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Polarized imaging dynamic light scattering for simultaneous measurement of nanoparticle size and morphology

Particuology 2024年第2期85卷 213-223页

作者： Bingyao Wang Tianyi Cai Xiaoshu Cai Wu Zhou Zeqi Liu Schoolof Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering Shanghai200093China Jiaxing MeaParTech Instrument Technology Co. LtdZhejiang314000China

The performance of nanoparticles is often affected by particle size and morphology.Currently,electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy is typically utilized to determine the size and morphology of nanoparticles.However,there are issues such as difficult sample preparation,long processing times,and challenges in quantitative characterization.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop a fast,accu-rate,and statistical method to measure the size and morphology of nanoparticles.In this study,a new method,called polarized imaging dynamic light scattering(PIDLS),is proposed.The nanoparticles are irradiated with a vertical linearly polarized laser beam,and a polarization camera collected the dynamic light scattering images of particles at four different polarization directions(0°,45°,90°,and 135°)at a scattering angle of 90°.The average particle size and distribution are obtained using the imaging dy-namic light scattering method at 0°polarization direction,and the morphology of the particles is ob-tained based on the depolarization patterns of the scattered light.The optical sphericityΦis defined based on the degree of linear polarization(DoLP).It is also implemented for the quantitative evaluation of the sphericity of the nanoparticles,including spherical,octahedral,nanoplate,nanorod,and linear ones.Together with the Poincarésphere parameterψ,the morphology of the nanoparticles can be roughly identified.In addition,PIDLS enables the measurement of particle size and morphology distributions simultaneously for evaluating the uniformity of particles.The effectiveness of PIDLS is verified by the measurement of five kinds of industrial titanium dioxide as well.

关键词： Imaging dynamic light scattering Polarized light scattering Non-spherical nanoparticles Morphology Online measurement

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Resilience-oriented Transmission Expansion Planning with Optimal Transmission Switching Under Typhoon Weather

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 129-138页

作者： Yang Yuan Heng Zhang Haozhong Cheng Zheng Wang Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion Ministry of EducationElectrical Engineering DepartmentShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina State Grid East China Branch ShanghaiChina

This paper presents resilience-oriented transmission expansion planning(RTEP)with optimal transmission switching(OTS)model under typhoon weather.The proposed model carefully considers the uncertainty of component vulnerability by constructing a typhoon-related box uncertainty set where component failure rate varies within a range closely related with typhoon intensity.Accordingly,a min-max-min model is developed to enhance transmission network resilience,where the upper level minimizes transmission lines investment,the middle level searches for the probability distribution of failure status leading to max worst-case expected load-shedding(WCEL)under typhoon,and the lower level optimizes WCEL by economic dispatch(ED)and OTS.A nested decomposition algorithm based on benders decomposition is developed to solve the model.Case studies of modified IEEE 30-bus and 261-bus system of a Chinese region illustrate that:a)the proposed RTEP method can enhance resilience of transmission network with less investment than widely used RTEP method based on attacker and defender(DAD)model,b)the influence of OTS on RTEP is closely related with contingency severity and system scale and c)the RTEP model can be efficiently solved even in a large-scale system.

关键词： Decomposition algorithm optimal transmission switching resilience transmission expansion planning uncertainty vulnerability

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Effect of catalyst diesel particulate filter aging and catalyst loadings on particulate emission characteristics from a diesel vehicle

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 35-44页

作者： Yunhua Zhang Diming Lou Piqiang Tan Zhiyuan Hu Liang Fang School of Automotive Studies Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

In this study,the effect of new and used catalyzed diesel particulate filter(CDPF)with different catalyst loadings on the particulate emissions including the particle mass(PM),particle number(PN),particle size distribution(PSD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)from a diesel vehicle were investigated based on a heavy chassis dynamometer.Results showed that more than 97.9%of the PN and 95.4%of the PM were reduced by the CDPF,and the reduction efficiency was enhanced by the catalyst loading.After using the CDPF,the PSD transformed from bimodal to trimodal with the peak shifting towards smaller particle size,more nucleation mode particles were reduced compared with accumulation mode ones,but the reduction effect on the accumulation mode particles was more significantly influenced by the catalyst loading.Notably,the CDPF increased the accumulation mode particles proportion,producing a larger GMD.For the used CDPF,its reduction effect on the particulate emissions enhanced,especially for the PM in accumulation mode.The PSD returned to bimodal,but the peak at accumulation mode began to be higher than that at nucleation mode,illustrating that more nucleation mode particles was removed.The aging of the CDPF resulted in greater effect on the PN-based PSD than that of PM-based PSD,but the effect of catalyst loading on the PN and PM emission factors was weakened.The used CDPF further increased the GMD,and the effect of catalyst loading on the GMD was strengthened,a higher catalyst loading led to a reduction in the GMD.

关键词： Catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) Catalyst loading Aging Particle Particle size distribution Geometric mean diameter

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Novel lactylation-related signature to predict prognosis for pancreatic adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第19期30卷 2575-2602页

作者： Tian Peng Fang Sun Jia-Chun Yang Mei-Hong Cai Man-Xiu Huai Jia-Xing Pan Fei-Yu Zhang Lei-Ming Xu Department of Gastroenterology Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092China

BACKGROUND Lactate,previously considered a metabolic byproduct,is pivotal in cancer progression and maintaining the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.Further investigations confirmed that lactate is a primary regulator,introducing recently described post-translational modifications of histone and non-histone proteins,termed lysine lactylation.Pancreatic adenocarcinomas are characterized by increased glycolysis and lactate accumulation.However,our understanding of lactylation-related genes in pancreatic adenocarcinomas remains limited.AIM To construct a novel lactylation-related gene signature to predict the survival of patients with pancreatic cancer.METHODS RNA-seq and clinical data of pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PDAC)were obtained from the GTEx(Genotype-Tissue Expression)and TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas)databases via Xena Explorer,and GSE62452 datasets from GEO.Data on lactylation-related genes were obtained from publicly available sources.Differential expressed genes(DEGs)were acquired by using R package“DESeq2”in R.Univariate COX regression analysis,LASSO Cox and multivariate Cox regressions were produced to construct the lactylation-related prognostic model.Further analyses,including functional enrichment,ESTIMATE,and CIBERSORT,were performed to analyze immune status and treatment responses in patients with pancreatic cancer.PDAC and normal human cell lines were subjected to western blot analysis under lactic acid intervention;two PDAC cell lines with the most pronounced lactylation were selected.Subsequently,RT-PCR was employed to assess the expression of LRGs genes;SLC16A1,which showed the highest expression,was selected for further investigation.SLC16A1-mediated lactylation was analyzed by immunofluorescence,lactate production analysis,colony formation,transwell,and wound healing assays to investigate its role in promoting the proliferation and migration of PDAC cells.In vivo validation was performed using an established tumor model.RESULTS In this study,we successfully identified 10 differentially e

关键词： Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Lactylation Prognosis Immunotherapy Tumor microenvironment

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A Low Cost, Green Sustainable and Biodegradable Biomass-based Fluorine-free Water and Oil Repellent

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第4期42卷 480-491页

作者： Zhi-Wei Shen Shu-Feng Hu Chen Zeng Wei-Qing Kong Mei-Fang Zhu State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers&Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering School of Light Industry and EngineeringSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510630China

With the global ban on plastics intensifying, the substitution of plastic with paper has garnered increasing attention. However, the inadequate water and oil repellency of pulp molding hinders its practical applications. Currently, the common method to enhance the oil and water repellency of pulp molding is by adding fluorinated water and oil repellents. Nevertheless, fluorinated compounds are environmentally and physiologically harmful. Therefore, the development of fluorine-free, water and oil repellent alternatives is crucial. In this study, chitosan and stearic acid were utilized as the first and second layers of the oil and water repellent coatings, respectively. The coated samples exhibited favorable water repellency, with a water contact angle of 116.4°, and excellent oil repellency, achieving a 12/12 rating on the kit scale. Importantly, the samples did not exhibit any leakage after being soaked in hot water and hot oil at 95±5℃ for 30 min, demonstrating remarkable performance as a barrier against hot water and oil. Moreover, the coated samples displayed outstanding mechanical properties, thermal stability, biodegradability, and recyclability. The approach presented in this study is simple, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and represents a promising technique for producing fluoride-free, oil-and water-resistant pulp molding products.

关键词： Biomass Fluoride-free Oil-andwater-resistant Plasticfree

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Building Feedback-Regulation System Through Atomic Design for Highly Active SO_(2)Sensing

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第7期16卷 343-357页

作者： Xin Jia Panzhe Qiao Xiaowu Wang Muyu Yan Yang Chen Bao-Li An Pengfei Hu Bo Lu Jing Xu Zhenggang Xue Jiaqiang Xu NEST Lab Department of ChemistryCollege of SciencesShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility Zhangjiang LabShanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201204People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering(MOE) School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China shanghai University Instrumental Analysis&Research Center of Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444People’s Republic of China

Reasonably constructing an atomic interface is pronouncedly essential for surface-related gas-sensing reaction.Herein,we present an ingen-ious feedback-regulation system by changing the interactional mode between single Pt atoms and adjacent S species for high-efficiency SO_(2)sensing.We found that the single Pt sites on the MoS_(2)surface can induce easier volatiliza-tion of adjacent S species to activate the whole inert S plane.Reversely,the activated S species can provide a feedback role in tailoring the antibonding-orbital electronic occupancy state of Pt atoms,thus creating a combined system involving S vacancy-assisted single Pt sites(Pt-Vs)to synergistically improve the adsorption ability of SO_(2)gas molecules.Further-more,in situ Raman,ex situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy testing and density functional theory analysis demonstrate the intact feedback-regulation system can expand the electron transfer path from single Pt sites to whole Pt-MoS_(2)supports in SO_(2)gas atmosphere.Equipped with wireless-sensing modules,the final Pt1-MoS_(2)-def sensors array can further realize real-time monitoring of SO_(2)levels and cloud-data storage for plant growth.Such a fundamental understanding of the intrinsic link between atomic interface and sensing mechanism is thus expected to broaden the rational design of highly effective gas sensors.

关键词： Feedback-regulation system Atomic interface SO_(2)sensor Single-atom sensing mechanism Intelligent-sensing array

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第1期11卷 358-366页

作者： Xinrui Dong Ye Li Xiaonan Sheng Weihang Zhou Aijun Sun Huijuan Dai Department of Breast Surgery Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Thyroid and Breast Oncological Surgery Xuzhou Medical College Affiliated Huaian HospitalHuai'anJiangsu 223001China

Ferroptosis is a novel form of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent excessive lipid peroxidation.The core organelle involved in ferroptosis is mitochondria.Mito-chondria undergoing ferroptosis are distinct from normal mitochondria in terms of morphology,biochemistry,gene expression,and energy metabolism.An increasing number of studies have shown that mitochondria and their associated metabolic pathways mediate ferroptosis in the development and progression of breast cancer.In this review,we discuss the relevant research about ferroptosis in breast cancer and provide a comprehensive summary of mitochondrial regulation in ferroptosis from the perspective of lipid metabolism,oxidative phosphorylation,ion metabolism,glycometabolism,and nucleotide metabolism.We also summarize the appli-cation of mitochondrial metabolism-related pathways as ferroptosis treatment targets.Here we provide new insights into the relationship between mitochondria,ferroptosis,and breast cancertreatment.

关键词： Breast cancer Cancer treatment Ferroptosis Lipid metabolism Mitochondria Oxidative phosphorylation

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Investigating the Mechanism of Qu Du Qiang Fei 1 Hao Fang Formula against Coronavirus Disease 2019 Based on Network Pharmacology Method

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World Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2024年第1期10卷 93-103页

作者： Yuan-Hua Wang He-Yang Zhou Jin-Yun Ma Gui-Qing Ding Hua Yu Yong-Sheng Jin Xiao-Dong Cheng Institute of Clinical Immunology Yue-Yang Hospital of Integrative MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina School of Pharmacy Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina

Objective:Qu Du Qiang Fei 1 Hao Fang(QDQF1)is a novel Chinese herbal medicine formula used to treat coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the pharmacological mechanisms of action of QDQF1 remain unclear.The objective of this study was to identify the effective ingredients and biological targets of QDQF1 for COVID-19 treatment.Materials and Methods:The effective ingredients and mechanisms of action of QDQF1 were analyzed by using network pharmacology methods,which included an analysis of the effective ingredients and corresponding targets,COVID-19-related target acquisition,compound-target network analyses,protein-protein interaction network analysis,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)and Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analyses,and molecular docking studies.Results:In total,288 effective QDQF1 ingredients were identified.We identified 51 core targets from the 148 targets through an overlap between putative QDQF1 targets and COVID-19-related targets.Six key components,including formononetin,kaempferol,luteolin,naringenin,quercetin,and wogonin were identified through component-target network analyses.GO functional enrichment analysis of the core targets revealed 1296 items,while KEGG pathway enrichment analysis identified 148 signaling pathways.Nine central targets(CCL2,CXCL8,IL1B,IL6,MAPK1,MAPK3,MAPK8,STAT3,and TNF)related to the COVID-19 pathway were identified in the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis.Furthermore,molecular docking analysis suggested that the docking scores of the six key components to the nine central targets were better than those to remdesivir.Conclusions:QDQF1 may regulate multiple immune-and inflammation-related targets to inhibit the progression of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,and thus,may be suitable for the treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： Coronavirus disease 2019 molecular docking molecular mechanism network pharmacology Qu Du Qiang Fei 1 Hao Fang formula

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Evaluating two stages of silicone-containing arylene resin oxidation via experiment and molecular simulation

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第2期66卷 189-202页

作者： Jiangtao Cai Qingfu Huang Huan Chen Tao Zhang Bo Niu Yayun Zhang Donghui Long Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Key Laboratory of Special Functional Polymeric Materials and Related Technology(Ministry of Education) School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Silicon-containing aryl acetylene resin(PSA)is a new type of high-temperature resistant resin with excellent oxidation resistance,whereas antioxidant reaction mechanism of PSA resin under ultra-high temperatures still remains unclear.Herein,the oxidation behavior and mechanisms of PSA resin are systematically investigated combining kinetic analysis and Reax FF molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.Thermogravimetric analysis indicates that the oxidation process of PSA resin undergoes two main steps:oxidative mass gain and oxidative degradation.The distributed activation energy model(DAEM)is employed for describing oxidation processes and the best-fit one is obtained using genetic algorithms and differential evolution.DAEM model demonstrates that the oxidative weight gain stage is dominated by two virtual reactants and the oxidative degradation stage consists of three virtual reactants.Correspondingly,the observation of MD reaction pathways indicates that oxygen oxidation of unsaturated structures occurs in the initial stage,which results in the formation of PSA resin oxides.Furthermore,cracked pieces react with O_(2)to generate CO and other chemicals in the second step.The resin matrix's great antioxidation resilience is illustrated by the formation of SiO_(2).The analysis based on MD simulations exhibits an efficient computational proof with the experiments and DAEM methods.Based on the results,a two-stage reaction mechanism is proposed,which provides important theoretical support for the subsequent study of the oxidation behavior of silica-based resins.

关键词： PSA resin Oxidative degradation Thermogravimetric analysis DAEM reaction kinetics ReaxFF simulation

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EGFR-targeted and gemcitabine-incorporated chemogene for combinatorial pancreatic cancer treatment

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Nano Research 2024年第2期17卷 848-857页

作者： Miao Xie Qiushuang Zhang Yuanyuan Guo Lijuan Zhu Xinyuan Zhu Chuan Zhang School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative MoleculesInstitute of Molecular MedicineSixth people’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral DrugsShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Department of Radiology Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200233China Institute of Molecular Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China

Pancreatic cancer stands out as a recognized intractable tumor due to its high malignancy and mortality rates,which are largely attributed to the insensitivity of current clinical chemotherapies or multidrug-resistance.Combinatorial chemo and gene therapy that integrates different therapeutic targets,may increase the chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer and synergistically enhance the antitumor efficacy.However,conventional co-delivery of gene and chemo drugs is intensively dependent on complex nanoparticle delivery systems,thus would be limited by unstable drug packaging,nonspecific biodistribution,and biosafety problem.Herein,we rationally designed an epidermal growth factor-receptor(EGFR)-targeted and gemcitabine-incorporated oligonucleotide(termed as chemogene)with anti-Bcl-2 sequence,which achieves simple and precise integration of gemcitabine into a gene regulative agent,as well as the EGFR-targeted delivery for pancreatic cancer therapy.Through solid-phase synthesis,gemcitabine,as the first-line chemodrug for pancreatic cancer,is introduced to the antisense oligonucleotide to replace all cytosine nucleosides to obtain the gemcitabine-integrated chemogene(Ge-ASO^(Bcl-2)).Thereafter,Ge-ASO^(Bcl-2)is covalently coupled with EGFR nanobody to construct the final targeted chemogene without any exogenous carriers.Notably,this nanobody-conjugated chemogene exhibits remarkable tumor targeting capability and antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo,which initiates a first step toward the application of combinatorial chemo and gene therapy for future pancreatic cancer treatment.

关键词： antisense oligonucleotide chemogene nanobody drug delivery system pancreatic cancer

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