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Mucosal healing progression after acute colitis in mice

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第27期25卷 3572-3589页

作者： Sandra Vidal-Lletjós Mireille Andriamihaja Anne Blais Marta Grauso Patricia Lepage Anne-Marie Davila Claire Gaudichon Marion Leclerc francois Blachier Annaig Lan UMR PNCA AgroParisTechINRAUniversite Paris-SaclayParis 75005France UMR MICALIS INRAUniversite Paris-SaclayJouy-en-Josas 78350France

BACKGROUND Mucosal healing has become a therapeutic goal to achieve stable remission in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases. To achieve this objective, overlapping actions of complex cellular processes, such as migration, proliferation, and differentiation, are required. These events are longitudinally and tightly controlled by numerous factors including a wide range of distinct regulatory proteins. However, the sequence of events associated with colon mucosal repair after colitis and the evolution of the luminal content characteristics during this process have been little *** To document the evolution of colon mucosal characteristics during mucosal healing using a mouse model with chemically-induced *** C57 BL/6 male mice were given 3.5% dextran sodium sulfate(DSS) in drinking water for 5 d. They were euthanized 2(day 7), 5(day 10), 8(day 13), and 23(day28) d after DSS removal. The colonic luminal environment and epithelial repair processes during the inflammatory flare and colitis resolution were analyzed with reference to a non-DSS treated control group, euthanized at day 0. Epithelial repair events were assessed histo-morphologically in combination with functional permeability tests, expression of key inflammatory and repairing factors, and evaluation of colon mucosa-adherent microbiota composition by 16 S rRNA *** The maximal intensity of colitis was concomitant with maximal alterations of intestinal barrier function and histological damage associated with goblet cell depletion in colon mucosa. It was recorded 2 d after termination of the DSStreatment, followed by a progressive return to values similar to those of control mice. Although signs of colitis were severe(inflammatory cell infiltrate, crypt disarray, increased permeability) and associated with colonic luminal alterations(hyperosmolarity, dysbiosis, decrease in short-chain fatty acid content), epithelial healing processes were launched early during the inflammat

关键词： Colon luminal environment Dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis Dysbiosis Epithelial repair Acute colitis

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Infectious etiopathogenesis of Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第34期20卷 12102-12117页

作者： Jessica Carriere Arlette Darfeuille-Michaud Hang Thi Thu Nguyen Clermont Universite M2iSHUMR 1071 Inserm University of Auvergne 63001 Clermont-FerrandFrance INRA USC 2018 63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance Centre Hospitalier Universitaire 63000 Clermont-FerrandFrance

Important advances during the last decade have been made in understanding the complex etiopathogenesis of Crohn’s disease(CD).While many gaps in our knowledge still exist,it has been suggested that the etiology of CD is multifactorial including genetic,environmental and infectious *** most widely accepted theory states that CD is caused by an aggressive immune response to infectious agents in genetically predisposed *** rise of genome-wide association studies allowed the identification of loci and genetic variants in several components of host innate and adaptive immune responses to microorganisms in the gut,highlighting an implication of intestinal microbiota in CD ***,numerous independent studies reported a dysbiosis,i.e.,a modification of intestinal microbiota composition,with an imbalance between the abundance of beneficial and harmful *** microorganisms including viruses,yeasts,fungi and bacteria have been postulated as potential CD pathogens,based on epidemiological,clinicopathological,genetic and experimental evidence,their precise role in this disease is not clearly *** review summarizes the current knowledge of the infectious agents associated with an increased risk of developing *** approaches to modulate the intestinal dysbiosis and to target the putative CD-associated pathogens,as well as their potential mechanisms of action are also discussed.

关键词： Crohn's disease Intestinal microbiota Dysbiosis Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli Probiotics Antibiotics Fecal microbiota transplantation

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