation,it was employed as an agent to identify the localization of tumor tissue and study its composition,particularly tumor and immune cells(macrophages),which have also been shown to actively accumulate PpIX.However,since PpIX is photodynamically active,it can be considered effective as the main target of tumor tissue for further successful photodynamic therapy.MB was employed to visualize resident microglia,which is important for their activation/deactivation to prevent the reprogramming of the immune cells by the tumor.Thus,using two drugs,it is possible to prevent crosstalk between tumor cells and the immune cells of different geneses.

关键词： fluorescent diagnostics spectroscopic method video fluorescent method photosensitizer(PS) brain microglia macrophages 5-aminolevulinic acid(5 ALA) methylene blue(MB)

Attenuation correction technique for fluorescence analysis of biological tissues with significantly different optical properties

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2020年第4期13卷 360-370页

作者： Tatiana A.SAVELIEVA Marina N.KURYANOVA Ekaterina V.AKHLYUSTINA Kirill G.LINKOV Gennady A.MEEROVICH Victor B.LOSCHENOV Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 119991Russia National research Nuclear University MEPhl Moscow 115409Russia

During intraoperative fluorescence navigation to remove various neoplasms and during pharmacokinetic studies of photosensitizers in laboratory animals,in many cases,the ratio of photosensitizer accumulation in the tumor and normal tissue can reach>10-fold,which inevitably changes their optical properties.At the same time,the tumor formation process causes various metabolic and structural changes at cellular and tissue levels,which lead to changes in optical properties.A hardwaresoftware complex for the spectral-fluorescence studies of the content of fluorochromes in biological tissues with significantly different optical properties was developed,and it was tested on optical phantoms with various concentrations of photosensitizers,absorbers,and scatterers.To correct the influence of optical properties on the photosensitizer concentration analysis by fluorescence spectroscopy,we propose the spectrum-processing algorithm,which combines empirical and theory-based approaches.

关键词： fluorescence spectroscopy scattering absorption attenuation correction optical phantoms

Genomic Perspectives on the Emerging SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第1期20卷 60-69页

作者： Wentai Ma Jing Yang Haoyi Fu Chao Su Caixia Yu Qihui Wang Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos Georgii A.Bazykin Yiming Bao Mingkun Li CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Genomics Data Center Beijing Institute of GenomicsChinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for BioinformationBeijing 100101China Laboratorio de Bioinformatica Laboratorio Nacional de Computacao CientıficaPetropolis 25651-075Brazil Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Moscow 121205Russia Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 127051Russia Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China

A new variant of concern for SARS-CoV-2,Omicron(B.1.1.529),was designated by the World Health Organization on November 26,2021.This study analyzed the viral genome sequencing data of 108 samples collected from patients infected with Omicron.First,we found that the enrichment efficiency of viral nucleic acids was reduced due to mutations in the region where the primers anneal to.Second,the Omicron variant possesses an excessive number of mutations compared to other variants circulating at the same time(median:62 vs.45),especially in the Spike gene.Mutations in the Spike gene confer alterations in 32 amino acid residues,more than those observed in other SARS-CoV-2 variants.Moreover,a large number of nonsynonymous mutations occur in the codons for the amino acid residues located on the surface of the Spike protein,which could potentially affect the replication,infectivity,and antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2.Third,there are 53 mutations between the Omicron variant and its closest sequences available in public databases.Many of these mutations were rarely observed in public databases and had a low mutation rate.In addition,the linkage disequilibrium between these mutations was low,with a limited number of mutations concurrently observed in the same genome,suggesting that the Omicron variant would be in a different evolutionary branch from the currently prevalent variants.To improve our ability to detect and track the source of new variants rapidly,it is imperative to further strengthen genomic surveillance and data sharing globally in a timely manner.

关键词： Omicron Genomics Mutation Variant of concern SARS-CoV-2

Trapped on the Roof of the World:taxonomic diversity and evolutionary patterns of Tibetan Plateau endemic freshwater snails(Gastropoda:Lymnaeidae:Tibetoradix)

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第5期17卷 825-848页

作者： Maxim V.VINARSKI Parm Viktor VON OHEIMB Olga V.AKSENOVA Mikhail Yu.GOFAROV Alexander V.KONDAKOV Ivan O.NEKHAEV Ivan N.BOLOTOV Laboratory of Macroecology and Biogeography Saint-Petersburg State UniversitySaint-PetersburgRussia Museum für Naturkunde-Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science BerlinGermany N.Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic research of the Ural Branch of the russian Academy of Sciences ArkhangelskRussia Department of Applied Ecology Saint-Petersburg State UniversitySaint-PetersburgRussia Northern(Arctic)Federal University ArkhangelskRussia

The high-elevation Tibetan Plateau(western China)is inhabited by a unique,though not particularly species-rich,community of organisms.We explored the species content and evolutionary history of the Tibetan Plateau endemic freshwater snail genus Tibetoradix.Phylogenetic relationships within the genus were reconstructed based on available sequence data.We used a single-rate Poisson Tree Processes approach for species delimitation and compared putative species-level clades with already described taxa.We found that the genus consists of at least 6 species,of which we described 4 as new to science.Shell and soft body morphology was examined and the radula in Tibetoradix was described for theﬁrst time.Based on ourﬁndings,the diversiﬁcation of the genus did not result in a prominent morphological differentiation and a number of species can be regarded as morphologically cryptic.Single species found in different drainage areas indicate relatively good passive dispersal abilities of the snails.The allopatric distribution of the species could result from competitive exclusion between them.The absence of Tibetoradix spp.outside the Tibetan Plateau could be explained by a scenario of an“evolutionary trap”,where adaptations to high elevation conditions prevented the taxa from a successful colonization of lower elevations.

关键词： biogeography High Asia molecular phylogenetics morphology species delimitation

Dynamics of moisture regime and its reconstruction from a tree-ring width chronology of Pinus sylvestris in the downstream basin of the Selenga River, Russia

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第6期10卷 877-891页

作者： Liliana BELOKOPYTOVA Dina ZHIRNOVA Tatiana KOSTYAKOVA Elena BABUSHKINA Khakass Technical Institute Siberian Federal University

Regional tree-ring width chronology of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) was constructed from 8 sites in the forest-steppe belt situated in the foothills of the Selenga River basin, Russia. Moisture information contained in tree-ring width chronology was obtained through linear regression reconstruction models of annual August–July precipitation and annual water discharge of the Selenga River during the period 1767–2015. Comparison of the smoothed series allowed estimating long-term variation component of these moisture regime parameters with a high precision. At the same time, regional drought indices are less correlated with pine radial growth, because they have contribution of the other environmental variables, which are much less reflected in the tree-ring of the investigated pine forest stands. Reconstructed dynamic of the moisture regime parameters is supported by documental evident of many socially significant events in the regional history, such as crop failures caused by both droughts and floods, and catastrophic fire in the Irkutsk City in 1879. Also, dependence of the amount of precipitation in the study area on the atmospheric circulation in Central Asia is revealed to have a similar pattern with other regions, i.e., a negative relationship of precipitation with the development of large high atmospheric pressure area within its center in the Altai and Tianshan mountains.

关键词： tree-ring width Pinus sylvestris climate hydrology precipitation reconstruction model

An approach to determination of shunt circuits parameters for damping vibrations

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International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials 2018年第2期9卷 135-149,I0005页

作者： V.P.Matveenko N.A.Iurlova D.A.Oshmarin N.V.Sevodina M.A.Iurlov Department of complex problems of deformable solids mechanics Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics of the Ural Branch of RAS(ICMM UB RAS)PermRussian Federation

This paper considers the problem of natural vibrations of a deformable structure containing elements made of piezomaterials.The piezoelectric elements are connected through electrodes to an external electric circuit,which consists of resistive,inductive and capacitive elements.Based on the solution of this problem,the parameters of external electric circuits are searched for to allow optimal passive control of the structural vibrations.The solution to the problem is complex natural vibration frequencies,the real part of which corresponds to the circular eigenfrequency of vibrations and the imaginary part corresponds to its damping rate(damping ratio).The analysis of behaviour of the imaginary parts of complex eigenfrequencies in the space of external circuit parameters allows one to damp given modes of structure vibrations.The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated using a cantilever-clamped plate and a shell structure in the form of a semi-cylinder connected to series resonant RL circuits.

关键词： Electoelasticity piezoelectric element shunt circuits damping natural vibrations numerical modeling