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ABCB1 and ABCB19 auxin transporters have synergistic effects on early and late Arabidopsis anther development

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2015年第12期57卷 1089-1098页

作者： Valentina Cecchetti Patrizia Brunetti Nadia Napoli Laura Fattorini Maria Maddalena Altamura Paolo Costantino Maura Cardarelli IBPM-CNR Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology National Research Council Sapienza University of Rome Department of Biology and Biotechnology Sapienza University of Rome Department of Environmental Biology Sapienza University of Rome

Arabidopsis abcbl abcb19 double mutants defective in the auxin transporters ABCB1/PGP1 and ABCB19/PGP19 are altered in stamen elongation, anther dehiscence and pollen maturation. To assess the contribution of these transporters to stamen development we performed phenotypic, histological analyses, and in situ hybridizations on abcbl and abcbl9 single mutant flowers. We found that pollen maturation and anther dehiscence are precocious in the abcbl but not in the abcb19 mutant. Accordingly, endothecium ligniflcation is altered only in abcbl anthers. Both abcbl and abcb1 abcb19 stamens also show altered early development, with asynchronous anther Iocules and a multilayer tapetum. DAPI staining showed that the timing of meiosis is asynchronous in abcbl abcb19 anther Iocules, while only a small percentage of pollen grains are non- viable according to Alexander＇s staining. In agreement, TAM （TARDY ASYNCHRONOUS MEIOSIS）, as well as BAM2 （BARELY ANY MERISTEM）involved in tapetal cell development--areoverexpressed in abcbl abcb19 young flower buds. Corre- spondingly, ABCB1 and ABCB19 mRNA localization supports the observed phenotypes of abcbl and abcbl abcb19 mutant anthers. In conclusion, we provide evidence that auxin transport plays a significant role both in early and late stamen development： ABCB1 plays a major role during anther development, while ABCB19 has a synergistic role.

关键词： Anther development Arabidopsis auxin transport endothecium lignification tapetum differentiation

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Experimental measurements and CFD modelling of hydroxyapatite scaffolds in perfusion bioreactors for bone regeneration

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2023年第1期10卷 411-422页

作者： Alessandro d’Adamo Elisabetta Salerno Giuseppe Corda Claudio Ongaro Barbara Zardin Andrea Ruffini Giulia Orlandi Jessika Bertacchini Diego Angeli Dipartimento di Ingegneria Enzo Ferrari Universita`degli Studi di Modena e Reggio EmiliaModena 41125Italy Centro Interdipartimentale per la Ricerca Applicata e i Servizi nella Meccanica Avanzata e nella Motoristica InterMech-MO.RE Piazzale Europa1Reggio Emilia RE 42124Italy Department of Sciences and Methods for Engineering University of Modena and Reggio EmiliaReggio Emilia 42122Italy Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics(ISTEC) National Research Council(CNR)Faenza 48018Italy Department of Surgery MedicineDentistry and Morphological Sciences with Interest in TransplantOncology and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaModena 41125Italy Istituto di Genetica Molecolare“Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza” Consiglio Nazionale della Ricerca(IGM-CNR)Bologna 40136Italy

In the field of bone tissue engineering,particular interest is devoted to the development of 3D cultures to study bone cell proliferation under conditions similar to in vivo ones,*** artificially producing mechanical stresses promoting a biological response(mechanotransduction).Of particular relevance in this context are the effects generated by the flow shear stress,which governs the nutrients delivery rate to the growing cells and which can be controlled in perfusion ***,the introduction of 3D scaffolds complicates the direct measurement of the generated shear stress on the adhered cells inside the matrix,thus jeopardizing the potential of using multi-dimensional *** this study,an anisotropic hydroxyapatite-based set of scaffolds is considered as a 3D biomimetic support for bone cells deposition and *** of sample-specific flow resistance are carried out using a perfusion system,accompanied by a visual characterization of the material *** the obtained results,a subset of three samples is reproduced using 3D-Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)techniques and the models are validated by virtually replicating the flow resistance *** a good agreement is found,the analysis of flow-induced shear stress on the inner B-HA structure is carried out based on simulation ***,a statistical analysis leads to a simplified expression to correlate the flow resistance with the entity and extensions of wall shear stress inside the *** study applies CFD to overcome the limitations of experiments,allowing for an advancement in multi-dimensional cell cultures by elucidating the flow conditions in 3D reactors.

关键词： experimental CFD modellings hydroxyapatites scaffolds biomaterial cell interaction bone regenerative mechanism

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Characterization of a VLC system in real museum scenario using diffusive LED lighting of artworks

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Photonics Research 2021年第4期9卷 548-557页

作者： Marco Seminara Marco Meucci Fabio Tarani Cristiano Riminesi Jacopo Catani European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy(LENS) Sesto FiorentinoItaly National Institute of Optics-CNR(CNR-INO) Sesto FiorentinoItaly Institute of Heritage Science-CNR(CNR-ISPC) Sesto FiorentinoItaly

Visible light communication(VLC)is currently recognized as a relevant technology for a wealth of possible application *** classes of services can be designed in both outdoor and indoor environments,exploiting the directionality of the optical channel and the low attainable *** features allow VLC to offer both spatial localization of users and wireless communication by using widespread high-power LEDs as simultaneous illumination and information *** the indoor scenario,one of the most promising deployments is expected in museums,where digital data can be cast by the specific illumination system of each artwork and received by visitors placed *** would enable a full set of services,aiming,e.g.,at an immersive experience in the augmented reality approach or at real-time localization of *** this work,we characterize for the first time the performance of a photodiode-based VLC system in a real museum environment,performing an extensive measurement campaign on several masterpieces(wall,canvas,and wood paintings)in the Basilica of Santa Maria Novella in Florence,*** particular,we demonstrate the possibility of using indirect(diffused)illumination light to deliver specific information on each artwork to a *** characterize the quality of such non-line-of-sight VLC links by performing packet error rate measurements as a function of angle and distance from the artwork,and we measure the effective field of view(FoV)of our receiving stage,as well as the influence of side displacements of the receiver on the transmission quality,demonstrating that diffusive VLC links can also be used for efficient localization of users in front of each artwork in museum *** observed baud rates up to 28 kbaud and FoV values up to 60°for realistic distances up to 6 m,we believe our work could pave the way for future studies involving VLC in a wealth of indoor applications,beyond the cultural heritage sector.

关键词： VLC illumination system

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Dendritic cell subsets in cancer immunity and tumor antigen sensing

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第5期20卷 432-447页

作者： Annalisa Del Prete Valentina Salvil Alessandra Soriani Mattia Laffranchi Francesca Sozio Daniela Bosisio Silvano Sozzani Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine University of BresciaBresciaItaly Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza University of RomeRomeItaly

Dendritic cells(DCs)exhibit a specialized antigen-presenting function and play crucial roles in both innate and adaptive immune *** to their ability to cross-present tumor cell-associated antigens to naïve T cells,DCs are instrumental in the generation of specific T-cell-mediated antitumor effector responses in the control of tumor growth and tumor cell *** an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment,DC antitumor functions can,however,be severely *** this review,we focus on the mechanisms of DC capture and activation by tumor cell antigens and the role of the tumor microenvironment in shaping DC functions,taking advantage of recent studies showing the phenotype acquisition,transcriptional state and functional programs revealed by scRNA-seq *** therapeutic potential of DC-mediated tumor antigen sensing in priming antitumor immunity is also discussed.

关键词： Dendritic cell subsets Tumor microenvironment Migration Innate immune sensing Immune cell death Tumor-derived extracellularvesicles

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Semiconductor,molecular and hybrid systems for photoelectrochemical solar fuel production

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2017年第2期26卷 219-240页

作者： Rosalba Passalacqua Siglinda Perathoner Gabriele Centi Department of Chemical BiologicalPharmaceutical and Environmental SciencesUniversity of MessinaV.le F.Stagno d’Alcontres 3198166 MessinaItaly Department of Mathematics and Computational Sciences Physical Sciences and Earth SciencesUniversity of MessinaV.le F.Stagno d’Alcontres 3198166 MessinaItaly CASPE(INSTM Laboratory of Catalysis for Sustainable Production&Energy)/ERIC aisbl(European Research Institute of Catalysis) University of MessinaV.le F.Stagno d’Alcontres 3198166 MessinaItaly

The paper shortly reviews the basic direct approaches applied in searching for viable solutions to solar fuel production. These are generally distinguished in molecular and semiconductor(non-molecular)systems, however, hybrid strategies, proposed recently, have also been included. The most promising efforts are considered, highlighting key aspects and emerging critical issues. Special attention is paid to aspects such as electrode architecture, device design, and main differences in the scientific vision and challenges to directly produce solar fuels. This overview could be useful to orientate the readers in the wide panorama of research activities concerning water splitting, natural and artificial photosynthesis, and solar fuel production through the identification of common aspects, specialties and potentialities of the many initiatives and approaches that are developing worldwide in this field with the final aim to meet world energy demand.

关键词： Solar fuels production CO2 reduction Artificial photosynthesis PEC cells Semiconductor systems Molecular systems Hybrid nanobiocatalytic systems

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Functional topography of the corpus callosum investigated by DTI and f MRI

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World Journal of Radiology 2014年第12期6卷 895-906页

作者： Mara Fabri Chiara Pierpaoli Paolo Barbaresi Gabriele Polonara Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica Sezione di Neuroscienze e Biologia Cellulare Università Politecnica delle Marche Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche e Odontostomatologiche Sezione di Scienze Radiologiche Università Politecnica delle Marche

This short review examines the most recent functional studies of the topographic organization of the human corpus callosum, the main interhemispheric commissure. After a brief description of its anatomy, development, microstructure, and function, it examines and discusses the latest findings obtained using diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) and tractography(DTT) and functional magnetic resonance imaging(f MRI), three recently developed imaging techniques that have significantly expanded and refined our knowledge of the commissure. While DTI and DTT have been providing insights into its microstructure, integrity and level of myelination, f MRI has been the key technique in documenting the activation of white matter fibers, particularly in the corpus callosum. By combining DTT and f MRI it has been possible to describe the trajectory of the callosal fibers interconnecting the primary olfactory, gustatory, motor, somatic sensory, auditory and visual cortices at sites where the activation elicited by peripheral stimulation was detected by fMRI. These studies have demonstrated the presence of callosal fiber tracts that cross the commissure at the level of the genu, body, and splenium, at sites showing f MRI activation. Altogether such findings lend further support to the notion that the corpus callosum displays a functional topographic organization that can be explored with f MRI.

关键词： Corpus callosum Interhemispheric transfer Functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging Brain imaging Topographic organization

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From individual elements to macroscopic materials: in search of new superconductors via machine learning

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1640-1648页

作者： Claudio Pereti Kevin Bernot Thierry Guizouarn František Laufek Anna Vymazalová Luca Bindi Roberta Sessoli Duccio Fanelli Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Universitàdi FirenzeINFN and CSDCVia Sansone 150019 Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeItaly Univ.Rennes Universitéde Rennes 1INSA RennesCNRSISCR(Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)UMR 6226F-35000 RennesFrance Institut Universitaire de France 1 rue DescartesParisFrance Czech Geological Survey Geologická615200 Praha 5Czech Republic Dipartimento di Science della Terra Universitàdi FirenzeVia G.La Pira450121 FirenzeItaly Dipartimento di Chimica U.Schiff-DICUS and INSTM Research Unit Universitàdi FirenzeVia della Lastruccia 3-13Sesto Fiorentino 50019 FirenzeItaly

An approach to supervised classification and regression of superconductive materials is proposed which builds on the DeepSet *** enables us to provide the chemical constituents of the examined compounds as an input to the algorithm,while avoiding artefacts that could originate from the chosen ordering in the *** performance of the method are successfully challenged for both classification(tag a given material as superconducting)and regression(quantifying the associated critical temperature).We then searched through the International Mineralogical Association list with the trained neural *** the obtained superconducting candidates,three materials were selected to undergo a thorough experimental *** has been indeed confirmed for the synthetic analogue of michenerite,PdBiTe,and observed for the first time in monchetundraite,Pd2NiTe2,at critical temperatures in good agreement with the theory *** latter is the first certified superconducting material to be identified by artificial intelligence methodologies.

关键词： artificial Deep neural

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Analysis of smart contracts balances

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第3期2卷 46-67页

作者： Cosimo Laneve Claudio Sacerdoti Coen Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of BolognaINRIA FocusBologna40126Italy

We define a technique for analyzing updates of smart contracts balances due to transfers of digital *** analysis addresses a lightweight smart contract language and consists of a two-step ***,we define the input-output behaviors of smart contract functions by means of a simple functional language with static *** we associate the terms of this intermediate language with cost equations that compute the loss or gain of digital *** resulting equations can be fed to an off-the-shelf cost analyzer to provide upper bounds to the loss or *** analysis has been prototyped and we report its assessments and discuss extensions with additional features.

关键词： Smart contracts Blockchain Static analysis Cost analysis Cryptocurrency Movements

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On Conformal Metrics with Constant Q-Curvature

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Analysis in Theory and Applications 2019年第2期35卷 117-143页

作者： Andrea Malchiodi Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri 750126 PisaItaly

We review some recent results in the literature concerning existence of conformal metrics with constant *** problem is rather similar to the classical Yamabe problem:however辻 is characterized by a fourth-order operator that might lack in general a maximum *** several years existence of geometrically admissible solutions was known only in particular ***;there has been instead progress in this direction for some general classes of conformal metrics.

关键词： Geometric PDEs variational methods min-max schemes

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Identify multiple myeloma stem cells: Utopia?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2015年第1期7卷 84-95页

作者： Ilaria Saltarella Aurelia Lamanuzzi Antonia Reale Angelo Vacca Roberto Ria Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Section of Internal Medicine "G. Baccelli" University of Bari "Aldo Moro" Medical School Policlinico I-70124 Bari Italy

Multiple myeloma(MM) is a hematologic malignancy of monoclonal plasma cells which remains incurable despite recent advances in therapies. The presence of cancer stem cells(CSCs) has been demonstrated in many solid and hematologic tumors, so the idea of CSCs has been proposed for MM, even if MM CSCs have not been define yet. The existence of myeloma CSCs with clonotypic B and clonotypic non B cells was postulated by many groups. This review aims to focus on these distinct clonotypic subpopulations and on their ability to develop and sustain MM. The bone marrow microenvironment provides to MM CSCs self-renewal, survival and drug resistance thanks to the presence of normal and cancer stem cell niches. The niches and CSCs interact each other through adhesion molecules and the interplay between ligands and receptors activate stemness signaling(Hedgehog, Wnt and Notch pathways). MM CSCs are also supposed to be responsible for drug resistance that happens in three steps from the initial cancer cell homing microenvironment-mediated to development of microenvironment-independent drug resistance. In this review, we will underline all these aspects of MM CSCs.

关键词： Bone marrow microenvironment Cancerstem cells Multiple myeloma Stem cells niche Stemness

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