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Anomalous refinement and uniformization of grains in metallic thin films

Nano Research 2023年第12期16卷 13358-13365页

作者： Lei Wang Shu Wang Xiaofeng Wang Jianming Zhang Jianjie Dong Bin Wei Haiguang Yang Zhongchang Wang Ziyang Zhang ChuanFei Guo Qian Liu Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology&University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China College of Mathematics and Physics Qingdao University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266061China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Materials Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory(INL) Department of Quantum and Energy MaterialsBraga 4715-330Portugal School of Electronic and Information Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics and TEDA Applied Physics Institute and School of Physics Nankai UniversityTianjin 300457China

When a laser beam writes on a metallic film,it usually coarsens and deuniformizes grains because of Ostwald ripening,similar to the case of *** we show an anomalous refinement effect of metal grains:A metallic silver film with large grains melts and breaks into uniform,close-packed,and ultrafine(~10 nm)grains by laser direct writing with a nanoscale laser spot size and nanosecond pulse that causes localized heating and adaptive *** method exhibits high controllability in both grain size and uniformity,which lies in a linear relationship between the film thickness(h)and grain size(D),D∝*** linear relationship is significantly different from the classical spinodal dewetting theory obeying a nonlinear relationship(D∝h5/3)in common laser *** also demonstrate the application of such a silver film with a grain size of~10.9 nm as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering chip,exhibiting superhigh spatial-uniformity and low detection limit down to 10-15 *** anomalous refinement effect is general and can be extended to many other metallic films.

关键词： laser direct writing anomalous refinement localized heating ripening linear relationship

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Research on the microstructure evolution of Ni-based superalloy cylindrical parts during hot power spinning

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Advances in Manufacturing 2019年第1期7卷 52-63页

作者： Qin-Xiang Xia Jin-Chuan Long Ning-Yuan Zhu Gang-Feng Xiao Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Equipment and Manufacturing Technology School of Mechanical and Automobile Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 People's Republic of China School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Ganzhou 341000 Jiangxi People's Republic of China

To predict the microstructure evolution and reveal the forming mechanism of Ni-based superalloy cylindrical parts during hot power spinning, a finite element method (FEM) model of deformation-heat transfermicrostructure evolution was established using *** software. A numerical simulation was then conducted based on the secondary development of user subroutines, to investigate evolution of the microstructure of a Haynes 230 alloy cylindrical part during hot power spinning. The volume fraction of dynamic recrystallization (DRX) and the grain size of Haynes 230 alloy cylindrical parts during hot power spinning were analyzed. The results showed that the DRX of the spun workpiece was more obvious with an increase in the forming temperature, T, and the total thinning ratio of wall thickness,ψ***, the complete DRX microstructure with fine and uniform grains was obtained when T≥1 100 °C and ψt≥ 2 56%, but the grain size of the spun workpiece decreased slightly with an increase in the roller feed rate, f. The experimental results conformed well with simulation results.

关键词： Hot power spinning Haynes 230 alloy Microstructure evolution Processing parameter Numerical simulation

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Channel measurements and models for high-speed train wireless communication systems in tunnel scenarios: a survey

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2017年第10期60卷 107-123页

作者： Yu LIU Ammar GHAZAL Cheng-Xiang WANG Xiaohu GE Yang YANG Yapei ZHANG Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies Shandong University School of Engineering and Sustainable Development De Montfort University Institute of Sensors Signals and Systems School of Engineering & Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Department of Electronics and Information Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless Sensor Network & Communication Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences

The rapid developments of high-speed trains(HSTs) introduce new challenges to HST wireless communication systems. Realistic HST channel models play a critical role in designing and evaluating HST communication systems. Due to the length limitation, bounding of tunnel itself, and waveguide effect, channel characteristics in tunnel scenarios are very different from those in other HST scenarios. Therefore, accurate tunnel channel models considering both large-scale and small-scale fading characteristics are essential for HST communication systems. Moreover, certain characteristics of tunnel channels have not been investigated sufficiently. This article provides a comprehensive review of the measurement campaigns in tunnels and presents some tunnel channel models using various modeling methods. Finally, future directions in HST tunnel channel measurements and modeling are discussed.

关键词： 5G high-speed train(HST) tunnel scenario tunnel channel measurement tunnel channel model non-stationary statistical property

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Non-locality and collective emission in disordered lasing resonators

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Light(Science & Applications) 2013年第1期2卷 79-84页

作者： Marco Leonetti Claudio Conti Cefe Lopez ISC-CNR UOS Sapienza00185 RomaItaly Institute for Material Science Madrid(ICMM-CSIC) 28049 MadridSpain Department of Physics University SapienzaI-00185 RomaItaly

Random lasing is observed in optically active resonators in the presence of *** the optical cavities involved are open,the modes are coupled,and energy may pour from one state to another provided that they are spatially *** the electromagnetic modes are spatially localized,our system may be actively switched to a collective state,presenting a novel form of non-locality revealed by a high degree of spectral correlation between the light emissions collected at distant *** a nutshell,light may be stored in a disordered nonlinear structure in different fashions that strongly differ in their spatial *** effect is experimentally demonstrated and theoretically explained in titania clusters embedded in a dye,and it provides clear evidence of a transition to a multimodal collective emission involving the entire spatial extent of the disordered *** results can be used to develop a novel type of miniaturized,actively controlled all-optical chip.

关键词： collective emission disorder nanophotonics random lasing

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Toward multi-programmed workloads with different memory footprints: a self-adaptive last level cache scheduling scheme

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2018年第1期61卷 136-149页

作者： Jingyu ZHANG Minyi GUO Chentao WU Yuanyi CHEN Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

With the emerging of 3 D-stacking technology, the dynamic random-access memory(DRAM)can be stacked on chips to architect the DRAM last level cache(LLC). Compared with static randomaccess memory(SRAM), DRAM is larger but slower. In the existing research papers, a lot of work has been devoted to improving the workload performance using SRAM and stacked DRAM together, ranging from SRAM structure improvement, to optimizing cache tag and data access. Instead, little attention has been paid to designing an LLC scheduling scheme for multi-programmed workloads with different memory footprints. Motivated by this, we propose a self-adaptive LLC scheduling scheme, which allows us to utilize SRAM and 3 D-stacked DRAM efficiently, achieving better workload performance. This scheduling scheme employs(1) an evaluation unit, which is used to probe and evaluate the cache information during the process of programs being executed; and(2) an implementation unit, which is used to self-adaptively choose SRAM or DRAM. To make the scheduling scheme work correctly, we develop a data migration policy. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the performance of our proposed scheme. Experimental results show that our method can improve the multi-programmed workload performance by up to 30% compared with the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： 3D-stacking technology cache architecture cache scheduling multi-programmed workloads memory system performance optimization

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A Novel Packet Marking Algorithm in Context-aware Autonomic QoS Framework

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China Communications 2009年第4期6卷 98-107页

作者： Gong Xiangyang Wang Wendong Li Yan State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications 100876 Beijing P.R. China

Autonomic networking is one of the hot research topics in the research area of future network *** this paper, we introduce context-aware and autonomic attributes into DiffServ QoS framework, and propose a novel autonomic packet marking(APM) *** the proposed autonomic QoS framework, APM is capable of collecting various QoS related contexts, and adaptively adjusting its behavior to provide better QoS guarantee according to users' requirements and network *** results show that APM provides better performance than traditional packet marker, and significantly improves user's quality of experience.

关键词： autonomic QoS framework DiffServ context-aware packet marking

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Recent advances and future challenges for massive MIMO channel measurements and models

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2016年第2期59卷 6-21页

作者： Cheng-Xiang WANG Shangbin WU Lu BAI Xiaohu YOU Jing WANG Chih-Lin I School of Engineering and Physical Sciences Heriot-Watt University Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Wireless Communication Technologies Shandong University National Mobile Communications Laboratory Southeast University Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University China Mobile Research Institute

The emerging fifth generation(5G) wireless communication system raises new requirements on spectral efficiency and energy efficiency. A massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) system, equipped with tens or even hundreds of antennas, is capable of providing significant improvements to spectral efficiency,energy efficiency, and robustness of the system. For the design, performance evaluation, and optimization of massive MIMO wireless communication systems, realistic channel models are indispensable. This article provides an overview of the latest developments in massive MIMO channel measurements and models. Also, we compare channel characteristics of four latest massive MIMO channel models, such as receiver spatial correlation functions and channel capacities. In addition, future challenges and research directions for massive MIMO channel measurements and modeling are identified.

关键词： 5G massive MIMO channel measurements massive MIMO channel models non-stationary statistical properties channel capacity

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High-spatial-resolution composition analysis of micro/nanostructures with a nanoscale compositional variation

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Nano Research 2023年第1期16卷 1090-1095页

作者： Meng Wang Xiaofeng Wang Zhican Zhou Feng Xia Haoran Zhang Artem Shelaev Xinzheng Zhang Chuanfei Guo Jingjun Xu Qian Liu Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and Technology&University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China The MOE Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics TEDA Applied Physics SchoolNankai UniversityTianjin 300457China Sino-German College of Intelligent Manufacturing Shenzhen Technology UniversityShenzhen 518118China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China College of Physics Qingdao UniversityQingdao 26607China NT-MDT Co.Building 100 ZelenogradMoscow 124482Russia Institute of Physics Kazan Federal UniversityKazan 420008Russia Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Oxide Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China College of Material Science and Technology Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

The composition of materials in a micro-/nano-devices plays a key role in determining their mechanical,physical,and chemical ***,for devices with a compositional change on nanoscale which can often be achieved by point-by-point direct writing technology using a focused ion beam(FIB),electron beam(EB),or laser beam(LB),but so far,nanoscale composition analysis of a large-area micro/nano structures with a variation composition remains a big challenge in cost,simpleness,and *** we present a feasible route to realize large-area composition analysis with nanoscale spatial resolution by using Raman *** experimentally verified the capability of this method by analyzing a complex Sn-SnOx system of a microscale grayscale mask with nanoscale spatial resolution of *** analyses using Auger electron spectroscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and atomic force microscopy indicated the effectiveness and practicality of our *** work opens up a way to analyze the composition of a large-area complex system at a nanoscale spatial resolution,and the method can be extended to many other material systems.

关键词： Raman spectroscopy nanoscale resolution composition analysis large-area

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Model for cascading network failures based on the nodes with different tolerance parameter

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The Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 2011年第5期18卷 95-101页

作者： LIU Yuan-ni LI Xin CHEN Shan-zhi QIN Zhen State key Lab of Switching and Networking Technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing 100876 China State key Lab of W1reless Mobile Communication China Academy of Telecommunication Technology Beijing 100083 China School of Lifesciences and Technology Xidian University Xi＇an 710126 China

Cascading failures are common in most of the networks, where traffic is rerouted to bypass malfunctioning routers, eventually leading to an avalanche of overloads on other routers that are not equipped to handle extra traffic, which can result in a congestion regime with degradation in the network performance. In order to investigate how a small shock can trigger avalanches mechanisms affecting a considerable fraction of the network, lots of failure models have been constructed, but they have focused only on the static properties of the network that can not reflect the performance affected by the avalanche exactly. In this paper, we proposed a simple model for cascading failures in the network to explore how the failures can have a great impact on the network performance, and we allocated every node a capacity by tolerance parameter based on the node importance, which is determined by node degree, the number of the shortest paths through a node, and the number of the shortest paths through the neighbors of a node, then we fixed every element a weight to compute the node importance by analytic hierarchy process （AHP） theory. Based on our model, we analyzed the influence of different types of attacks to the network performance, and also tabled some proposals for reducing the damage that the networks suffered from the cascading failures.

关键词： cascading failure power-law tolerance parameter network efficiency

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Apple whole genome sequences:recent advances and new prospects

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Horticulture Research 2019年第1期6卷 1247-1270页

作者： Cameron P.Peace Luca Bianco Michela Troggio Eric van de Weg Nicholas P.Howard Amandine Cornille Charles-Eric Durel Sean Myles ZoëMigicovsky Robert J.Schaffer Evelyne Costes Gennaro Fazio Hisayo Yamane Steve van Nocker Chris Gottschalk Fabrizio Costa David Chagné Xinzhong Zhang Andrea Patocchi Susan E.Gardiner Craig Hardner Satish Kumar Francois Laurens Etienne Bucher Dorrie Main Sook Jung Stijn Vanderzande Department of Horticulture Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164USA Computational Biology Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all’AdigeTN 38010Italy Department of Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Fondazione Edmund MachSan Michele all’AdigeTN 38010Italy Plant Breeding Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen 6708PBThe Netherlands Department of Horticultural Science University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN 55108USA Institut für Biologie und Umweltwissenschaften Carl von Ossietzky Universität26129 OldenburgGermany GQE-Le Moulon Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueUniversity of Paris-SudCNRSAgroParisTechUniversitéParis-Saclay91190 Gif-sur-YvetteFrance Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et SemencesUMR 134549071 BeaucouzéFrance Department of Plant Food and Environmental SciencesFaculty of AgricultureDalhousie UniversityTruroNS B2N 5E3Canada The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd Motueka 7198New Zealand School of Biological Sciences University of AucklandAuckland 1142New Zealand AGAP INRACIRADMontpellier SupAgroUniversity of MontpellierMontpellierFrance Plant Genetic Resources Unit USDA ARSGenevaNY 14456USA Laboratory of Pomology Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8502Japan Department of Horticulture Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMI 48824USA The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd(Plant&Food Research) Palmerston North Research CentrePalmerston North 4474New Zealand College of Horticulture China Agricultural University100193 BeijingChina Agroscope 8820 WädenswilSwitzerland Queensland Alliance of Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4072Australia New Cultivar Innovation Plant and Food ResearchHavelock North 4130New Zealand Agroscope 1260 ChanginsSwitzerland

In 2010,a major scientific milestone was achieved for tree fruit crops:publication of the first draft whole genome sequence(WGS)for apple(Malus domestica).This WGS,v1.0,was valuable as the initial reference for sequence information,fine mapping,gene discovery,variant discovery,and tool development.A new,high quality apple WGS,GDDH13 v1.1,was released in 2017 and now serves as the reference genome for *** the past decade,these apple WGSs have had an enormous impact on our understanding of apple biological functioning,trait physiology and inheritance,leading to practical applications for improving this highly valued *** gene identities for phenotypes of fundamental and practical interest can today be discovered much more ***-wide polymorphisms at high genetic resolution are screened efficiently over hundreds to thousands of individuals with new insights into genetic relationships and ***-density genetic maps are constructed efficiently and quantitative trait loci for valuable traits are readily associated with positional candidate genes and/or converted into diagnostic tests for *** understand the species,geographical,and genomic origins of domesticated apple more precisely,as well as its relationship to wild *** WGS has turbo-charged application of these classical research steps to crop improvement and drives innovative methods to achieve more durable,environmentally sound,productive,and consumer-desirable apple *** review includes examples of basic and practical breakthroughs and challenges in using the apple *** for“what’s next”focus on necessary upgrades to the genome sequence data pool,as well as for use of the data,to reach new frontiers in genomics-based scientific understanding of apple.

关键词： breakthrough hundreds frontier

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