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Integrative Zoology 2014年第1期9卷 34-45页

作者： Achyut ARYAL Dianne BRUNTON Weihong JI David RAUBENHEIMER Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Massey UniversityAucklandNew Zealand Fauna and Flora conservation Nepal KathmanduNepal Charles Perkins Centre and Faculty of Veterinary Science and School of Biological Sciences The University of SydneySydneyAustralia.

The Himalaya region of Nepal provides a habitat for the endangered snow leopard(Panthera uncia)and its principal prey species,the blue sheep(Pseudois nayaur).The aim of this study was to describe the habitat,the distribution and the population structure of blue sheep,and to estimate their contribution to the carrying capac-ity of snow leopard in the upper Mustang region of *** sheep were recorded at altitudes from 3209-5498 m on slopes with gradients of 16-60°and aspects of 40°NE to 140°SE.A total of 939 blue sheep were counted in the upper Mustang region,and 98 were counted in the Yak Kharka region of Manang district;how-ever,upper Mustang had the lowest population density of blue sheep recorded within their distribution range in Nepal(0.86 blue sheep/km^(2)).The results of the study show that a higher density of blue sheep is associated with greater plant species *** most important species present in the blue sheep habitat were Kobresia pyg-maea,Artemesia spp.,Lonicera spp.,Lancea tibetica,Poa spp.,Astragalus *** Ephedra *** is estimated that the existing blue sheep population biomass of approximately 38925 kg in the upper Mustang re-gion could support approximately 19 snow leopards(1.6 snow leopards/100 km^(2)).

关键词： blue sheep carrying capacity habitat use population density snow leopard

Motive-based segmentation of international tourists at Gaurishankar conservation Area,Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2021年第1期18卷 205-218页

作者： Rojan BANIYA Brijesh THAPA Ramesh PAUDYAL Suman Shree NEUPANE Department of Tourism Hospitality and Event ManagementUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611-8208USA School of Hospitality and Tourism Management Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOK 74078USA School of Forest Resources and conservation University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Kathmandu Forestry College Tribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44600Nepal

Gaurishankar conservation Area(GCA)is a recently established natural-based protected area in Nepal,which has witnessed an increase in international *** optimize visitor experience,it is essential to examine motivations to visit along with visitors’characteristics and behavioral *** purpose of this study was to examine international tourists via a motive-based segmentation approach for *** addition,the study also intended to identify visitor segments’profile characteristics such as socio-demographic,travel behaviors,satisfaction,loyalty intention,and their willingness to pay for higher entrance ***(N=121)were collected among international tourists visiting GCA either as a primary destination or as a transit *** identified three distinct segments of visitors–‘local art and culture enthusiast’,‘escapist’,and‘nature adventurer.’Each cluster was different with regards to their sociodemographics,travelbehavior,satisfaction,willingness to revisit and recommend,and willingness to pay to support the environment and cultural resources,and local *** insights gained from motive-based segmentation can be beneficial to GCA to develop specific products and promotions and incorporate visitor monitoring&management programs.

关键词： nature-based tourism Parks Protected areas Motivations Motive-based segmentation Visitor management

Predicting suitable habitat of an invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus under future climate scenarios in Chitwan Annapurna Landscape,Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2019年第10期16卷 2243-2256页

作者： MAHARJAN Seerjana SHRESTHA Bharat Babu JOSHI Mohan Dev DEVKOTA Anjana MUNIAPPAN Rangaswamy ADIGA Abhijin JHA Pramod Kumar Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmanduNepal Department of Plant Resources ThapathaliKathmanduNepal IPM Innovation Lab Virginia Tech526Prices Fork RoadBlacksburgVA24061USA Biocomplexity Institute and Initiative University of VirginiaUSA

Chitwan-Annapuma Landscape(CHAL)in central Nepal is known for its rich biodiversity and the landscape is expected to provide corridors for species range shift in response to climate *** assessments have identified biological invasions and other anthropogenic activities as major threats to the biodiversity in the *** of the rapidly spreading Invasive Alien Plant species(IAPs)in the CHAL is Parthenium hysterophorus L.,a neotropical invasive weed of global *** study aimed to investigate the current and future projected suitable habitat of *** in the CHAL using MaxEnt modelling in three'Representative Concentration Pathways'(RCPs 2.6,4.5 and 8.5)corresponding to different greenhouse gases emissiontrajectories for the year 2050 and 2070.A total of 288species occurrence points,six bioclimatic variablesmean diurnal range,isothermality,annual precipitation,precipitation of driest month,precipitation seasonality,precipitation of driest quarter and two topographic variables(aspect and slope)were selected for MaxEnt *** range shift in terms of increase or decline in the suitable habitat areas under the projected scenarios were *** and annual precipitation were the most important variables that explained the current distribution of *** percent of the total area of CHAL was predicted to be suitable habitat for the growth of *** in the current climatic *** gain in the suitable habitat of this noxious weed was found under RCP 4.5 scenario in 2050 and *** there will be a loss in thesuitable habitat under RCP 8.5 scenario in 2050 *** of four physiographic regions present in CHAL,three regions-Siwalik,Middle Mountain and High Mountain have suitable habitat for *** under current climatic *** mountainous region is likely to be affected more than the Siwalik region by further spread of *** in the future under low(R

关键词： Parthenium weed Ecological Niche Model MaxEnt Invasive species Habitat suitability

尼泊尔用于缓解人与野生动物冲突之电篱笆经济效用分析（英文）

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2014年第3期5卷 237-243页

作者： Saraswoti SAPKOTA Achyut ARYAL Shanta Ram BARAL Matt W.HAYWARD David RAUBENHEIMER 特里布万大学林学院尼泊尔联邦民主共和国国家公园与野生动物保护部新西兰梅西大学自然科学与数学学院尼泊尔联邦民主共和国林业部班戈大学自然科学学院比勒陀利亚大学野生动物管理中心悉尼大学兽医学院查尔斯.珀金斯中心悉尼大学生物科学学院

人与野生动物冲突是全世界自然保护工作所面临的最大挑战之一。为降低这些冲突的影响,各国采取了各种保护策略,但这些策略常常得不到足够的监测,其效力也得不到充分的评估。近年来,作为降低人与野生动物冲突的一项措施,尼泊尔各保护区... 详细信息

人与野生动物冲突是全世界自然保护工作所面临的最大挑战之一。为降低这些冲突的影响,各国采取了各种保护策略,但这些策略常常得不到足够的监测,其效力也得不到充分的评估。近年来,作为降低人与野生动物冲突的一项措施,尼泊尔各保护区周围建起了电篱笆。到目前为止,未见有其他针对保护工作中采用电篱笆的成本效率及其功效开展分析的研究。本研究的目的是检验尼泊尔近年来设立于旺国家公园东区的电篱笆的成本效率。印度犀牛(Rhinoceros unicornis)、野猪(Sus scrofa)、亚洲象(Elephas maximus)、老虎(Panthera tigris)是该国家公园周边缓冲区涉及人与野生动物冲突的主要物种,这里建有电篱笆。电篱笆使庄稼受损减少78%,家畜损失减少30%-60%。研究区的人类死亡数未表现出显著下降,而是继续维持较低数值。我们的分析表明,至2009/2010财政年度,电篱笆成本的总净现值,卡根社区(KMUC)为1 517 959尼泊尔卢比(21 685美元),姆瑞加社区(MKUC)为3 530 075卢比(50 429美元);而净现收益,卡根社区为16 301 105卢比(232 872美元),姆瑞加社区为38 304 602卢比(547 208美元)。至2009/2010基准财政年度,电篱笆的成本-效益比率,卡根社区为10.73,姆瑞加社区为10.85。这些结果表明,在大型哺乳动物出没的保护区周围,电篱笆计划在降低人与野生动物冲突方面,既有经济效益,又有很好的社会效益。

关键词：人与野生动物冲突电篱笆成本-效益分析奇旺国家公园

鄱阳湖沙湖越冬白鹤的数量分布及其与食物和水深的关系

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湿地科学 2013年第3期11卷 305-312页

作者：吴建东李凤山 James Burnham 江西鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区管理局江西南昌330038 International Crane Foundation Baraboo Wisconsin 53913 USA University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA

为了摸清白鹤（Grus leucogeranus）的食物刺苦草（Vallisneria spinulosa）的资源状况和水深对白鹤活动的影响，于1999~2010年期间，对在鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区沙湖越冬的白鹤数量分布及其与食物刺苦草块茎和水深的关系进行了研究。... 详细信息

为了摸清白鹤（Grus leucogeranus）的食物刺苦草（Vallisneria spinulosa）的资源状况和水深对白鹤活动的影响，于1999~2010年期间，对在鄱阳湖国家级自然保护区沙湖越冬的白鹤数量分布及其与食物刺苦草块茎和水深的关系进行了研究。在沙湖设置固定植物样线，每隔50～100m记录刺苦草及其块茎的数量和生物量，在视野能覆盖整个沙湖的制高点，定点观测白鹤的数量、分布和白鹤所处的水深。在这12a越冬期间，沙湖白鹤的多年总平均数量为46只，其中2002年、2006年和2009年冬季超过90只。11月至翌年1月是白鹤在沙湖比较稳定的时期，超过50只，其中12月是白鹤数量最多的月份，达到120只。白鹤在沙湖的中部偏南地带活动，北部和南端的数量很少。从栖息的植被带来看，白鹤几乎全部在以苦草（Vallisneria spp．）和眼子菜（Potamogeton spp．）为优势沉水植物的区域活动。沙湖刺苦草块茎的平均干重为5．92g／m2，2005年、2006年和2008年的干重接近或者超过12g／m2，2010年最少，仅为0．10g／m2。在1999-2010年期间，沙湖白鹤数量与刺苦草块茎干重不相关，隆冬12月至翌年1月的白鹤平均数量与刺苦草块茎干重的相关系数为r=0．231。在沙湖，有58．15％的白鹤在水深为5～27cm的环境中活动；其次，有30．63％的白鹤是在水深为40-45cm的环境中活动。而没有白鹤在旱地和水深及至腹部（46-50cm）的环境中活动。2010年鄱阳湖特大洪水对白鹤的影响比较大，发现有白鹤到草地上觅食的现象。

关键词：白鹤数量食物刺苦草水深鄱阳湖沙湖