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Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci for Lipid Metabolism in Rice Seeds

Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 865-875页

作者： Jie-Zheng Ying Jun-Xiang Shan Ji-Ping Gao Mei-Zhen Zhu Min Shi Hong-Xuan Lin National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Shanghai) Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesThe Chinese Academy of SciencesGraduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences300 Fenglin RoadShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of Rice biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

Plant seed oil is important for human dietary consumption and industrial application. The oil trait is controlled by quantitative trait loci （QTLs）, but no QTLs for fatty acid composition are known in rice, the monocot model plant. QTL analysis was performed using F2 and F2：3 progeny from a cross of an indica variety and a japonica variety. Gas chroma- tography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） analysis revealed significant differences between parental lines in fatty acid com- position of brown rice oil, and 29 associated QTLs in F2 and/or F2：3 populations were identified throughout the rice genome, except chromosomes 9 and 10. Eight QTLs were repeatedly identified in both populations across different envi- ronments. Five loci pleiotropically controlled different traits, contributing to complex interactions of oil with fatty acids and between fatty acids. Nine rice orthologs of Arabidopsis genes encoding key enzymes in lipid metabolism co-localized with 11 mapped QTLs. A strong QTL for oleic （18：1） and linoleic （18：2） acid were associated with a rice ortholog of a gene encoding acyI-CoA：diacylglycerol acyltransferase （DGAT）, and another for palmitic acid （16：0） mapped similarly to the acyl- ACP thioesterase （Fatb） gene ortholog. Our approach rapidly and efficiently identified candidate genes for mapped QTLs controlling fatty acid composition and oil concentration, providing information for improving rice grain quality by marker assisted selection.

关键词： Rice fatty acid seed oil lipid metabolism QTL.

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Dissecting the Genetic basis of Extremely Large Grain Shape in Rice Cultivar 'JZ1560'

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2012年第7期39卷 325-333页

作者： Jie-Zheng Ying Ji-Ping Gao Jun-Xiang Shan Mei-Zhen Zhu Min Shi Hong-Xuan Lin National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Shanghai) Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of Sciences300 Fenglin RoadShanghai 200032China National Key Laboratory of Rice biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China

Rice grain shape, grain length （GL）, width （GW）, thickness （GT） and length-to-width ratio （LWR）, are usually controlled by multiple quantitative trait locus （QTL）. To elucidate the genetic basis of extremely large grain shape, QTL analysis was performed using an F2 population derived from a cross between a japonica cuttivar ＇JZI560＇（extremely large grain） and a contrasting indica cultivar ＇FAZI＇（small grain）. A total number of 24 QTLs were detected on seven different chromosomes. QTLs for GL, GW, GT and LWR explained 11.6%, 95.62%, 91.5% and 89.9% of total phenotypic variation, respectively. Many QTLs pleiotropically controlled different grain traits, contributing complex traits correlation. GW2 and qSW5/GW5, which have been cloned previously to control GW, showed similar chromosomal locations with qGW2-1/qGT2-1/qLWR2-2 and qGW5-2/qLWR5-1 and should be the right candidate genes. Plants pyramiding GW2 and qSW5/GW5 showed a significant increase in GW compared with those carrying one of the two major QTLs. Furthermore, no significant QTL interaction was observed between GW2 and qSW5/GW5. These results suggested that GW2 and qSW5/GW5 might work in independent pathways to regulate grain traits. ＇JZ1560＇ alleles underlying all QTLs contributed an increase in GW and GT and the accumulation of additive effects generates the extremely large grain shape in ＇JZ1560＇.

关键词： Rice Quantitative trait locus Additive effect Grain shape

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Overexpression of SOS Genes Enhanced Salt Tolerance in Sweetpotato

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第3期11卷 378-386页

作者： GAO Shang YUAN Li ZHAI Hong LIU Cheng-long HE Shao-zhen LIU Qing-chang beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization Ministry of Education/College of Agriculture and BiotechnologyChina

The production of transgenic sweetpotato （*** 18） plants exhibiting enhanced salt tolerance using salt overly sensitive （SOS） genes was achieved through Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated *** strain EHA105 harbors a binary vector pCAMbIA3301 with SOS genes （SOS1,SOS2 and SOS3） and bar *** culture was conducted using 0.3 mg L^-1 phosphinothricin （PPT）.A total of 40 plants were produced from the inoculated 170 cell aggregates via somatic *** analysis showed that 37 of the 40 regenerated plants were transgenic *** in vitro assay demonstrated that superoxide dismutase （SOD） and proline were significantly more accumulated and malonaldehyde （MDA） was significantly less accumulated in 21 transgenic plants than in control plants when they were exposed to 86 mmol L^-1 *** tolerance of these 21 plants was further evaluated with Hoagland solution containing 0,51,86,and 120 mmol L^-1 NaCl in the *** results indicated that 6 of them had significantly better growth and rooting ability than the remaining 15 transgenic plants and control *** of SOS genes in the 6 salt-tolerant transgenic plants was demonstrated by RT-PCR *** study provides an alternative approach for improving salt tolerance of sweetpotato.

关键词： Agrobacterium tumefaciens sweetpotato salt tolerance SOS transgenic plant

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Molecular Cloning and Functional Characterization of a Salt Tolerance-Associated Gene IbNFU1 from Sweetpotato

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第1期12卷 27-35页

作者： WANG Lian-jun HE Shao-zhen ZHAI Hong LIU De-gao WANG Yan-nan LIU Qing-chang Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and UtilizationMinistry of Education/China Agricultural University

Iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis involving the nitrogen fixation（Nif） proteins has been proposed as a general mechanism acting in various ***-like protein may play an important role in protecting plants against abiotic and biotic *** on the EST sequence selected from salt-stressed suppression subtractive hybridization（SSH） cDNA library constructed with a salt-tolerant mutant LM79,a NFU gene,termed IbNFU1,was cloned from sweetpotato（Ipomoea batatas（L.） Lam.） via rapid amplification of cDNA ends（RACE）.The cDNA sequence of 1 117 bp contained an 846 bp open reading frame encoding a 281 amino acids polypeptide with a molecular weight of 30.5 kDa and an isoelectric point（pI） of ***1 gene contained a conserved Cys-X-X-Cys motif in C-terminal of the iron-sulfur cluster *** deduced amino acid sequence had 66.08 to 71.99% sequence identity to NFU genes reported in Arabidopsis thaliana,Eucalyptus grandis and Vitis ***-time quantitative PCR analysis revealed that the expression level of IbNFU1 gene was significantly higher in the roots of the mutant LM79 compared to the wild-type *** tobacco（*** 38） plants expressing IbNFU1 gene exhibited significantly higher salt tolerance compared to the untransformed control *** is proposed that IbNFU1 gene has an important function for salt tolerance of plants.

关键词： cloning IbNFU1 gene Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam. salt tolerance

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Enhanced Stem Nematode Resistance of Transgenic Sweetpotato Plants Expressing Oryzacystatin-I Gene

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第4期10卷 519-525页

作者： GAO Shang YU bo ZHAI Hong HE Shao-zhen LIU Qing-chang Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Genetic Improvement Ministry of Agriculture/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization Ministry of Education~China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 P.R.China

Enhanced stem nematode resistance of transgenic sweetpotato （cv. Lizixiang） was achieved using Oryzacystatin-I （OCI） gene with Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. A. tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbors a binary vector pCAMbIA1301 with OCI gene, gusA gene and hptII gene. Selection culture was conducted using 25 mg L-1 hygromycin. A total of 1 715 plants were produced from the inoculated 1 450 cell aggregates of Lizixiang via somatic embryogenesis. GUS assay and PCR analysis of the putative transgenic plants randomly sampled showed that 90.54% of them were transgenic plants. Transgenic plants exhibited significantly enhanced resistance to stem nematodes compared to the untransformed control plants by the field evaluation with stem nematodes. Stable integration of the OCI gene into the genome of resistant transgenic plants was confirmed by Southern blot analysis, and the copy number of integrated OCI gene ranged from 1 to 4. Transgene overexpression in stem nematode-resistant plants was demonstrated by quantitative real-time PCR analysis. This study provides a way for improving stem nematode resistance in sweetpotato.

关键词： Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Oryzacystatin-I gene stem nematode resistance transgenic plant

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A new approach to dissecting complex traits by combining quantitative trait transcript (QTT) mapping and diallel cross analysis

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Chinese Science bulletin 2012年第21期57卷 2695-2700页

作者： YANG DaiGang YE ChengYin MA XiongFeng ZHU ZhiHong ZHOU XiaoJian WANG HaiFeng MENG QingQin PEI XiaoYu YU ShuXun ZHU Jun Cotton Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesState Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologyAnyang 455000China Department of Agronomy Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China

A promising way to uncover the genetic architectures underlying complex traits may lie in the ability to recognize the genetic variants and expression transcripts that are responsible for the traits' ***,statistical methods capable of investigating the association between the inheritance of a quantitative trait and expression transcripts are still *** this study,we described a two-step approach that we developed to evaluate the contribution of expression transcripts to the inheritance of a complex ***,a mixed linear model approach was applied to detect significant trait-associated differentially expressed ***,conditional analysis were used to predict the contribution of the differentially expressed genes to a target *** cross data of cotton was used to test the application of the *** proposed that the detected differentially expressed transcripts with a strong impact on the target trait could be used as intermediates for screening lines to improve the traits in plant and animal breeding *** can benefit the discovery of the genetic mechanisms underlying complex traits.

关键词：双列杂交分析数量性状成绩差异表达基因映射解剖混合线性模型遗传变异

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A Gain-of-Function Mutation in IAA7/AXR2 Confers Late Flowering under Short-day Light in Arabidopsis

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2011年第6期53卷 480-492页

作者： Yan-Xia Mai Long Wang Hong-Quan Yang National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute o1 Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes tor ~iolog~calSciences the Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Plant Science Institute School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China

Floral initiation is a major step in the life cycle of plants, which is influenced by photoperiod, temperature, and phytohormones, such as gibberellins （GAs）. It is known that GAs promote floral initiation under short-day light conditions （SDs） by regulating the floral meristem-identity gene LEAFY （LFY） and the flowering-time gene SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CO 1 （SOC1）. We have defined the role of the auxin signaling component INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID 7 （IAA7）/AUXIN RESISTANT 2 （AXR2） in the regulation of flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. We demonstrate that the gain-of-function mutant of IAA7/AXR2, axr2-1, flowers late under SDs. The exogenous application of GAs rescued the late flowering phenotype of axr2-1 plants. The expression of the GA20 oxidase （GA2Oox） genes, GA2Ooxl and GA2Oox2, was reduced in axr2-1 plants, and the levels of both LFY and SOC1 transcripts were reduced in axr2-1 mutants under SDs. Furthermore, the overexpression of SOC1 or LFY in axr2-1 mutants rescued the late flowering phenotype under SDs. Our results suggest that IAA7/AXR2 might act to inhibit the timing of floral transition under SDs, at least in part, by negatively regulating the expressions of the GA2Ooxl and GA2Oox2 genes.

关键词： Arabidopsis GA 20-oxidases GAs IAA7/AXR2 auxin.

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拟南芥中光信号系统中关键基因CRY1、CRY2和COP1启动子的表达模式分析

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植物生理学通讯 2010年第6期46卷 541-548页

作者：汤淼杨洪全上海交通大学农业与生物学院上海200240

通过构建表达光信号系统关键基因CRY1、CRY2和COP1启动子与GUS融合基因的拟南芥转基因植株,并对转基因植株进行GUS组织化学染色的结果表明,CRY1、CRY2和COP1的表达模式不受光条件的调控,并且在各器官有广泛的表达。分别分析CRY1基因启... 详细信息

通过构建表达光信号系统关键基因CRY1、CRY2和COP1启动子与GUS融合基因的拟南芥转基因植株,并对转基因植株进行GUS组织化学染色的结果表明,CRY1、CRY2和COP1的表达模式不受光条件的调控,并且在各器官有广泛的表达。分别分析CRY1基因启动子在cop1突变体以及COP1基因启动子在cry1突变体遗传背景中表达模式的结果表明,CRY1和COP1在转录水平上不存在明显的相互调控关系。

关键词：隐花色素 COP1 GUS染色表达模式拟南芥

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甲型流感病毒多功能蛋白质NS1的研究进展

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中国畜牧兽医 2010年第12期37卷 193-209页

作者：刘贵生罗青平冯政梅书棋湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室武汉430064

近年来大量的研究结果表明,甲型流感病毒的非结构蛋白质1(NS1)是在感染病毒期间具有多个辅助功能的毒力因子,为揭示该人畜共患病毒的致病性机理提供重要参考价值。这篇文章综述了该病毒蛋白质一些最新研究进展,包括NS1的合成、结构、亚... 详细信息

近年来大量的研究结果表明,甲型流感病毒的非结构蛋白质1(NS1)是在感染病毒期间具有多个辅助功能的毒力因子,为揭示该人畜共患病毒的致病性机理提供重要参考价值。这篇文章综述了该病毒蛋白质一些最新研究进展,包括NS1的合成、结构、亚细胞定位及在病毒复制机制、宿主天然免疫应答或/和适应性免疫应答、细胞信号传导中发挥各种作用。作者重点阐述了NS1-RNA之间和NS1-蛋白质之间的相互作用,因为它们都是上述功能和过程的基础。同时突出不同毒株NS1蛋白可能特有的特性,鉴于此,也讨论了NS1对人和动物甲型流感病毒致病性的某些作用。最后概述NS1可能应用于流感疫苗的研制、新抗病毒药物的研发等。同时比较了乙、丙型流感病毒NS1研究新进展。

关键词：甲型流感病毒非结构蛋白质1 免疫应答细胞信号通路毒力致病性

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哺乳动物固有免疫中肽聚糖识别蛋白研究进展

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国际免疫学杂志 2011年第6期34卷 332-336页

作者：刘贵生袁芳艳罗青平湖北省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所／动物胚胎工程及分子育种湖北省重点实验室

肽聚糖识别蛋白（PGRPs或PGLYRPs）是重要的识别细菌肽聚糖的模式识别受体之一，且从昆虫到哺乳动物高度保守。哺乳动物有4个PGRPs，它们分别表达于不同的细胞／组织。PG—LYRP1、PGLYRP3和PGLYRP4具有抑杀细菌，而PGLYRP2水解肽聚糖的... 详细信息

肽聚糖识别蛋白（PGRPs或PGLYRPs）是重要的识别细菌肽聚糖的模式识别受体之一，且从昆虫到哺乳动物高度保守。哺乳动物有4个PGRPs，它们分别表达于不同的细胞／组织。PG—LYRP1、PGLYRP3和PGLYRP4具有抑杀细菌，而PGLYRP2水解肽聚糖的特性，最新研究表明PGLYRP2还具有促炎症的特性，其促炎症特性不依赖于其抗菌或水解肽聚糖的活动。血清和组织中PGLYRP2具有不同的功能，血清PGLYRP2可能具有清道夫功能，类似于昆虫PGRPs的酰胺酶活性，从而中和促炎症的肽聚糖；而组织中PGLYRP2参与炎症的诱导。PGRPs很可能在抗菌防御和炎症疾病中发挥作用，调节组织的局部炎症反应（如关节炎）；还与炎性疾病有关，例如银屑病。

关键词：固有免疫肽聚糖模式识别细菌炎症

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