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Update on the management and treatment of viral hepatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第23期27卷 3249-3261页

作者： Patricia Holanda Almeida Celso E L Matielo Lilian A Curvelo Rodrigo A Rocco Guilherme Felga Bianca della Guardia Yuri L Boteon Liver Unit Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão Paulo 05652-900Brazil Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert EinsteinSão Paulo 05652-900Brazil

This review aims to summarize the current evidence on the treatment of viral hepatitis,focusing on its clinical ***,future treatment options and areas of potential research interest are *** and Scopus databases were searched for primary studies published within the last ten *** included hepatitis A virus,hepatitis B virus(HBV),hepatitis C virus,hepatitis D virus(HDV),hepatitis E virus,and *** reported in the studies were summarized,tabulated,and *** advances in viral hepatitis treatment were accomplished,such as the advent of curative therapies for hepatitis C and the development and improvement of hepatitis A,hepatitis B,and hepatitis E *** that cure hepatitis B,going beyond viral suppression,are so far unavailable;however,targeted antiviral drugs against HBV(immunomodulatory therapies and gene silencing technologies)are promising approaches to eradicating the ***,high vaccination coverage and large-scale test-and-treat programmes with high screening rates may eliminate viral hepatitis and mitigate their burden on health *** development of curative hepatitis C treatment renewed the enthusiasm for curing hepatitis B,albeit further investigation is *** therapeutic options targeting HDV life cycle are currently under clinical investigation.

关键词： Viral hepatitis Hepatitis A virus Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis C virus Hepatitis D virus Hepatitis E virus

Auriculotherapy in primary health care: A large-scale educational experience in Brazil

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第4期17卷 302-309页

作者： Charles dalcanale Tesser Ari Ojeda Ocampo More Melissa Costa santos Emiliana Domingues Cunha da Silva Fatima Terezinha Pelachini Farias Lucio Jose Botelho department of Public Health Federal University of Santa Catarina Floriandpolis Santa Catarina 88036-800 Brazil Post-graduate Program in Public Health Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis Santa Catarina 88036-800 Brazil Integrative Medicine and Acupuncture Service University Hospital Federal University of Santa Catarina Floriandpolis Santa Catarina 88036-800 Brazil Floriandpolis Municipality Health Office Florianopolis Santa Catarina 88036-800 Brazil

Auriculotherapy consists of physical stimuli applied to the outer ear and is commonly associated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). The authors present and discuss the development of a course that offers a semi-on-site auriculotherapy course for Brazilian primary health care (PHC) professionals. The course was funded by the Brazilian ministry of Health and developed at the Federal University of santa Catarina in 2015 by a team of experts in auriculotherapy. It consisted of 75 h of distance learning (five sequential modules) and 5 h of on-site learning. The modules included the following items:(1) introduction to integrative practices;(2) ear reflexology;(3) introduction to TCM;(4) biomedical view of auriculotherapy;and (5) auriculotherapy in PHC. The teaching material in eluded a workbook for each module, 14 video lectures and an interactive ear(on line resource) to study location and application to the main auricular points. The on-site lectures follow a structured script of ear palpation techniques, auricular seed insertion practice and clinical case discussions, under the supervision of trained instructors. The course was offered in 2016 and 2017 and on-site lectures took place in 25 cities, covering all Brazilian regions, in coordination with municipal or state boards of health. A total of 4273 health professionals concluded the training and their evaluation of the course was highly positive. The Brazilian experience of large-scale training shows the potential to disseminate auriculotherapy in the context of PHC, given that its practice is fast, easy to learn, safe, effective for different health problems and well accepted by the patients.

关键词： Auriculotherapy Traditional Chinese medicine Primary health care Health education Distance learning

Extended criteria brain-dead organ donors:Prevalence and impact on the utilisation of livers for transplantation in Brazil

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World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第2期15卷 255-264页

作者： Victoria S Braga Amanda P C S Boteon Heloisa B Paglione Rafael A A Pecora Yuri L Boteon Faculdade Israelita de Ciências da saúde Albert Einstein Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão Paulo 05652-900Brazil Transplant Centre Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão Paulo 05652-900Brazil

BACKGROUND despite its association with higher postoperative morbidity and mortality,the use of extended criteria donor(ECD)livers for transplantation has increased globally due to the high demand for the *** To investigate the prevalence of ECD in donation after brain death(DBD)and its impact on organ acceptance for *** Retrospective analysis of DBD organ offers for liver transplantation between 2017 and 2020 in a high-volume transplant *** incidence of the Eurotransplant risk factors to define an ECD(ET-ECD)among DBD donors and the likelihood of organ acceptance over the years were *** relationship between organ refusal for transplantation,the occurrence,and the number of ET-ECD was assessed by simple and multiple logistic regression *** A total of 1619 organ donors were *** these,78.31%(n=1268)had at least one ET-ECD *** was an increase in the acceptance of ECD DBD organs for transplantation(1 criterion:from 23.40%to 31.60%;2 criteria:from 13.10%to 27.70%;3 criteria:From 6.30%to 13.60%).For each addition of one ETECD variable,the estimated chance of organ refusal was 64.4%higher(OR 1.644,95%CI 1.469-1.839,P165 mmol/L(P=0.310),all ET-ECD criteria increased the estimated chance of organ refusal for *** A high prevalence of ECD DBD was *** the increase in their utilisation,the presence and the number of extended donor criteria were associated with an increased likelihood of their refusal for transplantation.

关键词： Liver transplantation Extended criteria donors Donation after brain death Organ donation

Nicotinic cholinergic receptors in esophagus:Early alteration during carcinogenesis and prognostic value

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第31期22卷 7146-7156页

作者： Marina Chianello Nicolau Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto Pedro Nicolau-Neto Paulo Roberto Alves de Pinho Ana Rossini Tatiana de Almeida Simao Sheila Coelho Soares Lima departamento de Bioquímica Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara GomesUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Programa de Carcinogênese Molecular Instituto Nacional de CancerCoordenacao de Pesquisa Gastroenterologia Hospital Universitário Pedro ErnestoUniversidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro

AIM: To compare expression of nicotinic cholinergic receptors(CHRNs) in healthy and squamous cell carcinoma-affected esophagus and determine the prognostic ***: We performed RT-q PCR to measure the expression of CHRNs in 44 esophageal samples from healthy individuals and in matched normal surrounding mucosa, and in tumors from 28 patientsdiagnosed with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC). Next, we performed correlation analysis for the detected expression of these receptors with the habits and clinico-pathological characteristics of all study participants. In order to investigate the possible correlations between the expression of the different CHRN subunits in both healthy esophagus and tissues from ESCC patients, correlation matrices were generated. Subsequently, we evaluated whether the detected alterations in expression of the various CHRNs could precede histopathological modifications during the esophageal carcinogenic processes by using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Finally, we evaluated the impact of CHRNA5 and CHRNA7 expression on overall survival by using multivariate ***: CHRNA3, CHRNA5, CHRNA7 and CHRNB4, but not CHRNA1, CHRNA4, CHRNA9 or CHRNA10, were found to be expressed in normal(healthy) esophageal mucosa. In ESCC, CHRNA5 and CHRNA7 were overexpressed as compared with patient-matched surrounding non-tumor mucosa(ESCC-adjacent mucosa; P samples analyzed. Additionally, CHRNB4 was found to be differentially expressed in the healthy esophagus and the normalappearing ESCC-adjacent mucosa, allowing for distinguishment between these tissues with a sensitivity of 75.86% and a specificity of 78.95%(P = 0.0002). Finally, CHRNA5 expression was identified as an independent prognostic factor in ESCC; patients with high CHRNA5 expression showed an increased overall survival, in comparison with those

关键词： Nicotinic cholinergic receptors Esophagus Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma Tobacco Alcohol Gene expression

Synaptic pathology in multiple sclerosis:a role for Nogo-A signaling in astrocytes?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 127-128页

作者： Sheila Espírito-santo Vinícius Gabriel Coutinho Flávia Carvalho Alcantara Gomes Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy RibeiroCampos dos GoytacazesRJBrazil Laboratório de Neurobiologia Celular Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroInstituto de Ciências BiomédicasRio de JaneiroRJBrazil

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is characterized as an inflammatory demyelinating disease that affects the central nervous system(CNS),leading to sensory,motor and cognitive ***,axonal denudation culminates in axonal lesions and *** demyelinating lesions in MS are associated with infiltration of immune cells combined with activation of the resident CNS inflammatory cells,astro-and microglia.

关键词： sclerosis impairment lesions

Are dogs not susceptible to retroviral infections?

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Animal Diseases 2024年第3期4卷 217-223页

作者： Jorge Casseb João Henrique Campos Luciano Rodrigo Lopes Laboratory of Investigation in dermatology and Immunodefciencies Department of DermatologyUniversity of São Paulo Medical SchoolSão PauloSPBrazil Igen-Institute of Immunogenetics São PauloSPBrazil Bioinformatics and Biomedical data Science Division Health Informatics DepartmentUniversidade Federal de São Paulo–UNIFESP.Rua Botucatu 862Prédio Leal PradotérreoVila ClementinoCEP 04023-062São PauloSPBrazil

Retroviruses have been proven to cause infections and diseases in a series of mammalian hosts but not in ***,this letter discussed the dog susceptibility to retrovirus infection,encompassing arguments to understand why dogs may have not been infected by retroviruses thus *** potential resistance of retrovirus in dogs enables this provocative short communication to discuss this question,looking at some evolutive *** lineage of canids has shown,throughout its evolutionary history,a smaller accumulation of retroviruses in canid genomes,classifed as endogenous *** this context,the genomes of canids seem to ofer obstacles,which have been evolutionarily conserved,in the face of retroviral infection.

关键词： Retrovirus dogs Endogenous retrovirus

Gangliosides in nervous system development,regeneration,and pathologies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第1期18卷 81-86页

作者： Juliana F.Vasques Renata Guedes de Jesus Gonçalves Almir Jordão da Silva-Junior Robertta Silva Martins Fernanda Gubert Rosalia Mendez-Otero Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Programa Redes de Pesquisa em saúde no Estado do rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Programa Rede Nanosaúde do Estado do rio de Janeiro Rio de JaneiroBrazil Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Medicina Regenerativa Rio de JaneiroBrazil

Gangliosides,sialic acid-containing sphingolipids,are major constituents of neuronal *** to the number of sialic acids and the structure of the oligosaccharide chain,gangliosides can be classified as simple or complex and grouped in different *** of gangliosides have been identified in vertebrate cells,with different expression patterns during development and related to several physiological processes,especially in the nervous *** GD3 and its O-acetylated form,9acGD3,are highly expressed in early developmental stages,GM1,GD1a,GD1b,and GT1b are the most abundant ganglioside species in the mature nervous *** in enzymes involved in ganglioside metabolism can lead to the accumulation of specific species,a condition termed gangliosidosis and usually marked by severe neurological *** in ganglioside levels have also been described in several neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’*** this review,we summarized recent information about the roles of GD3,9acGD3,GM1,GD1a,GD1b,GT1b,and other ganglioside species in nervous system development and regeneration,as well as clinical trials evaluating possible therapeutic applications of these molecules.

关键词： 9acGD3 gangliosides GD1a GD1b GD3 glycolipids GM1 GM2 GM3 GM4 GT1b

Trends in Hospital Admission Rates and Associated Direct Healthcare Costs in Brazil:A Nationwide Retrospective Study between 2000 and 2015

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The Innovation 2020年第1期1卷 134-148,133页

作者： Qi Zhao Micheline S.Z.S.Coelho Shanshan Li Paulo H.N.saldiva Michael J.Abramson Rachel R.Huxley Yuming Guo department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine School of Public Health and Preventive MedicineMonash UniversityLevel 2553 St.Kilda RoadMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Institute of Advanced Studies the University of Sa˜o PauloSa˜o PauloState of Sa˜o Paulo 05508-970Brazil Faculty of Health Deakin UniversityMelbourneVIC3125Australia

BACKGROUND In Brazil,the increase in non-fatal events presents a new,unprecedented challenge for the free and universally accessible public healthcare system(SUS),the size and nature of which has yet to be reliably **... 详细信息

关键词： Brazil Nation admission

Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease, nitroxidative stress and dysbiosis: What is the link between them?

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BIOCELL 2021年第3期45卷 461-481页

作者： AMYLLY saNUELLY da PAZ MARTINS saMARA BOMFIM GOMES CAMPOS MARÍLIA OLIVEIRA FONSECA GOULART FABIANA ANDRÉA MOURA Programa de Pós-Graduação da Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia(RENORBIO) Universidade Federal de Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAL 57072-970Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da saúde(PPGCS) Universidade Federal de Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAL 57072-970Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química e Biotecnologia(PPGQB/UFAL) Campus A.C.SimõesAvenida Lourival Melo Motas/nTabuleiro dos MartinsMaceióAL 57072-970Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição(PPGNU/UFAL) Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Médicas(PPGCM/UFAL)Universidade Federal de Alagoas(UFAL)MaceióAL 57072-970Brazil

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,has a not yet completely defined aetiology and is characterized by a progressive chronic inflammation that involves nitroxidative stress and *** manifestations can occur and affect several organs,including the liver and bile ducts,joints,skin,eyes,and less frequently,the heart,brain,and kidneys,increasing the risk of morbidity and *** repercussions may be associated with the activity or severity of *** present review proposes to report and analyse the participation of dysbiosis and nitroxidative stress in the genesis of extraintestinal manifestations,aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the disease and to focus on the development of individualized preventive and therapeutic strategies.

关键词： Oxidative stress Microbiota Bacterial translocation Ulcerative colitis Crohn disease