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State-of-the-art imaging techniques in endoscopic ultrasound

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第6期17卷 691-696页

作者： Adrian Sftoiu Department of Gastroenterology Research Center of Gastroenterology and HepatologyUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy Craiova

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has recently evolved through technological improvement of equipment,with a major clinical impact in digestive and mediastinal ***-of-the-art EUS equipment now includes real-time sono-elastography,which might be useful for a better characterization of lesions and increased accuracy of differential diagnosis (for *** nodes or focal pancreatic lesions).Contrast-enhanced EUS imaging is also available,and is already being used for the differential diagnosis of focal pancreatic *** recent development of low mechanical index contrast harmonic EUS imaging offers hope for improved diagnosis,staging and monitoring of anti-angiogenic *** EUS (3D-EUS) techniques can be applied to enhance the spatial understanding of EUS anatomy,especially for improved staging of tumors,obtained through a better assessment of the relationship with major surrounding *** the progress gained through all these imaging techniques,they cannot replace cytological or histological ***,real-time optical histological diagnosis can be achieved through the use of single-fiber confocal laser endomicroscopy techniques placed under real-time EUS-guidance through a 22G ***,but not least,EUS-assisted natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) procedures offer a whole new area of imaging applications,used either for combination of NOTES peritoneoscopy and intraperitoneal EUS,but also for access of retroperitoneal organs through posterior EUS guidance.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Real-time sono-elastography Contrast-enhancement Tridimensional (3D) Hybrid imaging Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration

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Confocal laser endomicroscopy and immunoendoscopy for real-time assessment of vascularization in gastrointestinal malignancies

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第1期17卷 21-27页

作者： Dan Ionut Gheonea Tatiana Crtnǎ Tudorel Ciurea Carmen Popescu Anca Bǎdǎrǎu Adrian Sǎftoiu Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of Medicine and Pharmacy CraiovaCraiova 200349Romania Physiology Department University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila BucharestBucharest 050474Romania Cytology Laboratory Emergency Hospital CraiovaCraiova 200642Romania

Gastrointestinal cancers represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality,with incomplete response to chemotherapy in the advanced stages and poor *** plays a crucial part in tumor growth and metastasis,with most gastrointestinal cancers depending strictly on the development of a new and devoted capillary *** laser endomicroscopy is a new technology which allows in vivo microscopic analysis of the gastrointestinal mucosa and its microvascularization during ongoing endoscopy by using topically or systemically administered contrast *** markers of angiogenesis in association with confocal laser endomicroscopic examination(immunoendoscopy),as a future challenge,will add functional analysis to the morphological aspect of the neoplastic *** review describes previous experience in endomicroscopic examination of the upper and lower digestive tract with emphasis on vascularization,resulting in a broad spectrum of potential clinical applications,and also preclinical research that could be translated to human studies.

关键词： Confocal laser endomicroscopy Immunoendoscopy Fluoresceine Acriflavine Cancer

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