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The integration of geophysical and enhanced Moderate Resolution Imaging spectroradiometer Normalized Difference Vegetation Index data into a rule-based, piecewise regression-tree model to estimate cheatgrass beginning of spring growth

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2015年第2期8卷 118-132页

作者： stephen P.Boyte Bruce K.Wylie Donald J.Major Jesslyn F.Brown stinger Ghaffarian Technologies Inc.Contractor to the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science(EROS)CenterSioux FallsSDUSA usGs Earth Resources Observation and science(EROs)Center Sioux FallsSDUSA u.s.bureau of land management-Great Basin Restoration Initiative BoiseIDUSA

Cheatgrass exhibits spatial and temporal phenological variability across the Great Basin as described by ecological models formed using remote sensing and other spatial *** developed a rule-based,piecewise regression-tree model trained on 99 points that used three data-setslatitude,elevation,and start of season time based on remote sensing input datato estimate cheatgrass beginning of spring growth(BOsG)in the northern Great *** model was then applied to map the location and timing of cheatgrass spring growth for the entire *** model was strong(R^(2)=0.85)and predicted an average cheatgrass BOsG across the study area of 29 March–4 *** early cheatgrass BOsG areas,65% occurred at elevations below 1452 *** highest proportion of cheatgrass BOsG occurred between mid-April and late *** cheatgrass BOsG in this study matched well with previous Great Basin cheatgrass green-up studies.

关键词： remote sensing invasive species ecological model Great Basin phenology

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An overview of research efforts to understand the effects of underwater sound on cetaceans

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Water Biology and security 2023年第2期2卷 1-12页

作者： shane Guan Tiffini Brookens bureau of Ocean Energy management Environmental Studies ProgramUSA Marine Mammal Commission USA The Catholic university of America USA

Cetaceans are aquatic mammals living in an environment that is more suited for hearing than *** such,their sensory systems largely utilize acoustic cu.s.for navigation,communication,foraging,and predator ***,the elevation of underwater sound levels from increased human activities has adversely affected cetaceans’use of sound to perform vital life *** address those impacts,scientific studies have been conducted to understand the behavioral,psychoacoustical,physiological,and physical responses by cetaceans that have been exposed to anthropogenic *** studies range from captive experiments involving auditory thresholds and noise-induced threshold shifts,to field observations of behavioral disturbance from sound exposure,to post-mortem examinations of physical manifestations in stranded *** the years,results from these studies have assisted regulatory agencies in developing a series of criteria and thresholds for cetacean conservation and management around the *** paper provides a high-level overview of worldwide research efforts that have been dedicated to understanding the effects of underwater sound on *** review is not intended to be exhaustive but rather to capture major efforts and significant findings in this *** addition,the review excludes synthesis studies and modeling exercises that do not involve direct research on target species.

关键词： Cetacean Anthropogenic sound underwater sound exposure Behavioral disturbance Environmental impact assessment Behavioral response Noise-induced threshold shift

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