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The Long-Sought-After Salicylic Acid Receptors

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 971-973页

作者： Elham Attaran ShengYang He MSU-Department of Energy Plant Research Laboratory Howard Hughes Medical Institute-gordon and betty moore foundation Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University Plant Biology Laboratories 612 Wilson Road Room 222 East Lansing MI 48824 USA

The plant hormone salicylic acid （SA） plays a prominent role in modulating plant immune responses against diverse pathogens. SA also influences other physiological pro- cesses in plants, such as senescence-associated gene expres- sion, basal thermogenesis, and seed germination （Vlot et al., 2009）. Because of the critical role of SA in regulating plant immunity, growth, and development, there has been immense research about SA, which has resulted in the dis- covery of numerous plant genes involved in SA biosynthesis or signal transduction. One of the most notable findings was the identification of NPR1 （non-expressor of pathogen- esis protein 1）（Cao et al., 1994; Delaney et al., 1995）, a gene that encodes a master regulatory protein of SA-dependent defense responses and is a transcriptional co-activator of the TGA clade of bZIP transcription factors （transcription factors that contain basic region/leucine zipper motif）.

关键词： Receptor Long-Sought-After Acid

Lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris) distribution, activity patterns and relative abundance in the Greater Madidi-Tambopata Landscape

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第4期7卷 407-419页

作者： Robert WALLACE Guido AYALA Maria VISCARRA Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS) Greater Madidi-Tambopata LandscapeLa PazBolivia WCS New YorkUSA

Lowland tapir distribution is described in northwestern Bolivia and southeastern Peru within the Greater Madidi-Tambopata Landscape,a priority Tapir Conservation Unit,using 1255 distribution points derived from cam-era trapping efforts,field research and interviews with park guards from 5 national protected areas and hunt-ers from 19 local communities.A total of 392 independent camera trapping events from 14 camera trap surveys at 11 sites demonstrated the nocturnal and crepuscular activity patterns(86%)of the lowland tapir and provide 3 indices of relative abundance for spatial and temporal *** rates for lowland tapirs were not significantly different between camera trapping stations placed on river beaches versus those placed in the *** tapir capture rates were significantly higher in the national protected areas of the region versus in-digenous territories and unprotected portions of the *** rates through time suggested that low-land tapir populations are recovering within the Tuichi Valley,an area currently dedicated towards ecotourism activities,following the creation(1995)and subsequent implementation(1997)of the Madidi National Park in *** on our distributional data and published conservative estimates of population density,we calcu-lated that this transboundary landscape holds an overall lowland tapir population of between 14540 and 36351 individuals,of which at least 24.3%are under protection from national and municipal *** such,the Great-er Madidi-Tambopata Landscape should be considered a lowland tapir population stronghold and priority con-servation efforts are discussed in order to maintain this population.

关键词： Amazon Bolivia camera trapping Peru population stronghold

Topological domains/domain walls and broken symmetries in multiferroics

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National Science Review 2019年第4期6卷 624-626页

作者： Sang-Wook Cheong Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials Rutgers University

The magnetoelectric domains/domain walls in intrinsic multiferroics can exhibit intriguing topological nanoscale textures. These thermodynamically stabilized nano-textures are compared with nanoscale polar structures in nanostructured composite films. In addition,we show that the consideration of broken symmetries is essential to understand the macroscopic origin of multiferroicity and also to predict new ***, where ferroelectric and

关键词： Topological domains/domain walls and broken symmetries in multiferroics domain

Roles of small RNAs in plant disease resistance

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2014年第10期56卷 962-970页

作者： Li Yang Hai Huang Department of Biology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences The Chinese Academy of Sciences

The interaction between plants and pathogens represents a dynamic competition between a robust immune system and efficient infectious strategies. Plant innate immunity is composed of complex and highly regulated molecular networks, which can be triggered by the perception of either conserved or race-specific pathogenic molecular signatures. Small RNAs are emerging as versatile regulators of plant development, growth and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. They act in different tiers of plant immunity, including the pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered and the effector-triggered immunity. On the other hand, pathogens have evolved effector molecules to suppress or hijack the host small RNA pathways. This leads to an arms race between plants and pathogens at the level of small RNA-mediated defense. Here, we review recent advances in small RNA-mediated defense responses and discuss the challenging questions in this area.

关键词： Effector-triggered immunity microRNA pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity small interfering RNA

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Field-Induced Metal–Insulator Transition inβ-EuP3

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Chinese Physics Letters 2020年第10期37卷 87-91页

作者： Guangqiang Wang Guoqing Chang Huibin Zhou Wenlong Ma Hsin Lin MZahid Hasan Su-Yang Xu Shuang Jia International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Laboratory of Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy(B7) Department of PhysicsPrinceton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA Institute of Physics Academia SinicaTaipei 11529China Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts 02139USA Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871China CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

Metal–insulator transition(MIT)is one of the most conspicuous phenomena in correlated electron *** such a transition has rarely been induced by an external magnetic field as the field scale is normally too small compared with the charge *** present the observation of a magnetic-field-driven MIT in a magnetic semiconductorβ-EuP ***,we find a colossal magnetoresistance in an extreme way:the resistance drops billionfold at 2 K in a magnetic field less than 3 *** ascribe this striking MIT as a field-driven transition from an antiferromagnetic and paramagnetic insulator to a spin-polarized topological semimetal,in which the spin configuration of Eu 2+cations and spin-orbital coupling play a crucial *** a phosphorene-bearing compound whose electrical properties can be controlled by the application of field,β-EuP 3 may serve as a tantalizing material in the basic research and even future electronics.

关键词： Transition transition extreme

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Ferroelastic and 90° ferroelectric domains in Bi_(2)WO_(6) single crystals

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Journal of Advanced Dielectrics 2023年第3期13卷 8-12页

作者： Xianghan Xu Fei-Ting Huang Sang-Wook Cheong Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJ 08854USA

High-quality single crystals of Bi_(2)WO_(6) are grown using a flux *** different flux growth recipes,we aim to control the crystallization temperature to be lower and higher than the ferroelectric transition temperature,resulting in mono-domain and multi-domain Bi_(2)WO_(6) crystals,*** ferroelastic orthorhombic twin domains are observed in the multi-domain crystals under an optical *** studies unveil the 90°polarization change across those ferroelastic domain walls,as well as the absence of 180°ferroelectric domains in the as-grown multi-domain crystals,indicating a high energy cost of 180°ferroelectric ***,a 45°tilt of the 90°ferroelectric domain walls is discovered,and this tilt creates a new type of charged 90°ferroelectric walls,which have not been observed in other bulk ferroelectrics.

关键词： Flux growth ferroelectric Aurivillius phase twin domains PFM

Miniscope3D:optimized single-shot miniature 3D fluorescence microscopy

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 367-379页

作者： Kyrollos Yanny Nick Antipa William Liberti Sam Dehaeck Kristina Monakhova Fanglin Linda Liu Konlin Shen Ren Ng Laura Waller UCB/UCSF Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering&Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA TIPs Department Universite libre de Bruxelles(ULB)1050 BrusselsBelgium

Miniature fluorescence microscopes are a standard tool in systems ***,widefield miniature microscopes capture only 2D information,and modifications that enable 3D capabilities increase the size and weight and have poor resolution outside a narrow depth ***,we achieve the 3D capability by replacing the tube lens of a conventional 2D Miniscope with an optimized multifocal phase mask at the objective’s aperture *** the phase mask at the aperture stop significantly reduces the size of the device,and varying the focal lengths enables a uniform resolution across a wide depth *** phase mask encodes the 3D fluorescence intensity into a single 2D measurement,and the 3D volume is recovered by solving a sparsity-constrained inverse *** provide methods for designing and fabricating the phase mask and an efficient forward model that accounts for the fieldvarying aberrations in miniature *** demonstrate a prototype that is 17mm tall and weighs 2.5 grams,achieving 2.76μm lateral,and 15μm axial resolution across most of the 900×700×390μm^(3) volume at 40 volumes per *** performance is validated experimentally on resolution targets,dynamic biological samples,and mouse brain *** with existing miniature single-shot volume-capture implementations,our system is smaller and lighter and achieves a more than 2×better lateral and axial resolution throughout a 10×larger usable depth *** microscope design provides single-shot 3D imaging for applications where a compact platform matters,such as volumetric neural imaging in freely moving animals and 3D motion studies of dynamic samples in incubators and lab-on-a-chip devices.

关键词： enable resolution narrow

Machine learning modeling of superconducting critical temperature

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npj Computational Materials 2018年第1期3卷 405-418页

作者： Valentin Stanev Corey Oses A.Gilad Kusne Efrain Rodriguez Johnpierre Paglione Stefano Curtarolo Ichiro Takeuchi Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742-4111USA Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA Center for Materials Genomics Duke UniversityDurhamNC 27708USA National Institute of Standards and Technology GaithersburgMD 20899USA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Department of Physics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft 14195 Berlin-DahlemGermany

Superconductivity has been the focus of enormous research effort since its discovery more than a century ***,some features of this unique phenomenon remain poorly understood;prime among these is the connection between superconductivity and chemical/structural properties of *** bridge the gap,several machine learning schemes are developed herein to model the critical temperatures(T_(c))of the 12,000+known superconductors available via the SuperCon *** are first divided into two classes based on their T_(c) values,above and below 10 K,and a classification model predicting this label is *** model uses coarse-grained features based only on the chemical *** shows strong predictive power,with out-of-sample accuracy of about 92%.Separate regression models are developed to predict the values of T_(c) for cuprate,iron-based,and low-T_(c) *** models also demonstrate good performance,with learned predictors offering potential insights into the mechanisms behind superconductivity in different families of *** improve the accuracy and interpretability of these models,new features are incorporated using materials data from the AFLOW Online ***,the classification and regression models are combined into a single-integrated pipeline and employed to search the entire Inorganic Crystallographic Structure Database(ICSD)for potential new *** identify>30 non-cuprate and non-iron-based oxides as candidate materials.

关键词： learning critical offering

Observation of an Even-Odd Asymmetric Transport in High Landau Levels

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第3期34卷 112-116页

作者：刘广同朱玉莹王钦庞远樊洁景秀年姬忠庆杨昌黎吕力杜瑞瑞 L.N.Pfeiffer K.W.West Daniel Chee Tsui Laboratory Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter PhysicsInstitute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190 Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter Beijing 100871 International Center for Quantum Materials Peking UniversityBeijing 100871 Department of Electrical Engineering Princeton UniversityPrincetonNew Jersey 08544USA

Magnetotransport experiments including tilt fields are performed on ultrahigh mobility L-shaped Hall-bar samples of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells. The low-temperature longitudinal resistivity （ρxx） data demonstrate that a striking even-odd asymmetric transport exists along the [110] direction at half filling in N ≥ 2 high Landau levels. Although the origin for the peculiar even-odd asymmetry remains unclear, we propose that the coupling strength between electrons within the same Landau level and between the neighboring two Landau levels should be considered in future studies. The tilt field data show that the in-plane field can suppress the formation of both bubble and stripe phases.

关键词： Observation of an Even-Odd Asymmetric Transport in High Landau Levels 110

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