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Solid-state atomic hydrogen as a broad-spectrum RONS scavenger for accelerated diabetic wound healing

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 196-206页

作者： Man Luo Qin Wang Gang Zhao Wei Jiang Cici Zeng Qingao Zhang Ruyu Yang Wang Dong Yunxi Zhao Guozhen Zhang Jun Jiang Yucai Wang Qing Zhu Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Department of Radiology The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Shenzhen Senior High School Institute of Intelligent innovation Henan Academy of Sciences

Hydrogen therapy shows great promise as a versatile treatment method for diseases associated with the overexpression of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species（RONS）. However, developing an advanced hydrogen therapy platform that integrates controllable hydrogen release, efficient RONS elimination, and biodegradability remains a giant technical challenge. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that the tungsten bronze phase H0.53WO3（HWO） is an exceptionally ideal hydrogen carrier, with salient features including temperature-dependent highly-reductive atomic hydrogen release and broad-spectrum RONS scavenging capability distinct from that of molecular hydrogen. Moreover, its unique p H-responsive biodegradability ensures post-therapeutic clearance at pathological sites. Treatment with HWO of diabetic wounds in an animal model indicates that the solid-state atomic H promotes vascular formation by activating M2-type macrophage polarization and anti-inflammatory cytokine production, resulting in acceleration of chronic wound healing. Our findings significantly expand the basic categories of hydrogen therapeutic materials and pave the way for investigating more physical forms of hydrogen species as efficient RONS scavengers for clinical disease treatment.

关键词： atomic hydrogen RONS scavenger inflammatory regulation diabetic wound healing hydrogen therapy

Photodoping-Modified Charge Density Wave Phase Transition in WS_(2)/1T-TaS_(2) Heterostructure

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第5期41卷 144-170页

作者：王瑞丁建伟孙飞赵继民裘晓辉 Beijing Information Technology College Beijing 100015China cas Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology CAS Center for Excellence in NanoscienceNational Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Dresden 01187Germany Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Controlling collective electronic states hold great promise for development of innovative devices. Here, we experimentally detect the modification of the charge density wave(CDW) phase transition within a 1T-TaS_(2) layer in a WS_(2)/1T-TaS_(2) heterostructure using time-resolved ultrafast spectroscopy. Laser-induced charge transfer doping strongly suppresses the commensurate CDW phase, which results in a significant decrease in both the phase transition temperature(T_(c)) and phase transition stiffness. We interpret the phenomenon that photoinduced hole doping, when surpassing a critical threshold value of ~ 10^(18)cm^(-3), sharply decreases the phase transition energy barrier. Our results provide new insights into controlling the CDW phase transition, paving the way for optical-controlled novel devices based on CDW materials.

关键词： doping transition Transition

Atomically precise Ru-O-Ru clusters for enhanced water dissociation in alkaline hydrogen evolution

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Nano Research 2024年第8期17卷 6993-7000页

作者： Dong Liu Li Xu Sicheng Li Airong Xu Yuanhua Sun Tong Liu Mengyuan Liu Huijuan Wang Xiaokang Liu Tao Yao Tao Ding Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale School of Nuclear Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent ChemistryNational Synchrotron Radiation LaboratoryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230029China Experimental Center of Engineering and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Atomic clusters typically exhibit distinctive electronic structures and physicochemical ***,as the size decreases,their ability to adsorb and dissociate water also diminishes,thereby affecting chemical reactions involving water *** the adsorption and dissociation capabilities of atomic clusters towards water molecules and elucidating the mechanisms underlying their performance enhancement have become important research ***,employing the carrier-anchored strategy,Ru-O-Ru atomic clusters were prepared and displayed excellent activity and durability in the hydrogen evolution ***,the Ru-O-Ru atomic clusters exhibited only 86 mV overpotential at 100 mA·cm−^(2) and superior membrane-electrode-assembly activity than commercial Ru/C *** radiation-based Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic measurements revealed that the modification of oxygen in Ru-O-Ru units promoted the reorientation of water molecules from a H-up orientation to H-down,therefore,enhanced the formation of strong hydrogen-bond network of interfacial water on the surface of Ru-O-Ru clusters,leading to enhanced adsorption and dissociation of water and accelerated Volmer *** findings provide a potential strategy and deep insights for the development of atomic clusters in electrocatalysts.

关键词： hydrogen evolution in-situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) Ru catalysts electrocatalysis atomic clusters

Fiber Bundle Topology Optimization for Surface Flows

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第3期37卷 236-264页

作者： Yongbo Deng Weihong Zhang Jihong Zhu Yingjie Xu Jan G Korvink State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics Changchun Institute of OpticsFine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China State IJR Center of Aerospace Design and Additive Manufacturing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Institute of Microstructure Technology(IMT) Karlsruhe Institute of Technology(KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtzplatz 176344 Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany

This paper presents a topology optimization approach for the surface flows on variable design *** this approach,the matching between the pattern of a surface flow and the 2-manifold used to define the pattern can be optimized,where the 2-manifold is implicitly defined on another fixed 2-manifold named as the base *** fiber bundle topology optimization approach is developed based on the description of the topological structure of the surface flow by using the differential geometry concept of the fiber *** material distribution method is used to achieve the evolution of the pattern of the surface *** evolution of the implicit 2-manifold is realized via a homeomorphous *** design variable of the pattern of the surface flow and that of the implicit 2-manifold are regularized by two sequentially implemented surface-PDE *** two surface-PDE filters are coupled,because they are defined on the implicit 2-manifold and base manifold,*** surface Navier-Stokes equations,defined on the implicit 2-manifold,are used to describe the surface *** fiber bundle topology optimization problem is analyzed using the continuous adjoint method implemented on the first-order Sobolev *** numerical examples have been provided to demonstrate this approach,where the combination of the viscous dissipation and pressure drop is used as the design objective.

关键词： Fiber bundle Topology optimization 2-manifold Surface flow Material distribution method Porous medium model

SSL Depth: self-supervised learning enables 16× speedup in confocal microscopy-based 3D surface imaging [Invited]

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Chinese Optics Letters 2024年第6期22卷 3-7页

作者： Ze-Hao Wang Tong-Tian Weng Xiang-Dong Chen Li Zhao Fang-Wen Sun cas Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China cas Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230088China Anhui Golden-Shield 3D Technology Co. Ltd.Hefei 230011China

In scientific and industrial research, three-dimensional (3D) imaging, or depth measurement, is a critical tool that provides detailed insight into surface properties. Confocal microscopy, known for its precision in surface measurements, plays a key role in this field. However, 3D imaging based on confocal microscopy is often challenged by significant data requirements and slow measurement speeds. In this paper, we present a novel self-supervised learning algorithm called SSL Depth that overcomes these challenges. Specifically, our method exploits the feature learning capabilities of neural networks while avoiding the need for labeled data sets typically associated with supervised learning approaches. Through practical demonstrations on a commercially available confocal microscope, we find that our method not only maintains higher quality, but also significantly reduces the frequency of the z-axis sampling required for 3D imaging. This reduction results in a remarkable 16×measurement speed, with the potential for further acceleration in the future. Our methodological advance enables highly efficient and accurate 3D surface reconstructions, thereby expanding the potential applications of confocal microscopy in various scientific and industrial fields.

关键词： confocal microscopy 3D surface imaging self-supervised learning

Simultaneous detection of flare-associated kink oscillations and extreme-ultraviolet waves

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1592-1601页

作者： LI Dong HOU ZhenYong BAI XianYong LI Chuan FANG Matthew ZHAO HaiSheng WANG JinCheng NING ZongJun Key Laboratory of Dark Matter and Space Astronomy Purple Mountain ObservatoryChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing210023China Yunnan Key Laboratory of the Solar Physics and Space Science Kunming650216China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing100871China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics Ministry of EducationNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Columbus Academy GahannaOhio43230USA Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming650216China

Kink oscillations,which are frequently observed in coronal loops and prominences,are often accompanied by extreme-ultraviolet(EUV)***,much more needs to be explored regarding the causal relationships between kink oscillations and EUV *** this article,we report the simultaneous detection of kink oscillations and EUV waves that are both associated with an X2.1 flare on 2023 March 03(SOL2023-03-03T17:39).The kink oscillations,which are almost perpendicular to the axes of loop-like structures,are observed in three coronal loops and one *** short loop shows in-phase oscillation within the same period of 5.2 min at three *** oscillation could be triggered by the pushing of an expanding loop and interpreted as the standing kink *** lags are found between the kink oscillations of the short loop and two long loops,suggesting that the kink wave travels in different *** kink oscillations of one long loop and the prominence are possibly driven by the disturbance of the coronal mass ejection(CME),and that of another long loop might be attributed to the interaction of the EUV *** onset time of the kink oscillation of the short loop is nearly same as the beginning of an EUV *** fact demonstrates that they are almost *** EUV wave is most likely excited by the expanding loop structure and shows two *** leading component is a fast coronal wave,and the trailing one could be due to the stretching magnetic field lines.

关键词： coronal loops solar flares solar prominence solar oscillations extreme-ultraviolet wave magnetohydrodynamic

Ethical concerns in aging research:perspectives of global frontline researchers

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 2149-2156页

作者： Yaojin Peng Lulu Ding Zhenyu Xiao Moshi Song Jianwei Lv Guang-Hui Liu Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Aging Biomarker Consortium(ABC) Beijing 100101China School of Life Science Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China School of Life Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Advanced innovation Center for Human Brain Protection and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China Aging Translational Medicine Center International Center for Aging and CancerBeijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research CenterXuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100053China

This study investigated the ethical landscape of aging research amid the increasing global focus on extending the human lifespan and health *** global survey of 180 researchers across 38 jurisdictions revealed divergent perceptions of aging,a consensus regarding the feasibility of delaying aging,and multiple perspectives regarding lifespan *** present findings underscore a paradigm shift toward inclusive and ethically sound research,emphasizing the need for an approach that strikes a balance between basic and clinical *** addition,this study highlighted key ethical concerns in aging research,including the effects of misleading advertising,potential inequality in access to aging interventions,and risks pertaining to the extrapolation of research findings from lower-model organisms to *** insights presented in this paper call for an integrated approach for overcoming the complex ethical and societal challenges in aging research to ensure responsible and equitable advancements in this burgeoning field.

关键词： aging ethical landscape ethics surveys and questionnaires

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Ethanol-assisted synthesis of a Ni single-atom catalyst with poriferous 3D framework for efficient cascade CO2 electroreduction

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4612-4619页

作者： Feng Wu Shi-Qi Wang Sebastian Kunze Xiao-Ping Gao Pei-Qun Yin Yu-En Wu Division of Life Sciences and Medicine Department of Endocrinology School of Chemistry and Materials Science The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC University of Science and Technology of China Department of Chemistry Seoul National University School of Biomedical Engineering Anhui Medical University

The electroreduction of carbon dioxide to generate multicarbon products is significant for achieving a carbon-neutral economy. However, the selectivity for multi-carbon products faces several challenges, such as the intricate nature of the multistep hydrogenation processes, slow reaction kinetics and the bicarbonate precipitate issue caused by alkaline conditions. These factors hinder the extensive utilization of this reaction. Herein, we successfully developed and implemented a tandem electrolyzer cascade to separate and optimize the complex elementary reactions involved in the process of multi-carbon production. This approach enables us to enhance the Faradaic efficiency (FE) of each step, consequently improving the overall performance of the system. An ethanol-assisted ionic-exchange method was utilized to synthesize a Ni

关键词： ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION CARBON-DIOXIDE ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS OXYGEN REDUCTION ENERGY HYDROCARBONS COORDINATION CHALLENGES HYDROGEN ETHYLENE

Unraveling engineering disturbance effects on deformation in red-bed mudstone railway cuttings:incorporating crack-facilitated moisture diffusion

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1663-1682页

作者： HUANG Kang DAI Zhangjun YAN Chengzeng YAO Junkai CHI Zecheng CHEN Shanxiong State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China International Joint Research Center for Deep Earth Drilling and Resource Development China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited Beijing 100081China

Red-bed mudstone, prevalent in southwest China, poses a formidable challenge due to its hydrophilic clay minerals, resulting in expansion, deformation, and cracking upon exposure to moisture. This study addresses uplift deformation disasters in high-speed railways by employing a moisture diffusion-deformation-fracture coupling model based on the finite-discrete element method(FDEM). The model integrates the influence of cracks on moisture diffusion. The investigation into various excavation depths reveals a direct correlation between depth and the formation of tensile cracks at the bottom of the railway cutting. These cracks expedite moisture migration, significantly impacting the temporal and spatial evolution of the moisture field. Additionally, crack expansion dominates hygroscopic deformation, with the lateral coordinate of the crack zone determining peak vertical displacement. Furthermore, key factors influencing deformation in railway cuttings, including the swelling factor and initial moisture content at the bottom of the cutting, are explored. The number of tensile and shear cracks increases with greater excavation depth, particularly concerning shear cracks. Higher swelling factors and initial moisture contents result in an increased total number of cracks, predominantly shear cracks. Numerical calculations provide valuable insights, offering a scientific foundation and directional guidance for the precise prevention, control, prediction, and comprehensive treatment of mudstone-related issues in high-speed railways.

关键词： Red-bed mudstone Railway cutting FDEM Moisture diffusion Deformation Crack