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Multiphysics extension to physically based analyses of pipes with emphasis on frost actions

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Journal of Zhejiang univer.ity-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2012年第11期13卷 877-887页

作者： Zhen LIU Xiong (Bill) YU Jun-liang TAO Ye SUN department of Civil Engineering Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio 44106 USA department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Case Western Reserve University Cleveland Ohio 44106 USA

Pipes,especially buried pipes,in cold regions generally experience a rash of failures during cold weather ***,the existing heuristic models are unable to explain the basic processes involving frost *** is because the frost action is not a direct load but one that causes variations in pipe-soil interactions resulting from the coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical process in *** paper developed and implemented a holistic multiphysics simulation model for freezing soils and extended it to the analysis of pipe-soil *** theoretical framework was implemented to analyze both static and dynamic responses of buried pipes subjected to frost *** multiphysics simulations reproduced phenomena commonly observed during frost actions,e.g.,ice fringe advancement and an increase in the internal stress of *** influences of important design factors,i.e.,buried depth and overburden pressure,on pipe responses were simulated.A fatigue cracking criterion was utilized to predict the crack initialization under the joint effects of frost and dynamic traffic *** frost effects were found to have detrimental effects for accelerating fatigue crack initialization in pipes.

关键词： Underground pipe Multiphysics Frost action Finite element method(FEM)

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Gas-sensing properties of nanocomplex metal oxide

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2005年第7期15卷 669-672页

作者： CHEN Liangyuan, HE Zhusheng, YAN Tao, BAI Shouli, CHEN Aifan and LIU Chung Chiun ( Electronics Design Center, case western reserve univer.ity, cleveland, OH 44106, usa department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji univer.ity of Arts and Science, Baoji 721007, China College of Science, Beijing univer.ity of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China) Electronics Design Center Case Western Reserve University Cleveland 01-I 44106 USA. department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Baoji University of Arts and Science Baoji 721007 China. College of Science Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing 100029 China

The development of CuO/CeO2 nanocomposites as the sensing material of semiconductor gas sensors is reported. CuO/CeO2 nanocomplex oxide is prepared by modified sol-gel method that uses copper nitrate, cerium nitrate and ethylene glycol as precursors. The optimized synthesis parameters and processing condition have been established. The particle size and distribution, phase morphology, specific surface, electronic states of atoms and gas sensing properties have been systematically characterized by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and gas sensitivity measurement. The results show that the sensor sensitivity depends on particle size, Cu/Ce cation ratio and calcination temperature. The effects of calcinations temperature and CuO loading on the gas sensitivity are also examined. The optimum calcination temperature and the CuO content for the highest sensitivity are 600 ℃and 12% , respectively. The combination of excellent thermal stability and tunable sensing properties through careful control of the processing parameters and selection of material composition gives rise to novel nanocomposites attractive to the sensitive and selective detection of a variety of toxic and combustible gases.

关键词： copper oxide cerium oxide nanocomposite CO gas sensitivity.

Comparisons of Graph-structure Clustering Methods for Gene Expression Data

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Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica 2006年第6期38卷 379-384页

作者： Zhuo FANG~1,Lei LIU~(2,4),Jiong YANG~3,Qing-Ming LUO~(1*),and Yi-Xue LI~(2*) ~1 Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory,College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong univer.ity of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China ~2 Shanghai Center for Bioinformatics Technology,Shanghai 200235,China ~3 department of eecs,case western reserve univer.ity,cleveland 44106,usa ~4 W.M.Keck Center for Comparative and Functional Genomics,univer.ity of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,Urbana 61801,usa HubeiBioinformaticsandMolecularImagingKeyLaboratory CollegeofLifeScienceandTechnologyHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyWuhan430074China ShanghaiCenterforBioinformaticsTechnology Shanghai200235China W.M

Although many numerical clustering algorithms have been applied to gene expression dataanalysis,the essential step is still biological interpretation by manual *** correlation betweengenetic co-regulation and affiliation to a common biological process is what biologists ***,weintroduce some clustering algorithms that are based on graph structure constituted by biological *** applying a widely used dataset,we compared the result clusters of two of these algorithms in terms ofthe homogeneity of clusters and coherence of annotation and matching *** results show that theclusters of knowledge-guided analysis are the kernel parts of the clusters of Gene Ontology (GO)-Clustersoftware,which contains the genes that are most expression correlative and most consistent with ***,knowledge-guided analysis seems much more applicable than GO-Cluster in a largerdataset.

关键词： clustering expression pattern biological function

Reaction of Polymeric Quaternary Ammonium Cardoxylate with 2-Bromo Cardoxylic Acid: Synthesis by Coupling of Steroid to Spacer Group of Polyglutamic Acid Derivatives

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生物医学工程学杂志 1991年第2期 91-98页

作者： Deng Xian--mo James M. Anderson (Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemitry. Academia Sinica, Chengdu, PR China department of Macromolecular Science, case western reserve univer.ity, cleveland, Ohio 44106, U. S. A.

Poly (tetrabutylammonium glutamate) was prepared by the reaction of poly-glutamic acid with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide. The reaction of poly (tetrabutyl-ammouium glutamate) with 2-bromoalkyl acid was carried out at room *** (alkylacid-glutamate) was charactererized by means of IR and elementaryanalysis, and then reacted with cortisol-21-acetate-3-oxime, in which the couplingreaction was successful when used DCC as the catalyst.

关键词： Poly Synthesis by Coupling of Steroid to Spacer Group of Polyglutamic Acid Derivatives Reaction of Polymeric Quaternary Ammonium Cardoxylate with 2-Bromo Cardoxylic Acid

Optimizing resistance of round hollow wire at high frequency

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微纳电子技术 2003年第Z1期 415-418页

作者： FENG Yong jian 1,ZHANG Tao 2 (1. Micro Electronic Mechanical Center, Xiamen univer.ity, Xiamen 361005,China 2. department of Electrical Engineering Computer Science, case western reserve univer.ity,cleveland,OH 44106,usa)

The results and methods of calculation of resistance of hollow wire in gigahertz range by Bessel function are given. According to the results of computation, it is found that the resistor of conductor can be optimized using hollow wire with specific wall thickness. At high frequency the current distribution across a circular hollow wire is at surface of wire, which is called skin depth. We found that optimum wall thickness is proportional to skin depth and the phase abrupt change point of H field. Theoretical analysis and mechanism optimized round hollow wire will be presented in this paper. The calculation indicates that cylindrical hollow wire can be optimized to decrease resistance above 8%.

关键词： resistance hollow wire Bessel function skin depth

Overexpression of Bax sensitizes prostate cancer cells to TGF-β induced apoptosis

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Cell Research 2005年第3期15卷 160-166页

作者： David DANIELPOUR Ireland Cancer Center case western reserve univer.ity 10900 Euclid Avenue cleveland OH 44106 usa

NRP-154 is a tumorigenic epithelial cell line derived from the preneoplastic dorsal-lateral prostate of rats. These cells are exquisitely sensitive to TGF-β induced apoptosis. In contrast, we find that NRP-154 cells can sustain overexpression of exogenous Bax protein, which is different from non-tumor cells where Bax functions as a ubiquitous stimulator of apoptosis. NRP-154 cells stably overexpressing Bax show increased sensitivity to TGF-β induced apoptosis. The degree of TGF-β induced apoptosis displays high correlation with cleavage of Bax at the amino-terminus. Our data indicate that prostate cancer cells can host high levels of latent Bax which can be activated through post-translational modification.

关键词： NRP-154 cells prostate cancer Bax TGF-β apoptosis.

A Proteolytic NH2 -terminal Truncation of Cardiac Troponin I That Is Up-regulated in Simulated Microgravity

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A Proteolytic NH2 -terminal Truncation of Cardiac Troponin I...

Eleciroreduction of Oxygen on Pyrolytk Graphite Electrode with Adsorbed Layer of Cobalt *** Phthalocyaninc In Acetonitrile and Dimethylformamide

中国空间科学学会空间生命专业委员会2003年中国空间生命科学与航天医学会议

作者： Zhi-Bin Yu, Li-Fan Zhang, and Jian-Ping Jin department of Aerospace Physiology, The Fourth Military Medical univer.ity, Xi’an, China 710032. yuzhib@*** department of Physiology and Biophysics. case western reserve univer.ity School of Medicine, cleveland. Ohio 44106-4970. usa

In a tail suspension rat model, we investigated changes in myofilament proteinduring cardiac adaptation in simulated microgravity. Contractile force and velocity ofcardiac muscle were decreased in the tail suspension rats as compared with thecontrol. Ca-dependent actomyosin ATPase activity was also de-creased;however,sensitivity of cardiac muscle to Ca activation was unchanged. There was no changein expression of myosin heavy chain, tropomyosin, troponin T, or troponin I isoformsin hearts of tail suspension rats. A novel finding is a fragment of cardiac troponin I(cTnI) that had increased amounts in the heart of tail suspension rats. Binding of this

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Chemical Research in Chinese universities 1989年第2期5卷 164-170页

作者： Tryk D. Yeager E. case Center for Electrochemical Sciences and the department of Chemistry case western reserve univer.ity Clevdand Ohio 4410 U. S. A.Case Center for Electrochemical Sciences and the Department of Chemistry Case Western Reserve University Clevdand Ohio 4410 U. S. A.

The catjpdoc polarization characteristics indicate that the presence of a pre-adsorbed surface layer of CoTSPc innibits the reduction of O2 to O2- on an ordinary pyroiytic graphite electrode (OPG) in AN and DMF solution of 0. 1 mol/L, TEAP, The transfer coefficient a and the heterogeneous rate constant k for this reaction or, OPG with and without pre-adsorbed CoTSPc obtained by rotating disk electrode method were found to be fairly close to thar obtained by cyclic voltammetry. The a remains almost the same, bat the k de creases by a factor of 2-5 with CoTSPc as compared with OPG alone. The possible reason is that the adsorbed CoTSPc as an anion renders the effective potential diffaence less negative, which thus lowers the rase of O2 reduction.

关键词： Cathodic polarization Pyrolytic graphite electrode Heterogeneous rate

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Software structure evaluation based on the interaction and encapsulation of methods

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2012年第12期55卷 2816-2825页

作者： ZHENG QingHua 1,2,OU ZhiJiang 1,2,LIU Ting 1,YANG ZiJiang 3,HOU YuQiao 1,2 & ZHENG Chao 1,2 1 MOE Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security,Xi'an Jiaotong univer.ity,Xian 710049,China 2 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Satellite-terrestrial Network Technology R&D,Xi'an Jiaotong univer.ity,Xian 710049,China 3 department of Computer Science,western Michigan univer.ity,Michigan,usa 1. MOE Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security Xi’an Jiaotong University Xian 710049 China2. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Satellite-terrestrial Network Technology R&D Xi’an Jiaotong University Xian 710049 China3. Department of Computer Science Western Michigan University Michigan USA

Software structure is the most important factor affecting the quality of a *** evaluation of software structure is a foundational technique for software ***,the traditional evaluation criteria,such as "high cohesion and low coupling",are no longer appropriate for the new web applications,which are designed with a hierarchical framework.A novel approach is proposed in this paper to evaluate software quality based on the interaction and encapsulation of *** particular,two criteria for high quality software,the functional and hierarchical structure,are proposed to support widely used web *** cohesion and coupling and layer matching ratios between methods within a software package are calculated to determine whether the package is well implemented in terms of functional or hierarchical *** approach enables us to quantify the quality of a software system according to the structural types of its *** were carried out on 18 versions of Struts and six open-source software *** evaluation concurs with the intuition that minor upgrades,aimed at fixing bugs and adding minor functionality quickly,reduce software quality,whereas major upgrades,which normally clean up messy code and re-construct the software,improve software quality.

关键词： software structure evaluation method interaction method encapsulation functional structure hierarchical structure