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Classification of congenital cataracts based on multidimensional phenotypes and its association with visual outcomes

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第3期17卷 473-479页

作者： Yuan Tan Ying-Shi Zou Ying-Lin Yu Le-Yi Hu Ting Zhang Hui Chen Ling Jin Duo-Ru Lin Yi-Zhi Liu Hao-Tian Lin Zhen-Zhen Liu State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology Zhongshan Ophthalmic CenterSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual ScienceGuangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular DiseasesGuangzhou 510060Guangdong ProvinceChina

●AIM:To establish a classification for congenital cataracts that can facilitate individualized treatment and help identify individuals with a high likelihood of different visual outcomes.●METHODS:Consecutive patients diagnosed with congenital cataracts and undergoing surgery between January 2005 and November 2021 were *** on visual outcomes and the phenotypic characteristics of ocular biometry and the anterior and posterior segments were extracted from the patients’medical records.A hierarchical cluster analysis was *** main outcome measure was the identification of distinct clusters of eyes with congenital cataracts.●RESULTS:A total of 164 children(299 eyes)were divided into two clusters based on their ocular *** 1(96 eyes)had a shorter axial length(mean±SD,19.44±1.68 mm),a low prevalence of macular abnormalities(1.04%),and no retinal abnormalities or posterior *** 2(203 eyes)had a greater axial length(mean±SD,20.42±2.10 mm)and a higher prevalence of macular abnormalities(8.37%),retinal abnormalities(98.52%),and posterior cataracts(4.93%).Compared with the eyes in Cluster 2(57.14%),those in Cluster 1(71.88%)had a 2.2 times higher chance of good best-corrected visual acuity[<0.7 logMAR;OR(95%CI),2.20(1.25–3.81);P=0.006].●CONCLUSION:This retrospective study categorizes congenital cataracts into two distinct clusters,each associated with a different likelihood of visual *** innovative classification may enable the personalization and prioritization of early interventions for patients who may gain the greatest benefit,thereby making strides toward precision medicine in the field of congenital cataracts.

关键词： classification congenital cataract phenotype visual acuity cluster analysis

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Human pangenome:far-reaching implications in precision medicine

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第2期18卷 403-409页

作者： Yingyan Yu Hongzhuan Chen Department of General Surgery of Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgeryand Shanghai Key Laboratory for Gastric NeoplasmsShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai200025China Shuguang Lab for Future Health Shanghai Frontier Science Center of TCM Chemical BiologyShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai201203China

*** May 11,2023,the internationally renowned journal Nature announced that a first draft of the human pangenome reference has been constructed[1].This research was carried out by the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium(HPRC).One month later,on June 14,2023,a pangenome reference of 36 Chinese populations was published on journal Nature[2],which was performed by Chinese Pangenome Consortium(CPC).As the scientists pointed out that since the Human Genome Project(HGP)published the human reference genome,it provided a reference blueprint for genomic ***,the limitations of the human reference genome have gradually emerged,and it is difficult to reflect the genome diversity of the"human"species.

关键词： Human journal limitations

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Nanoformulations targeting immune cells for cancer therapy: mRNA therapeutics

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第5期23卷 438-470页

作者： Wei Yang Jianwei Cao Hui Cheng Liang Chen Meihua Yu Yu Chen Xingang Cui Department of Urology Xinhua HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong University1665 Kongjiang RoadShanghai200092PR China Materdicine Lab School of Life SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai200444PR China

The approved worldwide use of two messenger RNA(mRNA)vaccines(BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273)in late 2020 has proven the remarkable success of mRNA therapeutics together with lipid nanoformulation technology in protecting people against coronaviruses during COVID-19 *** unprecedented and exciting dual strategy with nanoformulations and mRNA therapeutics in play is believed to be a promising paradigm in targeted cancer immunotherapy in *** advances in nanoformulation technologies play a prominent role in adapting mRNA platform in cancer *** this review,we introduce the biologic principles and advancements of mRNA technology,and chemistry fundamentals of intriguing mRNA delivery *** discuss the latest promising nano-mRNA therapeutics for enhanced cancer immunotherapy by modulation of targeted specific subtypes of immune cells,such as dendritic cells(DCs)at peripheral lymphoid organs for initiating mRNA cancer vaccine-mediated antigen specific immunotherapy,and DCs,natural killer(NK)cells,cytotoxic T cells,or multiple immunosuppressive immune cells at tumor microenvironment(TME)for reversing immune *** highlight the clinical progress of advanced nano-mRNA therapeutics in targeted cancer therapy and provide our perspectives on future directions of this transformative integrated technology toward clinical implementation.

关键词： mRNA delivery Nanoformulations Cancer immunotherapy mRNA therapeutics Targeted cancer therapy

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Association between Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2019年第2期32卷 75-86页

作者： LI Lin WANG Long LIU Shan Shan ZHAO Zhi Yun LI Mian WANG Tian Ge XU Min LU Jie Li CHEN Yu Hong WANG Shuang Yuan DAI Meng HOU Ya Nan WU Xue Yan MA Li Na WANG Wei Qing XU Yu BI Yu Fang National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases and Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Rui-Jin Hospital Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine

Objective The objective of this study is to determine whether coronary atherosclerotic plaque composition is associated with cardiovascular disease(CVD) risk in Chinese adults. Methods We performed a cross-sectional analysis in 549 subjects without previous diagnosis or clinical symptoms of CVD in a community cohort of middle-aged Chinese adults. The participants underwent coronary computed tomography(CT) angiography for the evaluation of the presence and composition of coronary plaques. CVD risk was evaluated by the Framingham risk score(FRS) and the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD) risk score. Results Among the 549 participants, 267(48.6%) had no coronary plaques, 201(36.6%) had noncalcified coronary plaques, and 81(14.8%) had calcified or mixed coronary plaques. The measures of CVD risk including FRS and ASCVD risk score and the likelihood of having elevated FRS significantly increased across the groups of participants without coronary plaques, with noncalcified coronary plaques, and with calcified or mixed coronary plaques. However, only calcified or mixed coronary plaques were significantly associated with an elevated ASCVD risk score [odds ratio(OR) 2.41; 95% confidence interval(CI) 1.09-5.32] compared with no coronary plaques, whereas no significant association was found for noncalcified coronary plaques and elevated ASCVD risk score(OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.71-2.21) after multivariable adjustment. Conclusion Calcified or mixed coronary plaques might be more associated with an elevated likelihood of having CVD than noncalcified coronary plaques.

关键词： Coronary plaque composition Framingham risk score 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk score

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Association between the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and New-onset Subclinical Macrovascular and Microvascular Diseases in the Chinese Population

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第1期35卷 4-12页

作者： WANG Jia Lu CAO Qiu Yu XIN Zhuo Jun LIU Shan Shan XU Min WANG Tian Ge LU Jie Li CHEN Yu Hong WANG Shuang Yuan ZHAO Zhi Yun XU Yu NING Guang WANG Wei Qing BI Yu Fang LI Mian Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

Objective The association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)with subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases has been less *** sought to examine the association between NLR and new-onset subclinical macrovascular and microvascular abnormalities in the Chinese *** From a community cohort,we included 6,430 adults aged≥40 years without subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases at *** measured subclinical macrovascular and microvascular abnormalities separately using the ankle-brachial index(ABI),brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV),and *** During a mean follow-up of 4.3 years,110 participants developed incident abnormal ABI,746 participants developed incident elevated baPWV,and 503 participants developed incident *** regression analysis indicated that NLR was significantly associated with an increased risk of newonset abnormal ABI,elevated baPWV,and *** to overweight/obese participants,we found a much stronger association between NLR and subclinical vascular abnormalities in participants with normal ***,we found an interaction between the NLR and body mass index(BMI)on the risk of new-onset abnormal ABI(P for interaction:0.01).Conclusion NLR was associated with subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases in the Chinese ***,in participants with normal weight,the association between NLR and subclinical vascular abnormalities was much stronger.

关键词： Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio Subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases Body mass index Prospective cohort study

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Ideal Cardiovascular Health is Inversely Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis: A Prospective Analysis

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期32卷 260-271页

作者： WANG Long NIU Jing Ya ZHAO Zhi Yun LI Mian XU Min LU Jie Li WANG Tian Ge CHEN Yu Hong WANG Shuang Yuan DAI Meng LI Lin LIU Shan Shan WANG Wei Qing XU Yu BI Yu Fang National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseasesand Department of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRui-Jin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine

Objective Ideal cardiovascular health(CVH) could predict a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the association between ideal CVH and subclinical atherosclerosis in a population cohort of Chinese adults aged ≥ 40 years. Methods This study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis of 8,395 participants who had complete data at baseline and a prospective analysis of 4,879 participants who had complete data at 4.3 years of follow-up. Ideal CVH metrics were defined according to the American Heart Association. Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by plaques in carotid arteries, carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio(UACR). Results Both the prevalence and incidence of atherosclerosis measures were found to be decreased with increasing numbers of ideal CVH metrics at baseline(all P values for trend < 0.01). The levels of CIMT and UACR at follow-up showed an inverse and significant association with the numbers of ideal CVH metrics at baseline(both P values for trend < 0.05) but a borderline significant association with baPWV(P for trend = 0.0505). Taking participants with 0-1 ideal metric as reference, we found that participants with 5-6 ideal metrics had significantly lower risks of developing carotid plaques(odds ratio, OR = 0.46; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.27-0.79), increased CIMT(OR = 0.60; 95% CI 0.42-0.84), and increased baPWV(OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.34-0.97) after full adjustments. A significant interactive effect of age and CVH was detected on CIMT and baPWV progression(both P values for interaction < 0.05). Conclusion The numbers of ideal CVH metrics showed a significant and inverse association with the risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults, whereas its dose-response effect was attenuated in individuals aged ≥ 60 years and partially weakened in male participants.

关键词： Cardiovascular health Subclinical atherosclerosis Cohort

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New definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity and albuminuria: a prospective cohort study

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Frontiers of Medicine 2022年第5期16卷 714-722页

作者： Jialu Wang Shanshan Liu Qiuyu Cao Shujing Wu Jingya Niu Ruizhi Zheng Lizhan Bie Zhuojun Xin Yuanyue Zhu Shuangyuan Wang Hong Lin Tiange Wang Min Xu Jieli Lu Yuhong Chen Yiping Xu Weiqing Wang Guang Ning Yu Xu Mian Li Yufang Bi Zhiyun Zhao Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR ChinaShanghai Key Laboratory for Endocrine TumorState Key Laboratory of Medical GenomicsRuijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China Clinical Trials Center Ruijin HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025China

A new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)has recently been *** aim to examine the associations of MAFLD,particularly its discordance from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),with the progression of elevated brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV)and albuminuria in a community-based study sample in Shanghai,*** 4.3 years of follow-up,778 participants developed elevated baPWV and 499 developed *** comparison with the non-MAFLD group,the multivariable adjusted odds ratio(OR)of MAFLD group for new-onset elevated baPWV was 1.25(95%confidence interval(CI)1.01–1.55)and 1.35(95%CI 1.07–1.70)for *** without NAFLD but diagnosed according to MAFLD definition were associated with higher risk of incident albuminuria(OR 1.77;95%CI 1.07–2.94).Patients with MAFLD with high value of hepamet fibrosis score or poor-controlled diabetes had higher risk of elevated baPWV or *** conclusion,MAFLD was associated with new-onset elevated baPWV and albuminuria independently of body mass index,waist circumference,and hip *** without NAFLD but diagnosed as MAFLD had high risk of albuminuria,supporting that MAFLD criteria would be practical for the evaluation of long-term risk of subclinical atherosclerosis among fatty liver patients.

关键词： metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity albuminuria

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Chemical vapor deposited diamond with versatile grades:from gemstone to quantum electronics

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2022年第1期16卷 17-54页

作者： Yuting ZHENG Chengming LI Jinlong LIU Junjun WEI Xiaotong ZHANG Haitao YE Xiaoping OUYANG Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology(IAMT) State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Shunde Graduate school University of Science and Technology BeijingFoshan 528399China school of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China school of Engineering University of LeicesterLeicester LE17RHUK school of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105China

Chemical vapor deposited(CVD)diamond as a burgeoning multifunctional material with tailored quality and characteristics can be artificially synthesized and controlled for various ***,the application-related“grade”concept associated with materials choice and design was gradually formulated,of which the availability and the performance are optimally *** this review,the explicit diversity of CVD diamond and the clarification of typical grades for applications,i.e.,from resplendent gem-grade to promising quantum-grade,were systematically summarized and discussed,according to the crystal quality and main consideration of ubiquitous nitrogen impurity content as well as major *** of those,from quantum-grade with near-ideal crystal to electronic-grade having extremely low imperfections and then to optical,thermal as well as mechanical-grade needing controlled flaws and allowable impurities,would competently fulfill the multi-field application prospects with appropriate choice in terms of cost and ***,wide range defects and impurities in the gem-grade diamond(only indicating single crystal),which are detrimental for technology applications,endows CVD crystals with fancy colors to challenge their natural counterparts.

关键词： CVD diamond synthesis and characterization quality and impurity grading application

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