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Occupational physical activity, all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality in 349,248 adults: Prospective and longitudinal analyses of the MJ Cohort

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2024年第4期13卷 579-589页

作者： Emmanuel Stamatakis Matthew N.Ahmadi Tiana-Lee Elphick Bo-Huei Huang Susan Paudel Armando Teixeira-Pinto Li-Jung Chen Borja del Pozo Cruz Yun-Ju Lai Andreas Holtermann Po-Wen Ku Sydney School of health Sciences Faculty of Medicine and HealthCharles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Sydney School of Public health Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia Department of Exercise health Science “National”Taiwan University of SportTaichung 40404China Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics University of Southern DenmarkOdense 5230Denmark Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Internal MedicinePuli Branch of Taichung Veterans General HospitalNantou 54552China national research Centre for the Working Environment Copenhagen 2100Denmark Graduate Institute of Sports and health Management “National”Chung Hsing UniversityTaichung 40227China

Background:Evidence on the health benefits of occupational physical activity(OPA)is *** examined the associations of baseline OPA and OPA changes with all-cause,cardiovascular disease(CVD),and cancer mortality and survival ***:This study included prospective and longitudinal data from the MJ Cohort,comprising adults over 18 years recruited in 1998-2016,349,248 adults(177,314 women)with baseline OPA,of whom 105,715(52,503 women)had 2 OPA measures at 6.3±4.2 years(mean±SD)*** were baseline OPA,OPA changes,and baseline leisure-time physical ***:Over a mean mortality follow-up of 16.2±5.5 years for men and 16.4±5.4 years for women,11,696 deaths(2033 of CVD and 4631 of cancer causes)in men and 8980 deaths(1475 of CVD and 3689 of cancer causes)in women *** moderately heavy/heavy baseline OPA was beneficially associated with all-cause mortality in men(multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio(HR)=0.93,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.89-0.98 compared to light OPA)and women(HR=0.86,95%CI:0.79-0.93).Over a mean mortality follow-up of 12.5±4.6 years for men and 12.6±4.6 years for women,OPA decreases in men were detrimentally associated(HR=1.16,95%CI:1.01-1.33)with all-cause mortality,while OPA increases in women were beneficially(HR=0.83,95%CI:0.70-0.97)associated with the same *** or changes in OPA showed no associations with CVD or cancer ***:Higher baseline OPA was beneficially associated with all-cause mortality risk in both men and *** longitudinal OPA analyses partly confirmed the prospective findings,with some discordance between sex groups.

关键词： Cancer Cardiovascular disease Epidemiology Mortality

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Does MgSO_(4) protect the preterm brain?Dissecting its role in the pathophysiology of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

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Neural Regeneration research 2024年第9期19卷 1861-1862页

作者： Robert Galinsky Laura Bennet Alistair J.Gunn The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Physiology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Mitigating preterm encephalopathy continues to be one of the greatest challenges in perinatal *** encephalopathy is associated with high mortality,serious morbidity,and significant socio-economic impacts on the individuals,their families,and public health sectors and welfare systems that last a *** cost of disability associated with preterm brain injury continues to *** of this injury,and disability,would significantly reduce this socioeconomic burden.

关键词： encephalopathy mortality hypoxic

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Diversity and connectedness of brine shrimp viruses in global hypersaline ecosystems

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 188-203页

作者： Xuan Dong Cixiu Li Yiting Wang Tao Hu Fan Zhang Fanzeng Meng Meirong Gao Xuekai Han Guohao Wang Jiahao Qin Hans Nauwynck Edward CHolmes Patrick Sorgeloos Liying Sui Jie Huang Weifeng Shi State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery SciencesLaboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production ProcessesLaoshan LaboratoryKey Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease ControlMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsQingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and BiosecurityQingdao 266071China Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First medical University Jinan 250021China Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaian 271000China Dalian Ocean University Dalian 116023China Asian Regional Artemia Reference Center Tianjin University of Science&TechnologyTianjin 300457China Ghent University Ghent 9000Belgium Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases School of Medical SciencesThe University of SydneySydney 2006Australia Network of Aquaculture Centres in Asia-Pacific Bangkok 10900Thailand School of Public health Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117China

Brine shrimp(Artemia)has existed on Earth for 400 million years and has major ecological importance in hypersaline *** a crucial live food in aquaculture,brine shrimp cysts have become one of the most important aquatic products traded ***,our understanding of the biodiversity,prevalence and global connectedness of viruses in brine shrimp is still very limited.A total of 143 batches of brine shrimp(belonging to seven species)cysts were collected from six continents including 21 countries and more than 100 geographic locations worldwide during 1977–*** total,55 novel RNA viruses were identified,which could be assigned to 18 different viral families and related *** viruses were dsRNA viruses,16 were+ssRNA viruses,and 28 were−ssRNA *** analyses of the RNA-directed RNA polymerase(RdRp)showed that brine shrimp viruses were often grouped with viruses isolated from other invertebrates and ***,most brine shrimp viruses were related to those from different hosts that might feed on brine shrimp or share the same ecological niche.A notable case was the novel brine shrimp noda-like virus 3,which shared 79.25%(RdRp)and 63.88%(capsid proteins)amino acid identity with covert mortality nodavirus(CMNV)that may cause losses in *** addition,both virome composition and phylogenetic analyses revealed global connectedness in certain brine shrimp viruses,particularly among Asia and Northern *** highlights the incredible species diversity of viruses in these ancient species and provides essential data for the prevalence of RNA viruses in the global aquaculture *** broadly,these findings provide novel insights into the previously unrecognized RNA virosphere in hypersaline ecosystems worldwide and demonstrate that human activity might have driven the global connectedness of brine shrimp viruses.

关键词： brine shrimp Artemia virus diversity novel virus discovery global connectedness hypersaline ecosystem

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Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: genes load the gun and repeated concussion pulls the trigger

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Neural Regeneration research 2022年第9期17卷 1963-1964页

作者： Robert Vink Frances Corrigan Clinical and health Sciences University of South AustraliaAdelaideSAAustralia Adelaide medical School University of AdelaideAdelaideSAAustralia

The association between traumatic brain injury(TBI)and an increased risk of neurodegeneration has been recognized for some decades now(Faden and Loane,2015),with recent evidence suggesting that a history of TBI,either as repeated concussive/mild TBI insults typically experienced by some athletes or less commonly as a single moderate/severe injury,may be linked with an increased risk of developing a specific form of neurodegeneration known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy(CTE)(McKee et al.,2016).The pathognomonic lesions of CTE are hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates,initially in neurons and astrocytes close to blood vessels at the base of the sulci,but later spreading throughout the brain(McKee et al.,2016).Recent work has focused on developing diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome,the clinical disorder associated with CTE,which is thought to encompass cognitive impairment and/or neurobehavioral impairment characterized by explosiveness,impulsivity and emotional lability(Katz et al.,2021).

关键词： traumatic encephalopathy impairment

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Siponimod exerts neuroprotective effects on the retina and higher visual pathway through neuronal S1PR1 in experimental glaucoma

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Neural Regeneration research 2023年第4期18卷 840-848页

作者： Devaraj Basavarajappa Vivek Gupta Nitin Chitranshi Roshana Vander Wall Rashi Rajput Kanishka Pushpitha Samridhi Sharma Mehdi Mirzaei Alexander Klistorner Stuart L.Graham Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of MedicineHealth and Human SciencesMacquarie UniversityNorth RydeSydneyNSWAustralia

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor(S1PR)signaling regulates diverse pathophysiological processes in the central nervous *** role of S1PR signaling in neurodegenerative conditions is still largely *** is a specific modulator of S1P1 and S1P5 receptors,an immunosuppressant drug for managing secondary progressive multiple *** investigated its neuroprotective properties in vivo on the retina and the brain in an optic nerve injury model induced by a chronic increase in intraocular pressure or acute N-methyl-D-aspartate ***-specific deletion of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor(S1PR1)was carried out by expressing ***-Cre recombinase under Syn1 promoter in S1PR1mice to define the role of S1PR1 in *** retinal electrophysiological responses,along with histological and immunofluorescence analysis of the retina and optic nerve tissues,indicated significant neuroprotective effects of siponimod when administered orally via diet in chronic and acute optic nerve injury ***,siponimod treatment showed significant protection against trans-neuronal degenerative changes in the higher visual center of the brain induced by optic nerve *** treatment also reduced microglial activation and reactive gliosis along the visual *** results showed that siponimod markedly upregulated neuroprotective Akt and Erk1/2 activation in the retina and the ***-specific deletion of S1PR1 enhanced retinal and dorsolateral geniculate nucleus degenerative changes in a chronic optic nerve injury condition and attenuated protective effects of *** summary,our data demonstrated that S1PR1signaling plays a vital role in the retinal ganglion cell and dorsolateral geniculate nucleus neuronal survival in experimental glaucoma,and siponimod exerts direct neuroprotective effects through S1PR1 in neurons in the central nervous system independent of its peripheral immuno-modulatory *** findings s

关键词： glaucoma intraocular pressure neurodegeneration neuroprotection optic nerve injury retinal ganglion cells siponimod sphingosine-1-phosphate

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Phase separation-induced nanoprecipitation for making polymer nanoparticles with high drug loading Special Collection:Distinguished australian researchers

聚集体(英文)

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聚集体(英文) 2023年第2期4卷 137-145页

作者： Guangze Yang Yun Liu Song Jin Yue Hui Xing Wang Letao Xu Dong Chen David Weitz Chun-Xia Zhao School of Chemical Engineering Faculty of SciencesEngineering and TechnologyThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of medical Oncology The First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina College of Energy Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangChina John A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA Department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA

Increasing drug loading remains a critical challenge in the development and translation of *** drug-loading nanoparticles have demonstrated unique advantages such as less carrier material used,better-controlled drug release,and improved efficacy and ***,we report a simple and efficient salt concentration screening method for making polymer nanoparticles with exceptionally high drug loading(up to 66.5 wt%)based on phase separation-induced *** addition of salt,phase separation occurs in a miscible solvent-water solution delaying the precipitation time of drugs and polymers to different extents,facilitating their co-precipitation thus the formation of high drug-loading nanoparticles with high encapsulation efficiency(>90%)and excellent stability(>1 month).This technology is versatile and easy to be adapted to various hydrophobic drugs,different polymers,and *** salt-induced nanoprecipitation strategy offers a novel approach to fabricating polymer nanoparticles with tunable drug loading,and opens great potentials for future nanomedicines.

关键词： drug loading liquid-liquid phase separation nanoparticles nanoprecipitation salt

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High-intensity Interval Training for the Management of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Participant Experiences and Perspectives

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第5期11卷 1050-1060页

作者： Shelley E.Keating Ilaria Croci Matthew P.Wallen Emily R.Cox Jeff S.Coombes Nicola W.Burton Graeme A.Macdonald Ingrid J.Hickman Centre for research on Exercise Physical Activity and HealthSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition SciencesThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia K.G.Jebsen Center of Exercise in Medicine Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Circulation and Medical ImagingFaculty of MedicineTrondheimNorway Department of Sport Exercise and HealthUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland Caring Futures Institute College of Nursing and Health SciencesFlinders UniversityAdelaideAustralia Institute of health and Wellbeing Federation UniversityMount HelenAustralia School of Environmental and Life Sciences University of NewcastleOurimbahAustralia School of Applied Psychology Griffith UniversityMt GravattAustralia Menzies health Institute Griffith UniversityGold CoastAustralia Centre for Mental health Griffith UniversityBrisbaneAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Princess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneAustralia Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Princess Alexandra HospitalBrisbaneAustralia

Background and Aims:High-intensity interval training(HIIT)is a therapeutic option for people with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).However,the perspectives and experiences of HIIT for people with NASH are unknown,limiting translation of *** explored the experiences and perspectives of both professionally supervised and self-directed HIIT in people with NASH and evaluated participant-reported knowledge,barriers,and enablers to commencing and sustaining ***:Twelve participants with NASH underwent 12 weeks of supervised HIIT(3 days/week,4×4 minutes at 85–95%maximal heart rate,interspersed with 3 minutes active recovery),followed by 12-weeks of selfdirected(unsupervised)***-on-one,semistructured participant interviews were conducted by exercise staff prior to HIIT and following both supervised and self-directed HIIT to explore prior knowledge,barriers,enablers,and outcomes at each *** were audio-recorded,transcribed,coded,and thematically analyzed by two independent ***:Four dominant themes were identified:(1)no awareness of/experience with HIIT and ambivalence about exercise capabilities;(2)multiple medical and social barriers to commencing and continuing HIIT;(3)exercise specialist support was a highly valued enabler,and(4)HIIT was enjoyed and provided holistic ***:People with NASH may lack knowledge of and confidence for HIIT,and experience multiple complex barriers to commencing and continuing *** specialist support is a key enabler to sustained *** factors need to be addressed in future clinical programs to augment the uptake and long-term sustainability of HIIT by people with NASH so they can experience the range of related benefits.

关键词： Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease NAFLD Exercise Lifestyle Qualitative Patient-reported outcomes

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Structure and function of the membrane microdomains in osteoclasts

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Bone research 2023年第4期11卷 665-678页

作者： Jialong Hou Jian Liu Zhixian Huang Yining Wang Hanbing Yao Zhenxin Hu Chengge Shi Jiake Xu Qingqing Wang Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sir Run Run Shaw HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina Department of Orthopaedics The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina Department of Spine Surgery Peking University Fourth School of Clinical MedicineBeijingChina School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWAAustralia Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesShenzhenChina

The cell membrane structure is closely related to the occurrence and progression of many metabolic bone diseases observed in the clinic and is an important target to the development of therapeutic strategies for these *** experimental evidence supports the existence of membrane microdomains in osteoclasts(OCs).However,the potential membrane microdomains and the crucial mechanisms underlying their roles in OCs have not been fully *** microdomain components,such as scaffolding proteins and the actin cytoskeleton,as well as the roles of individual membrane proteins,need to be *** this review,we discuss the compositions and critical functions of membrane microdomains that determine the biological behavior of OCs through the three main stages of the OC life cycle.

关键词： domains function elucidated

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Effect of coronary artery dynamics on the wall shear stress vector field topological skeleton in fluid–structure interaction analyses

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International Journal of Mechanical System Dynamics 2023年第1期3卷 48-57页

作者： Harry J.Carpenter Mergen H.Ghayesh Anthony C.Zander Peter J.Psaltis School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Vascular research Centre Lifelong Health ThemeSouth Australian Health and Medical Research Institute(SAHMRI)AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Adelaide medical School University of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Cardiology Central Adelaide Local Health NetworkAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia

In this paper,we investigate the impact of coronary artery dynamics on the wall shear stress(WSS)vector field topology by comparing fluid–structure interaction(FSI)and computational fluid dynamics(CFD)*** one of the most common causes of death globally,coronary artery disease(CAD)is a significant economic burden;however,novel approaches are still needed to improve our ability to predict its *** can include the unique dynamical factors present in the coronary *** investigate the impact of these dynamical factors,we study an idealized artery model with sequential *** transient simulations made use of the hyperelastic artery and lipid constitutive equations,non‐Newtonian blood viscosity,and the characteristic out‐of‐phase pressure and velocity distribution of the left anterior descending coronary *** compare changes to established metrics of time‐averaged WSS(TAWSS)and the oscillatory shear index(OSI)to changes in the emerging WSS divergence,calculated here in a modified version to handle the deforming mesh of FSI *** suggest that the motion of the artery can impact downstream patterns in both divergence and *** magnitude is also decreased by up to 57%due to motion in some *** divergence patterns varied most significantly between simulations over the systolic period,the time of the largest *** investigation highlights that coronary dynamics could impact markers of potential CAD progression and warrants further detailed investigations in more diverse geometries and patient cases.

关键词： computational fluid dynamics divergence fluid–structure interaction topology wall shear stress

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CIS controls the functional polarization of GM-CSF-derived macrophages

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第1期20卷 65-79页

作者： Shengbo Zhang Jai Rautela Naiara G.Bediaga Tatiana B.Kolesnik Yue You Junli Nie Laura F.Dagley Justin Bedo Hanqing Wang Li Sun Robyn Sutherland Elliot Surgenor Nadia Iannarella Rhys Allan Fernando Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes Yi Xie Qike Wang Yuxia Zhang Yuekang Xu Stephen L.Nutt Andrew M.Lew Nicholas D.Huntington Sandra E.Nicholson Michaël Chopin Yifan Zhan Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of medical research ParkvilleVICAustralia Department of medical Biology University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Biomedicine Discovery InstituteMonash UniversityClaytonVICAustralia oNKo-Innate Pty Ltd Moonee PondsVICAustralia Department of Computing and Information Systems University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Respiratory Medicine Guangzhou Institute of PediatricsGuangzhou Women and Children’s Medical CentreState Key Laboratory of Respiratory DiseasesGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina College of Biological Science Anhui Normal UniversityHefeiChina University of Queensland Diamantina Institute University of QueenslandTranslational Research InstituteBrisbaneQLDAustralia Program in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Duke-NUS Medical SchoolDukeSingapore Drug Discovery Shanghai Huaota BiopharmShanghaiChina

The cytokine granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) possesses the capacity to differentiate monocytes into macrophages (MØs) with opposing functions, namely, proinflammatory M1-like MØs and immunosuppressive M2-like MØs. Despite the importance of these opposing biological outcomes, the intrinsic mechanism that regulates the functional polarization of MØs under GM-CSF signaling remains elusive. Here, we showed that GM-CSF-induced MØ polarization resulted in the expression of cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CIS) and that CIS deficiency skewed the differentiation of monocytes toward immunosuppressive M2-like MØs. CIS deficiency resulted in hyperactivation of the JAK-STAT5 signaling pathway, consequently promoting downregulation of the transcription factor Interferon Regulatory Factor 8 (IRF8). Loss- and gain-of-function approaches highlighted IRF8 as a critical regulator of the M1-like polarization program. In vivo, CIS deficiency induced the differentiation of M2-like macrophages, which promoted strong Th2 immune responses characterized by the development of severe experimental asthma. Collectively, our results reveal a CIS-modulated mechanism that clarifies the opposing actions of GM-CSF in MØ differentiation and uncovers the role of GM-CSF in controlling allergic inflammation.

关键词： CIS GM-CSF Macrophage M2 M1

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