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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2023年第1期53卷 46-55页

作者： P.M.Patil Bharath Goudar Department of Mathematics Karnatak UniversityPavate NagarDharwad 580003India Wrangler Dr.D.C.Pavate Institute of Mathematical Sciences Karnatak UniversityDharwad 580003India

Diffusions of multiple components have numerous applications such as underground water flow, pollutant movement, stratospheric warming, and food processing. Particularly, liquid hydrogen is used in the cooling process of the aeroplane. Further, liquid nitrogen can find applications in cooling equipment or electronic devices, i.e., high temperature superconducting(HTS) cables. So, herein, we have analysed the entropy generation(EG), nonlinear thermal radiation and unsteady(time-dependent) nature of the flow on quadratic combined convective flow over a permeable slender cylinder with diffusions of liquid hydrogen and nitrogen. The governing equations for flow and heat transfer characteristics are expressed in terms of nonlinear coupled partial differential equations. The solutions of these equations are attempted numerically by employing the quasilinearization technique with the implicit finite difference approximation. It is found that EG is minimum for double diffusion(liquid hydrogen and heat diffusion)than triple diffusion(diffusion of liquid hydrogen, nitrogen and heat). The enhancing values of the radiation parameter R_(d) and temperature ratio θ_(w) augment the fluid temperature for steady and unsteady cases as well as the local Nusselt number. Because, the fluid absorbs the heat energy released due to radiation, and in turn releases the heat energy from the cylinder to the surrounding surface.

关键词： Unsteady flow Entropy Radiation Quasilinearization technique Numerical analysis Quadratic combined convection

Computer-Assisted Real-Time Rice Variety Learning Using Deep Learning Network

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Rice science 2022年第5期29卷 489-498页

作者： Pandia Rajan JEYARAJ Siva Prakash ASOKAN Edward Rajan SAMUEL NADAR Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Mepco Schlenk Engineering CollegeSivakasi 626005India

Due to the inconsistency of rice variety,agricultural industry faces an important challenge of rice grading and classification by the traditional grading *** existing grading system is manual,which introduces stress and strain to humans due to visual *** rice grading system development has been proposed as a promising research area in computer *** this study,an accurate deep learning-based non-contact and cost-effective rice grading system was developed by rice appearance and *** proposed system provided real-time processing by using a NI-myRIO with a high-resolution camera and user *** firstly trained the network by a rice public dataset to extract rice discriminative ***,by using transfer learning,the pre-trained network was used to locate the region by extracting a feature *** proposed deep learning model was tested using two public standard datasets and a prototype real-time scanning *** AlexNet architecture,we obtained an average accuracy of 98.2%with 97.6%sensitivity and 96.4%*** validate the real-time performance of proposed rice grading classification system,various performance indices were calculated and compared with the existing *** simulation and real-time experiment evaluations confirmed the robustness and reliability of the proposed rice grading system.

关键词： deep learning algorithm rice defect classification computer vision agriculture automated visual grading system

Pattern of spatial variability in granulometric and mineralogical characteristics across an ecologically sensitive sub-tropical wetland(Bihar, India)

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第4期38卷 516-529页

作者： Alvia Aslam Rajesh Kumar Ranjan Avinash Dass Department of Environmental Science Central University of South Bihar

Floodplain wetlands are dynamic systems undergoing frequent hydro-sedimentological changes. Tropical/subtropical wetlands have even more pronounced climatic and biological influences on the sediment dynamics. In the current study, a protected subtropical wetland in Bihar(India) has been assessed for its sedimentary and mineralogical status. Sediment characteristics and associated granulometric parameters are discussed to highlight the wetland’s hydrogeomorphic character, energy dimension, and the depositional processes taking place. Statistical grain size parameters like graphic mean, graphic skewness,graphic kurtosis, and their interrelations studies have helped in understanding the sources of deposited materials. Multivariate statistics have identified, sand fractions, measures of central tendencies(mean,median, and mode), percent organic matter(%OM) and percent carbonates(%carbonates) as primary factors explaining the maximum variance in the data. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test has identified %sand, %clay, electrical conductivity(EC), and %carbonates as the major factors responsible for significant spatial variability. The grain texture analysis shows that the majority of samples fall in the brackets of clayey silt; silty sand; and sand, silt, and clay. Common mineral components associated with these are quartz, feldspar, clay minerals, etc. The range for the mean grain size lies between 3Φ to 9Φ(Φ is diameter of the sediments) where most of the grain size distributions are symmetrically to fine symmetrically skewed, indicating intermediate energy to adjust to environmental conditions. The granulometric and physicochemical characteristics of the sediment samples also indicate the directional distribution pattern of sediment along the hydrological pathway. Future studies concentrating on the fluvial discharges of water and sediment will be highly insightful in reconstructing the past net sediment accumulation processes in the Baraila Wetland.

关键词： Grain size analysis Hydrodynamic energy Mineralogy Allogenic source Terrigenous input Wetland

Effect of multilayer CrN/CrAlN coating on the corrosion and contact resistance behavior of 316L SS bipolar plate for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第2期97卷 134-146页

作者： S.Pugal Mani P.Agilan M.Kalaiarasan K.Ravichandran N.Rajendran Y.Meng Department of Analytical Chemistry University of MadrasChennai-25India Department of Chemistry Anna UniversityChennai-25India State Key Laboratory of Tribology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Stainless steels have received wide attention as a substitute material for bipolar plates in high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell(HT-PEMFC).In the present work,the CrN,CrAlN and multilayer CrN/CrAlN coatings were deposited on 316 L SS to increase the corrosion resistance and decrease the interfacial contact *** deposited coatings exhibited face centered cubic phase structure and it was verified from the X-ray diffraction pattern.X-ray photo electron spectroscopy results showed the formation of both CrN and CrAlN layers on 316 L ***/CrAlN coating is more helpful in water management due to low surface roughness and high contact angle in the HT-PEMFC *** corrosion resistance behavior of all the samples were studied in 85%H_(3)PO_(4)solution at 140℃purged with H_(2)(HT-PEMFC anode)and O_(2)(HT-PEMFC cathode)*** results showed that all the coatings considerably improved the performance of 316 L SS and superior corrosion resistance was observed for CrN/CrAlN multilayer coating,whose protective efficiency was 98.12%and 96.14%in the two simulated HT-PEMFC *** results of electrochemical impedance spectroscopic studies demonstrated higher impedance for CrN/CrAlN *** morphological studies performed after corrosion studies revealed that protection ability of CrN/CrAlN coating still remained acceptable.A very low interfacial contact resistance value of 6 mΩ cm^(2) at 140 N/cm;was observed for CrN/CrAlN ***,after corrosion studies,the interfacial contact resistance value of CrN/CrAlN coated 316 L was much lower than that of CrN and CrAlN coatings due to the increased oxidation *** maximum power density of about 0.93 W/cm^(2) at 2 A/cm^(2) and output voltage of 0.96 V was observed for CrN/CrAlN coating.

关键词： Bipolar plate 316L SS Corrosion Contact resistance Contact angle Surface roughness

Germplasm Resources,Genes and Perspective for Aromatic Rice

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Rice science 2023年第4期30卷 294-305页

作者： Prafulla Kumar BEHERA Debabrata PANDA Department of Biodiversity and Conservation of Natural Resources Central University of OdishaKoraput 764003OdishaIndia

Aromatic rice is considered an important commodity in the global market because of its strong aroma and eating and cooking *** countries,such as India and Pakistan,are the leading traders of Basmati rice,whereas Thailand is the major supplier of Jasmine rice in the international *** strong aroma of rice is associated with more than 300 volatile compounds,among which 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)is the principal component.2-AP is a phenotypic expression of spontaneous mutations in the recessive gene OsBadh2 or *** present review focuses on the origin,evolution and diversity of genetic resources of aromatic rice available worldwide.A brief discussion is presented on the genes responsible for quality traits along with details of their molecular *** compilation and discussion will be useful for future breeding programs and the biofortification of quality traits of aromatic rice to ensure food security and nutritional need.

关键词： aromatic rice 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline polyamine degradation pathway quality trait

Spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO_(2) over India using radiocarbon measurements in crop plants

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第2期124卷 19-30页

作者： Rajveer Sharma Ravi Kumar Kunchala Sunil Ojha Pankaj Kumar Satinath Gargari Sundeep Chopra Inter University Accelerator Centre New Delhi 110067India Centre for Atmospheric Sciences Indian Institute of Technology DelhiNew Delhi 110016India

Examining the contribution of fossil fuel CO_(2) to the total CO_(2) changes in the atmosphere is of primary concern due to its alarming levels of fossil fuel emissions over the globe,specifically developing *** radiocarbon represents an important observational constraint and utilized to trace fossil fuel derived CO_(2)(CO_(2ff))in the *** the first time,we have presented a detailed analysis on the spatial distribution of fossil fuel derived CO_(2)(CO_(2ff))over India using radiocarbon(Δ14C)measurements during three-year *** shows that theΔ14C values are varying between 29.33‰ to-34.06‰ across India in the year 2017,where highest value belongs to a location from Gujarat while lowest value belongs to a location from *** on the14C patterns,spatial distributions of CO_(2ff) mole fractions have been determined over India and the calculated values of CO_(2ff) mole fractions are varying between 4.85 ppm to 26.59 ppm across *** is also noticed that the highest CO_(2ff) mole fraction is observed as 26.59 ppm from a site in ***_(2ff) mole fraction values from four high altitude sites are found to be varied between 4.85 ppm to 14.87 *** of sampling different crop plants from the same growing season and different crop plant organs(grains,leaves,stems)on theΔ14C and CO_(2ff) have been *** and intra seasonal variations in theΔ14C and CO_(2ff) mole fractions have also been analyzed from a rural location(Dholpur,Rajasthan).

关键词： Carbon dioxide Crop plants Fossil fuel CO_(2) Radiocarbon measurements

Contrasting Regional Responses of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall to Exhausted Spring and Concurrently Emerging Summer El Nino Events

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第4期40卷 697-710页

作者： E.K.KRISHNA KUMAR S.ABHILASH SANKAR SYAM P.VIJAYKUMAR K.R.SANTOSH A.V.SREENATH Department of Atmospheric Sciences Cochin University of Science and TechnologyCochin 682022India Advanced Centre for Atmospheric Radar Research Cochin University of Science and TechnologyCochin 682022India Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia

The inverse relationship between the warm phase of the El Nino Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and the Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall(ISMR)is well ***,some El Nino events that occur in the early months of the year(boreal spring)transform into a neutral phase before the start of summer,whereas others begin in the boreal summer and persist in a positive phase throughout the summer monsoon *** study investigates the distinct influences of an exhausted spring El Nino(springtime)and emerging summer El Nino(summertime)on the regional variability of *** two ENSO categories were formulated based on the time of occurrence of positive SST anomalies over the Nino-3.4 region in the *** ISMR’s dynamical and thermodynamical responses to such events were investigated using standard metrics such as the Walker and Hadley circulations,vertically integrated moisture flux convergence(VIMFC),wind shear,and upper atmospheric *** monsoon circulation features are remarkably different in response to the exhausted spring El Nino and emerging summer El Nino phases,which distinctly dictate regional rainfall *** dynamic and thermodynamic responses reveal that exhausted spring El Nino events favor excess monsoon rainfall over eastern peninsular India and deficit rainfall over the core monsoon regions of central *** contrast,emerging summer El Nino events negatively impact the seasonal rainfall over the country,except for a few regions along the west coast and northeast India.

关键词： exhausted spring El Nino emerging summer El Nino Indian Summer Monsoon Hadley and Walker circulation tropical easterly jet vertical integrated moisture flux convergence

Evidence of the oldest extant vascular plant(horsetails)from the Indian Cenozoic

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植物多样性:英文版 2023年第5期45卷 569-589页

作者： Sampa Kundu Taposhi Hazra Tapan Chakraborty Subir Bera Mahasin Ali Khan Palaeobotany and Palynology Laboratory Department of BotanySidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityRanchi RoadPurulia 723104India Geological Studies Unit Indian Statistical Institute203B.T.RoadKolkata 700108West BengalIndia Centre of Advanced Study Department of BotanyUniversity of Calcutta35B.C.RoadKolkata 700019India

Equisetum(Equisetaceae)has long been a focus of attention for botanists and palaeontologists because,given its extensive and well-documented fossil record,it is considered the oldest extant vascular plant and a key element in understanding vascular plant ***,to date,no authentic fossil evidence of Equisetum has been found from the Indian ***,we describe a new fossil species,namely,*** ***.,recovered from the middle Siwalik(Late Miocene)sediments of Himachal Pradesh,western *** identified fossil specimens based on morphological and epidermal *** addition,X-Ray diffraction(XRD)analysis was used to determine the mineral composition of compressed stems of *** close affinity of our recovered Siwalik fossils to Equisetum is supported by the presence of both macromorphological and epidermal *** Equisetum generally grows in wet conditions around water reservoirs,our findings indicate that the fossil locality was humid and surrounded by swamp and lowland regions during *** fossil evidence indicates that this sphenopsid once existed in the western Himalaya during the Siwalik ***,at present Equisetum is confined to a particular area of our fossil locality,probably a consequence of severe environmental changes coupled with competition from opportunistic *** discovery of Equisetum fossils in appreciable numbers from the Siwalik sediments of the Himachal Himalayas is unique and constitutes the first reliable recognition of Equisetum from the Indian Cenozoic.

关键词： Equisetum Fossil stem and leaf sheaths Late Miocene Paleoecology Siwalik Western India

Entropically favoured through space charge transfer‘lighted’photosensitizing assemblies for‘metal free’regulated photooxidation of alcohols and aldehydes

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Aggregate 2022年第2期3卷 143-153页

作者： Gurpreet Kaur Harpreet Kaur Mandeep Kaur Manoj Kumar Vandana Bhalla Department of Chemistry Centre of Advance Studies-IIGuru Nanak Dev UniversityAmritsarIndia

Strong acceptor-weak acceptor system FN-TPy has been designed and synthesized,which undergoes solvent dependent self-assembly in mixed aqueous media to generate through space intermolecular charge transfer *** as-prepared entropically favoured assemblies of FN-TPy exhibit excellent photostability and photosensitizing properties in the assembled state to activate aerial oxygen for efficient generation of reactive oxygen species through Type-I and Type-II *** FN-TPy exhibits excellent potential for regulated oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes under mild reaction conditions(visible light irradiation,aqueous media,room temperature)using aerial oxygen as the‘oxidant’.The present study demonstrates the potential of FN-TPy assemblies to catalyse controlled oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzoic acid.

关键词： aggregated assemblies molecular oxygen activation oxidations photosensitizer through space charge transfer

Systematic study of the(n,2n)reaction cross section for^(121)Sb and^(123)Sb isotopes

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Chinese Physics C 2022年第5期46卷 77-94页

作者： R.K.Singh N.L.Singh R.D.Chauhan Mayur Mehta S.V.Suryanarayana Rajnikant Makwana B.K.Nayak H.Naik Tarak Nath Nag K.Katovsky Department of Physics Faculty of Sciencethe M.S.University of BarodaVadodara-390002INDIA Department of Physics Netaji Subhas University of TechnologyDwarkaNew Delhi-110078INDIA Institute for Plasma Research Gandhinagar-382428INDIA Nuclear Physics Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbaiINDIA Radiochemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreMumbaiINDIA Department of Electrical Power Engineering Brno University of TechnologyBrno-61600Czech Republic

The cross sections of the^(121)Sb(n,2n)^(120)Sb^(m) and ^(123)Sb(n,2n)^(122)Sb reactions were measured at 12.50,15.79 and 18.87 MeV neutron energies relative to the standard ^(27)Al(n,α)^(24)Na monitor reaction using neutron activation and offline γ-ray *** of the samples was performed at the BARC-TIFR Pelletron Linac Facility,Mumbai,*** quasi-monoenergetic neutrons were generated via the ^(7)Li(p,n)*** model calculations were performed by nuclear reaction codes TALYS(ver.1.9)and EMPIRE(ver.3.2.2)using various input parameters and nuclear level density *** cross sections of the ground and the isomeric state as well as the isomeric cross section ratio were studied theoretically from reaction threshold to 26 MeV *** effect of pre-equilibrium emission is also discussed in detail using different theoretical *** present measured cross sections were discussed and compared with the reported experimental data and evaluation data of the JEFF-3.3,ENDF/B-VIII.0,JENDL/AD-2017 and TENDL-2019 libraries.A detailed analysis of the uncertainties in the measured cross section data was performed using the covariance analysis ***,a systematic study of the(n,2n)reaction cross section for^(121)Sb and^(123)Sb isotopes was also performed within 14-15 MeV neutron energies using various systematic *** work helps to overcome discrepancies in Sb data and illustrate a better understanding of pre-equilibrium emission in the(n,2n)reaction channel.

关键词： antimony (n,2n)reaction cross section 7Li(p,n)reaction neutron source neutron activation and offlineγ-ray spectrometry systematic formulae covariance analysis TALYS(ver.1.9)and EMPIRE(ver.3.2.2)codes