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Endovascular thrombectomy for stroke: current best practice and future goals

Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2016年第1期1卷 16-22页

作者： Bruce C V Campbell Geoffrey A Donnan Peter J Mitchell Stephen M Davis Department of Medicine and Neurology Melbourne Brain Centre at the Royal Melbourne HospitalUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia Department of Radiology Royal Melbourne HospitalUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia

Endovascular thrombectomy for large vessel ischaemic stroke substantially reduces disability,with recent positive randomised trials leading to guideline changes *** review discusses in detail the evidence provided by recent randomised trials and metaanalyses,the remaining areas of uncertainty and the future directions for *** data from existing trials have demonstrated the robust benefit of endovascular thrombectomy for internal carotid and proximal middle cerebral artery *** remains for more distal occlusions where the efficacy of alteplase is greater,less tissue is at risk and the safety of endovascular procedures is less *** artery occlusion was excluded from the trials,but with a dire natural history and proof of principle that rapid reperfusion is effective,it seems reasonable to continue treating these patients pending ongoing trial *** has been no evidence of heterogeneity in treatment effect in clinically defined subgroups by age,indeed,those aged>80 years have at least as great an overall reduction in disability and reduced *** there was no heterogeneity across the range of baseline stroke severities included in the *** that routine use of general anaesthesia reduces the benefit of endovascular thrombectomy is increasing and conscious sedation is generally preferred unless severe agitation or airway compromise is *** impact of time delays has become clearer with description of onset to imaging and imaging to reperfusion *** in the onset to imaging reduce the proportion of patients with salvageable brain ***,in the presence of favourable imaging,rapid treatment appears beneficial regardless of the onset to imaging time *** to reperfusion delays lead to decay in the clinical benefit achieved,particularly in those with less robust collateral *** brain imaging options to assess prognosis have various advantages and disadvan

关键词： routine epoch benefit

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Effect of different intensities of physical activity on cardiometabolic markers and vascular and cardiac function in adult rats fed with a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第1期7卷 109-119页

作者： Romeo B.Batacan Jr Mitch J.Duncan Vincent J.Dalbo Geraldine L.Buitrago Andrew S.Fenning School of Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University Centre for Physical Activity Studies Central Queensland University School of Medicine & Public Health Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition Faculty of Health and MedicineThe University of Newcastle University Drive Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Central Queensland University Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics Australian Institute of Tropical Health and MedicineJames Cook University

Background: Physical activity(PA) and diet are 2 lifestyle factors that affect cardiometabolic risk. However, data on how a high-fat highcarbohydrate(HFHC) diet influences the effect of different intensities of PA on cardiometabolic health and cardiovascular function in a controlled setting are yet to be fully established. This study investigated the effect of sedentary behavior, light-intensity training(LIT), and high-intensity interval training(HIIT) on cardiometabolic markers and vascular and cardiac function in HFHC-fed adult ***: Twelve-week-old Wistar rats were randomly allocated to 4 groups(12 rats/group): control(CTL), sedentary(SED), LIT, and *** indices, glucose and lipid control, inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, vascular reactivity, and cardiac electrophysiology of the experimental groups were examined after 12 weeks of HFHC-diet feeding and PA ***: The SED group had slower cardiac conduction(p = 0.0426) and greater thoracic aortic contractile responses(p < 0.05) compared with the CTL group. The LIT group showed improved cardiac conduction compared with the SED group(p = 0.0003), and the HIIT group showed decreased mesenteric artery contractile responses compared with all other groups and improved endothelium-dependent mesenteric artery relaxation compared with the LIT group(both p < 0.05). The LIT and HIIT groups had lower visceral(p = 0.0057 for LIT, p = 0.0120 for HIIT)and epididymal fat(p < 0.0001 for LIT, p = 0.0002 for HIIT) compared with the CTL ***: LIT induced positive adaptations on fat accumulation and cardiac conduction, and HIIT induced a positive effect on fat accumulation,mesenteric artery contraction, and endothelium-dependent relaxation. No other differences were observed between groups. These findings suggest that few positive health effects can be achieved through LIT and HIIT when consuming a chronic and sustained HFHC diet.

关键词：高脂肪心脏老鼠食谱脉管标记成年物理

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Does light-intensity physical activity moderate the relationship between sitting time and adiposity markers in adolescents?

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第5期11卷 613-619页

作者： Ana María Contardo Ayala Jo Salmon David W.Dunstan Lauren Arundell Anna Timperio Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIA 3125Australia Physical Activity Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIA 3004Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIA 3000Australia

Background:While the relationship between sedentary time and adiposity markers may be independent of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA) among adolescents,little is known about the role of light-intensity physical activity(LIPA) in this *** aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether device-measured LIPA and MVPA moderate the associations between objectively measured sitting time and adiposity markers(body mass index(BMI)) and waist circumference(WC)) among ***:This study included accelerometer and inclinometer data obtained from 219 adolescents(age=14.9±1.6 years,mean± SD),collected during 2014 and 2015 in Melbourne,*** GT3 X accelerometers were used to determine time spent in total-LIPA(101 counts/min to 3.99 metabolic equivalents(METs)) was dichotomized into low-LIPA(101-799 counts/min) and high LIPA(800 counts/min to 3.99 METs),and MVPA(> 4 METs).The average time spent sitting was obtained from activPAL *** measures were assessed by trained *** between sitting and total-LIPA,low-LIPA,high-LIPA,and MVPA on BMI z-score(zBMI) and WC z-score(zWC),respectively,were examined using linear regression,adjusting for age and sex;and moderation by total-LIPA,low-LIPA,high-LIPA,and MVPA were examined by adding interaction *** interaction effects were probed by comparing associations at the mean and at 1 SD below and above the ***:Total-LIPA significantly moderated the association between sitting time and zBMI,and low-LIPA significantly moderated the association between sitting time and zBMI and *** other associations were found for total-LIPA,high-LIPA,or ***,at high levels of total-LIPA(+1 SD),there is a negative association between sitting time and *** addition,at high levels of low-LIPA(+1 SD),there is a negative association between sitting time and zBMI and ***:Associations between sitting and adiposit

关键词： Adolescents Anthropometric measures Obesity Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sitting time

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The impact of height-adjustable desks and classroom prompts on classroom sitting time,social,and motivational factors among adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第1期12卷 97-105页

作者： Bronwyn Sudholz Ana Marıa Contardo Ayala Anna Timperio David W.Dunstan David E.Conroy Gavin Abbott Bernie Holland Lauren Arundell Jo Salmon Pomegranate Community Mental Health St John of God Social OutreachBallaratVIC 3350Australia Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition(IPAN) School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesDeakin UniversityGeelongVIC 3128Australia Physical Activity Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes InstituteMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Department of Kinesiology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611USA The australian Council for Health and Physical Education and Recreation AbbotsfordVIC 3067Australia

Purpose:This quasi-experimental study examined the impact of height-adjustable desks in combination with prompts to break up prolonged sitting time during class time and identified social and motivational factors associated with breaking up sitting time among ***’perceptions of strategies were also ***:Over 17 weeks,1 classroom in a government secondary school in Melbourne,australia,was equipped with 27 height-adjustable desks and prompts(posters and desk stickers)to break up classroom sitting *** received professional development in the use of the desks and *** group of adolescents(n=55)had 2-5 lessons/week using the height-adjustable desks in an intervention classroom,and a comparison group matched by year level and subject(n=50)was taught in traditional“seated”*** wore an activPAL monitor at baseline(T0),4 weeks(T1),and 17 weeks(T2)and completed a survey at T0 and *** teachers participated in interviews at *** sizes were calculated(d).Results:Linear mixed models found that,compared to the traditional“seated”classrooms,the adolescents in the intervention classroom had significantly lower sitting time(T1:-9.7 min/lesson,d=-0.96;T2:-6.7 min/lesson,d=-0.70)and time spent in sitting bouts>15 min(T2:-11.2 min/lesson,d=-0.62),and had significantly higher standing time(T1:7.3 min/lesson,d=0.84;T2:5.8 min/lesson,d=0.91),number of breaks from sitting(T1:1.3 breaks/lesson,d=0.49;T2:1.8 breaks/lesson,d=0.67),and stepping time(T1:2.5 min/lesson,d=0.66).Intervention classroom adolescents reported greater habit strength(d=0.58),self-efficacy for breaking up sitting time(d=0.75),and indicated that having a teacher/classmate remind them to stand as helpful(d=0.50).Conclusion:This intervention shows promise for targeting sitting behaviors in the classroom and indicates that incorporating social and motivational strategies may further enhance outcomes.

关键词： Adolescent School Sedentary behavior Sitting Standing

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Movable typing of full-lumen personalized Vein-Chips to model cerebral venous sinus thrombosis

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Aggregate 2023年第6期4卷 153-162页

作者： Yunduo Charles Zhao Yingqi Zhang Arian Nasser Tianbo Hong Zihao Wang Allan Sun Laura Moldovan Leon S Edwards Freda Passam Ken S Butcher Timothy Ang Lining Arnold Ju School of Biomedical Engineering University of SydneyDarlingtonNew South WalesAustralia Charles Perkins Centre University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia The University of Sydney Nano Institute(Sydney Nano) University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia heart Research Institute CamperdownNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurosciences Gosford HospitalNorth GosfordNew South WalesAustralia Sydney Brain Centre Ingham Institute for Applied Medical ResearchLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia South Western Sydney Clinical School University of New South WalesLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Department of Haematology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia Central Clinical School Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia Prince of Wales Clinical School Prince of Wales HospitalRandwickNew South WalesAustralia Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology Neurology Royal Prince Alfred HospitalCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)is a type of stroke associated with COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic *** precise etiology of CVST often remains elusive due to the highly heterogeneous nature of its governing mechanisms,specifically,Virchow’s triad that involves altered blood flow,endothelial dysfunction,and hypercoagulability,which varies substantially amongst *** diagnostic and monitoring approaches lack the capability to reflect the combination of these patient-specific thrombotic *** response to this challenge,we introduce a Vein-Chip platform that recapitulates the CVST vascular anatomy from magnetic resonance venography and the associated hemodynamic flow profile using the“Chinese Movable Type-like”soft stereolithography *** resultant full-lumen personalized Vein-Chips,functionalized with endothelial cells,enable in-vitro thrombosis assays that can elucidate distinct thrombogenic scenarios between normal vascular conditions and those of endothelial *** former displayed minimal platelet aggregation and negligible fibrin deposition,while the latter presented significant fibrin extrusion from platelet *** low-cost movable typing technique further enhances the potential for commercialization and broader utilization of personalized Vein-Chips in surgical labs and at-home *** research and development in this direction will pave the way for improved management and prevention of CVST,ultimately benefiting both patients and healthcare systems.

关键词： 3D printing cerebral venous sinus thrombosis mechanobiology Organ on chip platelet Virchow’s triad

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Sympatho-adrenergic mechanisms in heart failure: new insights into pathophysiology

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Medical Review 2021年第1期1卷 47-77页

作者： Xiaojun Du Faculty of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center76 West Yanta RoadXi’an 710061ShanxiChina Baker heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial RoadMelbourne 3004VICAustralia

The sympathetic nervous system is activated in the setting of heart failure(HF)to compensate for hemodynamic ***,acute sympathetic surge or sustained high neuronal firing rates activatesβ-adrenergic receptor(βAR)signaling contributing to myocardial remodeling,dysfunction and electrical ***,sympathoβAR activation is regarded as a hallmark of HF and forms pathophysiological basis forβ-blocking *** upon earlier research findings,studies conducted in the recent decades have significantly advanced our understanding on the sympatho-adrenergic mechanism in HF,which forms the focus of this *** review notes recent research progress regarding the roles of cardiacβ2AR orα1AR in the failing heart,significance ofβ1AR-autoantibodies,andβAR signaling through G-protein independent signaling ***-βAR regulation of immune cells or fibroblasts is specifically *** the neuronal aspects,knowledge is assembled on the remodeling of sympathetic nerves of the failing heart,regulation by presynapticα2AR of NE release,and findings on device-based neuromodulation of the sympathetic nervous *** review ends with highlighting areas where significant knowledge gaps exist but hold promise for new breakthroughs.

关键词： catecholamines heart failure sympathetic nervous system β-adrenergic receptor β-blocking therapy.

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稳压器人孔楔形石墨密封结构设计与验证

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核动力工程 2015年第S2期36卷 55-59页

作者：李毅陈聪傅孝龙裴立廷彭航宋小明肖坤建励行根中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室成都610041 宁波天生密封件有限公司浙江宁波315302

对适用于稳压器人孔密封的结构方案进行分析,研究密封垫材料的功能性参数,利用数值分析手段对密封结构进行初步分析。在上述基础上,开展了楔形石墨密封结构1:1热态性能考核验证试验。试验结果表明,该密封结构在经历100次冷热循环试验考... 详细信息

对适用于稳压器人孔密封的结构方案进行分析,研究密封垫材料的功能性参数,利用数值分析手段对密封结构进行初步分析。在上述基础上,开展了楔形石墨密封结构1:1热态性能考核验证试验。试验结果表明,该密封结构在经历100次冷热循环试验考核后无泄漏,拆装过程简便。热态试验验证了该型密封结构具有工程应用可行性。

关键词：稳压器人孔楔形石墨密封结构数值分析验证试验

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英国医学杂志中文版 2022年第2期25卷 77-86页

作者：赵敏 Sreenivas P Veeranki Costan G Magnussen 席波杨丽丽(译) 马传伟(译) 羊柳(译) 席波(译) 山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生系济南山东大学齐鲁医学院齐鲁医院心脏科国家与山东省转化型心血管医学联合重点实验室中国国家卫生健康委员会中国医学科学院中国教育部心血管重塑与功能研究重点实验室济南精准卫生经济学与成果研究中心美国洛杉矶加利福尼亚州得克萨斯大学医学分会预防医学与社区卫生学系美国加尔维斯顿得克萨斯州塔斯马尼亚大学孟席斯医学研究所澳大利亚霍巴特图尔库大学应用与预防心血管疾病医学研究中心芬兰图尔库图尔库大学图尔库大学医院人口健康研究中心芬兰图尔库山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院流行病学系济南山东大学公共卫生学院流行病学系

目的利用美国成年人的全国代表性样本,研究2018年美国体力活动指南推荐的体力活动水平与全因死亡和特定病因死亡的关联。研究设计基于人群的队列研究。背景将美国全国健康访谈调查(1997—2014年)与美国全国死亡指数数据(截至2015年12月3... 详细信息

目的利用美国成年人的全国代表性样本,研究2018年美国体力活动指南推荐的体力活动水平与全因死亡和特定病因死亡的关联。研究设计基于人群的队列研究。背景将美国全国健康访谈调查(1997—2014年)与美国全国死亡指数数据(截至2015年12月31日)建立关联。研究对象479856名18岁及以上的成年人。暴露根据调查对象自我报告的每周闲暇时间进行有氧运动和肌肉强化运动的时间是否达到指南推荐水平,将调查对象分为4组:均未达到、仅有氧运动达到、仅肌肉强化运动达到,以及有氧运动和肌肉强化运动均达到指南推荐水平。主要结局指标从美国国家死亡指数记录中获取全因死亡和特定病因死亡(包括心血管疾病、癌症、慢性下呼吸道疾病、事故和伤害、阿尔茨海默病、糖尿病、流感和肺炎,以及肾炎、肾病综合征或肾病)信息。结果在随访期间(中位随访期为8.75年),共59819名死于各种病因,其中,13509名死于心血管疾病,14375名死于癌症,3188名死于慢性下呼吸道疾病,2477名死于事故和伤害,1470名死于阿尔茨海默病,1803名死于糖尿病,1135名死于流感和肺炎,以及1129名死于肾炎、肾病综合征或肾病。与体力活动未达到指南推荐水平的人(n=268193)相比,肌肉强化运动(n=21428;风险比为0.89,95%可信区间为0.85~0.94)或有氧运动(n=113851;0.71,0.69~0.72)达到指南推荐水平的人发生全因死亡的风险显著降低;而2项运动均达到指南推荐水平的人能够获得更大生存效益(n=76384;0.60,0.57~0.62)。同时,在心血管疾病、癌症和慢性下呼吸道疾病特异性死亡中均观察到类似的结果。结论遵循2018年美国体力活动指南的建议在闲暇时进行有氧运动和肌肉强化运动能够显著降低全因死亡和特定病因死亡的发生风险,这提示指南中推荐的体力活动水平有利于提高生存时间。

关键词：体力活动下呼吸道疾病全因死亡阿尔茨海默病心血管疾病有氧运动中位随访期调查对象

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Ultrathin monolithic 3D printed optical coherence tomography endoscopy for preclinical and clinical use

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 753-762页

作者： Jiawen Li Simon Thiele Bryden C.Quirk Rodney W.Kirk Johan W.Verjans Emma Akers Christina A.Bursill Stephen J.Nicholls Alois M.Herkommer Harald Giessen Robert A.McLaughlin australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing The University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Institute of Applied Optics(ITO)and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany South australian Health and Medical Research Institute(SAHMRI) AdelaideSA 5000Australia Royal Adelaide Hospital AdelaideSA 5000Australia Monash Cardiovascular Research Centre Monash UniversityMelbourneVIC 3168Australia th Physics Institute and Research Center SCoPE University of Stuttgart70569 StuttgartGermany

Preclinical and clinical diagnostics increasingly rely on techniques to visualize internal organs at high resolution via *** endoscopic probes are necessary for imaging small luminal or delicate organs without causing trauma to ***,current fabrication methods limit the imaging performance of highly miniaturized probes,restricting their widespread *** overcome this limitation,we developed a novel ultrathin probe fabrication technique that utilizes 3D microprinting to reliably create side-facing freeform micro-optics(<130μm diameter)on single-mode *** this technique,we built a fully functional ultrathin aberration-corrected optical coherence tomography *** is the smallest freeform 3D imaging probe yet reported,with a diameter of 0.457 mm,including the catheter *** demonstrated image quality and mechanical flexibility by imaging atherosclerotic human and mouse *** ability to provide microstructural information with the smallest optical coherence tomography catheter opens a gateway for novel minimally invasive applications in disease.

关键词： smallest utilize overcome

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Biomechanical thrombosis: the dark side of force and dawn of mechano-medicine

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2020年第2期5卷 185-197页

作者： Yunfeng Chen Lining Arnold Ju Molecular Medicine Scripps Research InstituteLa JollaCaliforniaUSA School of Biomedical Engineering Heart Research Institute and Charles Perkins CentreThe University of SydneyCamperdownNew South WalesAustralia

Arterial thrombosis is in part contributed by excessive platelet aggregation,which can lead to blood clotting and subsequent heart attack and *** are sensitive to the haemodynamic *** haemodynamcis and disturbed blood flow,which occur in vessels with growing thrombi and atherosclerotic plaques or is caused by medical device implantation and intervention,promotes platelet aggregation and thrombus *** such situations,conventional antiplatelet drugs often have suboptimal efficacy and a serious side effect of excessive *** the mechanisms of platelet biomechanical activation provides insights distinct from the classic views of agonist-stimulated platelet thrombus *** this work,we review the recent discoveries underlying haemodynamic force-reinforced platelet binding and mechanosensing primarily mediated by three platelet receptors:glycoprotein Ib(GPIb),glycoprotein IIb/IIIa(GPIIb/IIIa)and glycoprotein VI(GPVI),and their implications for development of antithrombotic‘mechano-medicine’.

关键词： aggregation implantation primarily

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