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New insights into the vitamin D requirements during pregnancy

Bone Research 2017年第3期5卷 161-176页

作者： Bruce W Hollis Carol L wagner Department of Pediatrics Darby Children's Research Institute Medical University of South Carolina

Pregnancy represents a dynamic period with physical and physiological changes in both the mother and her developing fetus. The dramatic 2-3 fold increase in the active hormone 1,25（OH）2D concentrations during the early weeks of pregnancy despite minimal increased calcium demands during that time of gestation and which are sustained throughout pregnancy in both the mother and fetus suggests an immunomodulatory role in preventing fetal rejection by the mother. While there have been numerous observational studies that support the premise of vitamin D＇s role in maintaining maternal and fetal well-being, until recently, there have been few randomized clinical trials with vitamin D supplementation. One has to exhibit caution, however, even with RCTs, whose results can be problematic when analyzed on an intent-to-treat basis and when there is high non-adherence to protocol （as if often the case）, thereby diluting the potential good or harm of a given treatment at higher doses. As such, a biomarker of a drug or in this case ＂vitamin＂ or pre-prohormone is better served. For these reasons, the effect of vitamin D therapies using the biomarker circulating 25（OH）D is a far better indicator of true ＂effect.＂ When pregnancy outcomes are analyzed using the biomarker 25（OH）D instead of treatment dose, there are notable differences in maternal and fetal outcomes across diverse racial/ethnic groups, with improved health in those women who attain a circulating 25（OH）D concentration of at least 100 nmol. L-1 （40 ng. mL-1）. Because ,an important issue is the timing or initiation of vitamin D treatment/supplementation, and given the potential effect of vitamin D on placental gene expression and its effects on inflammation within the placenta, it appears crucial to start vitamin D treatment before placentation （and trophoblast invasion）; however, this question remains unanswered. Additional work is needed to decipher the vitamin D requirements of pregnant women and the optimal timing of s

关键词： New insights into the vitamin D requirements during pregnancy

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CHO cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity analyses of disinfection by-products： An updated review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2017年第8期29卷 64-76页

作者： Elizabeth D.wagner Michael J.Plewa Safe Global Water Institute University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1101 W Peabody Dr. Urbana IL 61801 United States Department of Crop Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1101 W Peabody Dr. Urbana IL 61801 United States

The disinfection of drinking water is an important public health service that generates high quality, safe and palatable tap water. The disinfection of drinking water to reduce waterborne disease was an outstanding public health achievement of the 20 th *** unintended consequence is the reaction of disinfectants with natural organic matter,anthropogenic contaminants and bromide/iodide to form disinfection by-products（DBPs）.A large number of DBPs are cytotoxic, neurotoxic, mutagenic, genotoxic, carcinogenic and teratogenic. Epidemiological studies demonstrated low but significant associations between disinfected drinking water and adverse health effects. The distribution of DBPs in disinfected waters has been well defined by advances in high precision analytical chemistry. Progress in the analytical biology and toxicology of DBPs has been *** objective of this review was to provide a detailed presentation of the methodology for the quantitative, comparative analyses on the induction of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of103 DBPs using an identical analytical biological platform and endpoints. A single Chinese hamster ovary cell line was employed in the assays. The data presented are derived from papers published in the literature as well as additional new data and represent the largest direct quantitative comparison on the toxic potency of both regulated and emerging *** data may form the foundation of novel research to define the major forcing agents of DBP-mediated toxicity in disinfected water and may play an important role in achieving the goal of making safe drinking water better.

关键词： DBPs Mammalian cell cytotoxicity Mammalian cell genotoxicity

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Visual Translations： Medicine, Art, China and the West

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2015年第2期8卷 193-234页

作者： Corinna wagner Department of English College of Humanities University of Exeter Queen's BuildingExeter EX4 4QH UK

In the history of medicine, relatively little attention has been paid to the way medical illustration circulated globally---or to the issues raised by the cultural ＂translation＂ of such images. My goal here is to flesh out some of the history of this circulation and translation by exploring the aesthetic and medical connections be- tween two specific anatomical collections, both housed at the Gordon Pathology Museum at Guy＇s Hospital, London. The Joseph Towne collection of anatomical waxes and the Lam Qua paintings of the patients of medical missionary Peter Parker were both produced in the nineteenth century. Significantly, the two collections were part of related but culturally specific shifts in the way bodies （and diseased bodies） were viewed, represented, understood and treated. I explore some of the convergences and divergences between Western and Chinese medical and artistic priorities and will address some of the issues raised by them. These two collections are important, I argue, because they demonstrate how aesthetic considerations shape medical knowledge and wider attitudes about the human body.

关键词： History of medicine Chinese medicine Art Aesthetics Anatomy Visuality Pathology Medical illustration Medical humanities Body studies

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Advanced gastric cancer:Current treatment landscape and future perspectives

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第8期22卷 2403-2414页

作者： Antonia Digklia Anna Dorothea wagner Departement d’Oncologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois

Gastric cancer currently ranks fourth in cancer-related mortality worldwide. In the western world, it is most often diagnosed at an advanced stage, after becoming metastatic at distant sites. Patients with advanced disease(locally advanced or metastatic) have a somber prognosis, with a median overall survival of 10-12 mo, and palliative chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment. In recent years, novel approaches using inhibition of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2) have demonstrated significant improvements in progression-free and overall survival, compared with chemotherapy alone, in first-line treatment of patients with overexpression of HER2. In addition, both second-line chemotherapy and treatment with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-inhibitor ramucirumab demonstrated significant benefits in terms of overall survival, compared with best supportive care, in randomized studies. Moreover, ramucirumab in combination with chemotherapy demonstrated further significant benefits in terms of progression-free and overall survival, compared with chemotherapy alone, in second-line treatment for patients with metastatic gastric cancer. A recently published molecular classification of gastric cancer is expected to improve patient stratification and selection for clinical trials and provide a roadmap for future drug development. Nevertheless, despite these developments the prognosis of patients with advanced gastric cancer remains poor. In this review we discuss current standards of care and outline major topics of drug development in gastric cancer.

关键词： Gastric cancer Phase III Clinical trials Chemotherapy Targeted therapy Perspectives

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Barring the gates to the battleground:DDR1 promotesimmune exclusion in solid tumors

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第2期7卷 339-340页

作者： Dimitrios L.wagner Enrico Klotzsch Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies(BeCAT)and BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies(BCRT) Charité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinAugustenburger Platz 113353BerlinGermany Institute for Biology Experimental Biophysics/MechanobiologyHumboldt University of BerlinBerlinGermany Laboratory of Applied Mechanobiology Department for Health Sciences and TechnologyETH ZurichZurichSwitzerland

In a recent article in Nature,Sun et al.1 identify a novel mechanism of how solid tumors prevent immune cell infiltration into cancer tissue by ***,they develop and test a new monoclonal antibody that may be used as a... 详细信息

关键词： tumors immune

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A review on design and testing methodologies of modern freight train draft gear system

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第2期29卷 127-151页

作者： Simon wagner Colin Cole Maksym Spiryagin Centre for Railway Engineering Central Queensland UniversityRockhamptonAustralia

Rolling stock connection systems are key to running longer and heavier trains as they provide both the connections of vehicles and the damping,providing the longitudinal suspension of the *** paper focuses on the evolution of both connection and stiffness damping *** is on freight rolling stock,but passenger draw gears are also *** was found that connection systems have evolved from the buff and chain system used in the pioneer railways of the 1800s to the modern auto-coupler connection systems that are in-service worldwide *** versions of the buff and chain coupling are,however,still in use in the EU,UK,South America and India.A wide range of auto-coupler systems are currently utilised,but the AAR coupler(Janney coupler)remains the most popular.A further variation that persists is the SA3 coupler(improved Wilson coupler)which is an alternative auto-coupler design used mainly throughout the former Soviet *** the review to auto-coupler systems allowed the paper to focus on draft gears which revealed polymer,polymer-friction,steel spring-friction,hydraulic draft gears and sliding sill cushioning *** with the single compressive draft gear units balanced and floating plate configurations are also *** draft gear acceptance standards are presented along with modelling that was included to aid in presentation of the functional characteristics of draft gears.

关键词： Railway Draft gear Coupler Rollingstock Freight train

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Succinite, Baltic Amber:A Chemical Masterpiece of Nature

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宝石和宝石学杂志（中英文） 2023年第4期25卷 69-87页

作者： Ewa wagner-Wysiecka Department of Chemistry and Technology of Functional Materials Faculty of ChemistryGdańsk University of TechnologyNarutowicza Street 11/1280-233 GdańskPoland Advanced Materials Center Faculty of ChemistryGdańsk University of TechnologyNarutowicza Street 11/1280-233 GdańskPoland International Amber Association Warzywnicza Street 180-838 GdańskPoland

Succinite,Baltic amber,is one of the most appreciated fossil *** beauty has fascinated people since prehistoric *** is a substance,and also gemstone,whose uniqueness is due to its compelling,though still not fully understood,physicochemical *** this article,some facts about the physical and chemical properties of succinite in order to find an answer for questions about the unique properties of this resin,such as color,transparency,texture etc.,are *** properties are among the factors that determine the choice of Baltic amber as a *** known properties of succinite,but also some less obvious features,have been linked to the organic and inorganic chemical composition and structural factors,including the sophisticated supramolecular structure masterfully created by *** of the properties of succinite used as a jewelry stone are discussed as a reflection of changes in its physicochemical *** this light,some methods that can be used to identify succinite(i.e.,infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy)and their relevance to the classification of fossil resins are briefly *** article highlights an important point:only by understanding the chemical and physical nature of the material we able to identify,modify and effectively use the goods that have been given to us by mother nature.

关键词： Baltic amber succinite chemical composition property

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Spatial variance and assessment of nitrogen dioxide pollution in major cities of Pakistan along N5-Highway

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期28卷 4-14页

作者： Yasir Shabbir Muhammad Fahim Khokhar Reza Shaiganfar Thomas wagner Institute of Environmental Sciences and Engineering (IESE) National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST)Islamabad Pakistan Satellite Remote Sensing Group Max-Planck-Institute for Chemistry

This paper discusses the findings of the first car MAX-DOAS（multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy） field campaign（300 km long） along the National Highway-05（N5-Highway） of Pakistan conducted on 13 and 14 November, 2012. The main objective of the field campaign was to assess the spatial distribution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide（NO_2）columns and corresponding concentrations along the N5-Highway from Islamabad to *** identification of NO_2 revealed that the concentrations were higher within major cities along the highway. The highest NO_2 vertical column densities（NO_2VCDs） were found around two major cities of Rawalpindi and Lahore. This study also presents a comparison of NO_2 VCDs measured by the ozone monitoring instrument（OMI） and car MAX-DOAS observations. The comparison revealed similar spatial distribution of the NO_2 columns with both car MAX-DOAS and satellite observations, but the car MAX-DOAS observations show much more spatial details. Maximum NO_2 VCD retrieved from car MAX-DOAS observations was up to an order of magnitude larger than the OMI observations in urban areas.

关键词： Car MAX-DOAS Satellite remote sensing Nitrogen dioxide N5-Highway Pakistan National Environmental Quality Standards

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Influence of organic and inorganic properties of coal-shale on spontaneous combustion liability

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第6期29卷 851-857页

作者： M.Onifade B.Genc N.wagner The School of Mining Engineering University of the WitwatersrandJohannesburg 2050South Africa Department of Geology University of JohannesburgJohannesburg 2092South Africa

Coal and coal-shale undergo low-temperature oxidation when exposed to air,potentially leading to spontaneous ***-shale found in association with coal seams vary considerably in their intrinsic properties and spontaneous combustion liability *** coal-shale samples collected from four different coal mines in Witbank Coalfield,South Africa,were experimentally *** influence of coal-shale intrinsic properties and spontaneous combustion liability indices(determined by the WitsEhac Index and the Wits-CT Index)were *** liability indices indicate relationships with the intrinsic factors and thus,identifying the major intrinsic factors affecting liability toward spontaneous combustion in these coal-shale *** XRF analysis indicated that the coal-shale samples are rich in Si O2,Al2O3 and Fe2O3,while the XRD showed that same coal-shale samples are generally dominated with kaolinite and *** coal-shale occurred in association with medium Rank C bituminous coal and contained varying proportion of *** Wits-Ehac Index was unable to reliably determine liability indices of some coal-shale samples,and hence the Wits-CT Index was *** results obtained from the characterisation tests may be used as a tool to predict the spontaneous combustion liability in carbonaceous material and may serve as a reference when comparing coal-shale from different coal mines.

关键词： Wits-Ehac Index Wits-CT Inde Witbank Coalfield and self-heating

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Functional neuroanatomy in panic disorder:Status quo of the research

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第1期7卷 12-33页

作者： Thomas Sobanski Gerd wagner Department of Psychiatry Psychotherapyand Psychosomatic MedicineThueringen-Kliniken GmbH Psychiatric Brain and Body Research Group Jena Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyJena University Hospital

AIM To provide an overview of the current research in the functional neuroanatomy of panic *** Panic disorder(PD) is a frequent psychiatric disease. Gorman et al(1989; 2000) proposed a comprehensive neuroanatomical model of PD, which suggested that fear-and anxiety-related responses are mediated by a so-called "fear network" which is centered in the amygdala and includes the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray region, locus coeruleus and other brainstem sites. We performed a systematic search by the electronic database PubMed. Thereby, the main focus was laid on recent neurofunctional, neurostructural, and neurochemical studies(from the period between January 2012 and April 2016). Within this frame, special attention was given to the emerging field of imaging genetics. RESULTS We noted that many neuroimaging studies have reinforced the role of the "fear network" regions in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. However, recent functional studies suggest abnormal activation mainly in an extended fear network comprising brainstem, anterior and midcingulate cortex(ACC and MCC), insula, and lateral as well as medial parts of the prefrontal cortex. Interestingly, differences in the amygdala activation were not as consistently reported as one would predict from the hypothesis of Gorman et al(2000). Indeed, amygdala hyperactivation seems to strongly depend on stimuli and experimental paradigms, sample heterogeneity and size, as well as on limitations of neuroimaging techniques. Advanced neurochemical studies have substantiated the major role of serotonergic, noradrenergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission in the pathophysiology of PD. However, alterations of GABAergic function in PD are still a matter of debate and also their specificity remains questionable. A promising new research approach is "imaging genetics". Imaging genetic studies are designed to evaluate the impact of genetic variations(polymorphisms) on cerebral function in reg

关键词： Panic disorder Anterior cingulate cortex Amygdala Insula Functional magnetic resonance imaging Diffusion tensor imaging Voxel-based morphometry Imaging genetics Serotonin Noradrenaline

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