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Efficient continuous synthesis of 2-hydroxycarbazole and 4-hydroxycarbazole in a millimeter scale photoreactor

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第4期35卷 399-403页

作者： Zhixiang Li Zhirong Yang Chang Yao Bin wu gang Qian Xuezhi Duan Xinggui Zhou Jing Zhang State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Chemical Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

2-Hydroxycarbazole and 4-hydroxycarbazole are important chemicals with extensive applications in optoelectronic materials and pharmaceutical *** of the art yield of 2-hydroxycarbazole is~30%and the reaction time is typically in hours or ***,we developed a green route for the continuous and high-throughput synthesis of 2-hydroxycarbazole and 4-hydroxycarbazole via photochemical intramolecular cyclization of 3–hydroxy-2–chloro-diphenylamine using a self-designed millimeter scale photoreactor,which was designed based on sizing-up and numbering-up strategies for a decent liquid holdup(6.8 m L)and fabricated via femtosecond laser engraving *** photochemical synthesis was carried out continuously under the illumination of 365 nm UV-LED with dimethyl sulfoxide as solvent and potassium t-butoxide as *** was found that under optimized conditions a 2-hydroxycarbazole yield of 31.6%and a 4-hydroxycarbazole yield of 11.1%were obtained with a residence time of 1 *** to semibatch operations,the reaction time was shortened by 1–2 orders of *** a result,a throughput of 11.3 g/day 2-hydroxycarbazole and 4.0 g/day 4-hydroxycarbazole can be achieved from the *** was proposed that the short reaction time and high product yield are resulted from higher photon transfer rates and more uniform photon distribution provided by the millimeter scale photoreactor,which enhances the reaction rates and mitigates overreaction.

关键词： Millimeter scale reactor 2-Hydroxycarbazole Photochemistry UV-LED Process intensification

Impact of open hepatectomy on postoperative bile leakage in patients with biliary tract cancer

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第1期16卷 67-75页

作者： gang wu Wen-Ying Li Yu-Xing Gong Feng Lin Chen Sun General Surgery Department The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical UniversityHarbin 150000Heilongjiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Bile leakage is a common and serious complication of open hepatectomy for the treatment of biliary tract *** To evaluate the incidence,risk factors,and management of bile leakage after open hepatectomy in patients with biliary tract *** We retrospectively analyzed 120 patients who underwent open hepatectomy for biliary tract cancer from February 2018 to February *** leak was defined as bile drainage from the surgical site or drain or the presence of a biloma on *** incidence,severity,timing,location,and treatment of the bile leaks were *** risk factors for bile leakage were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression *** The incidence of bile leak was 16.7%(20/120),and most cases were grade A(75%,15/20)according to the International Study Group of Liver Surgery *** median time of onset was 5 d(range,1-14 d),and the median duration was 7 d(range,2-28 d).The most common location of bile leakage was the cut surface of the liver(70%,14/20),followed by the anastomosis site(25%,5/20)and the cystic duct stump(5%,1/20).Most bile leaks were treated conservatively with drainage,antibiotics,and nutritional support(85%,17/20),whereas some required endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with stenting(10%,2/20)or percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography with drainage(5%,1/20).Risk factors for bile leakage include male sex,hepatocellular carcinoma,major hepatectomy,blood loss,and blood *** Bile leakage is a frequent complication of open hepatectomy for biliary tract ***,most cases are mild and can be conservatively *** sex,hepatocellular carcinoma,major hepatectomy,blood loss,and blood transfusion were associated with an increased risk of bile leak.

关键词： Open hepatectomy Bile leak Biliary tract cancer Risk factors Management Complication

Early colorectal cancer screening–no time to lose

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第23期30卷 2959-2963页

作者： Ying Wang Zheng-Long wu Yi-gang Wang Hui Wang Xiao-Yuan Jia College of Life Sciences and Medicine Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Oncology Zhejiang Xiaoshan HospitalHangzhou 310018Zhejiang ProvinceChina

In this editorial,we comment on the article entitled“Stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer through diagnostic route:Who should be screened?”by Agatsuma et *** cancer(CRC)is emerging as an important health issue as its incidence continues to rise globally,adversely affecting the quality of *** the public has become more aware of CRC prevention,most patients lack screening *** poor lifestyle practices can lead to CRC and symptoms can appear in the early stages of ***,due to the lack of awareness of the disease,most of the CRC patients are diagnosed already at an advanced stage and have a poor prognosis.

关键词： Colorectal cancer The immunochemical fecal occult blood test Diagnostic route Cancer screening Stage at diagnosis

Review of Sc microalloying effects in Al-Cu alloys

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第5期31卷 1098-1114页

作者： Shenghua wu Chong Yang Peng Zhang Hang Xue Yihan Gao Yuqing Wang Ruihong Wang Jinyu Zhang gang Liu Jun Sun State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of TechnologyXi’an 710048China School of Aerospace Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China

Artificially controlling the solid-state precipitation in aluminum (Al) alloys is an efficient way to achieve well-performed properties,and the microalloying strategy is the most frequently adopted method for such a *** this paper,recent advances in lengthscale-dependent scandium (Sc) microalloying effects in Al-Cu model alloys are *** coarse-grained Al-Cu alloys,the Sc-aided Cu/Sc/vacancies complexes that act as heterogeneous nuclei and Sc segregation at the θ′-Al_(2)Cu/matrix interface that reduces interfacial energy contribute significantly to θ′*** grain size refinement to the fine/ultrafine-grained scale,the strongly bonded Cu/Sc/vacancies complexes inhibit Cu and vacancy diffusing toward grain boundaries,promoting the desired intragranular θ′*** nanocrystalline scale,the applied high strain producing high-density vacancies results in the formation of a large quantity of (Cu Sc,vacancy)-rich atomic complexes with high thermal stability,outstandingly improving the strength/ductility synergy and preventing the intractable low-temperature *** review recommends the use of microalloying technology to modify the precipitation behaviors toward better combined mechanical properties and thermal stability in Al alloys.

关键词： aluminum alloy microalloying effect length-scale dependence precipitation mechanical properties

Geochemical identification of a source rock affected by migrated hydrocarbons and its geological significance:Fengcheng Formation,southern Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin,NW China

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 100-114页

作者： Wen-Long Dang gang Gao Xin-Cai You Ke-Ting Fan Jun wu De-Wen Lei Wen-Jun He Yong Tang State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resource and Prospecting China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China School of GeoSciences China University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing102249China Exploration&Development Institute Xinjiang Oil Field CompanyKaramay834000XinjiangChina

The Fengcheng Formation is a crucial source rock and the primary reservoir for oil accumulation in the Mahu *** oils are distributed throughout the Fengcheng Formation,ranging from the edge to the interior of the sag in the southern Mahu *** crude oils originate from in-situ source rocks in shallowly buried areas and the inner deep *** migration,the crude oil from the inner deep sag affects the source rocks close to carrier beds,leading to changes in the organic geochemical characteristics of the source *** changes might alter source rock evaluations and oil-source *** on data such as total organic carbon(TOC),Rock-Eval pyrolysis of source rocks,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)of the saturated fraction,and considering the geological characteristics of the study area,we define the identification characteristics of source rock affected by migrated hydrocarbons and establish the various patterns of influence that migrated hydrocarbons have on the source rock of the Fengcheng Formation in the southern Mahu *** source rocks of the Fengcheng Formation are mostly fair to good,containing mainly Type II organic matter and being thermally mature enough to generate *** rocks affected by migrated hydrocarbons exhibit relatively high hydrocarbon contents(S1/TOC>110 mg HC/g TOC,Extract/TOC>30%,HC:hydrocarbon),relatively low Rock-Eval Tmax values,and relatively high tricyclic terpane contents with a descending and mountain-shaped ***,biomarker composition parameters indicate a higher thermal maturity than in-situ source *** a comparison of the extract biomarker fingerprints of adjacent reservoirs and mudstones in different boreholes,three types of influence patterns of migrated hydrocarbons are identified:the edge-influence of thin sandstone-thick mudstone,the mixed-influence of sandstone-mudstone interbedded,and the full-influence of thick sandstone-thin *** finding reminds

关键词： Organic geochemistry Source rock Influence of migrated hydrocarbons Fengcheng Formation Southern Mahu Sag

Introduction of rare-earth element Sc in alloy design to modify wear features of dual-phase high-entropy alloy

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Rare Metals 2024年第2期43卷 817-828页

作者： Hao Ren Rui-Run Chen Xue-Feng Gao Tong Liu gang Qin Yu-Lung Chiu Shi-Ping wu Jing-Jie Guo Guo National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China School of Metallurgy and Materials University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK

Tailoring the alloy composition,which induces the hard secondary phase to increase hardness and strength to improve the wear features,is a feasible approach for developing wear-resistant metal ***,a group of(AlCoCrFeNi)_(100–x)Sc_(x)(x=0–2.0,at%)high-entropy alloys(HEAs)are designed and the phase compositions and wear behaviors are ***-doped HEA series contain the primary body-centered cubic(BCC)and eutectic phases,in which the eutectic phase is composed of the alternately grown BCC and Laves *** addition promotes the diffusion of Ni atoms from BCC phase to form the Sc-rich Laves phase at the grain *** hardness increases due to solid solution strengthening and second phase *** the second phase strengthening plays a more significant role relative to solid solution *** phase and the oxides caused by wear heating prevent the direct contact between friction pair and HEAs,thus inducing a decreased wear rate from 6.82×10^(−5) to 3.47×10^(−5)m^(3)·N^(−1)·m^(−1).Moreover,the wear mechanism changes from adhesive wear,abrasive wear and oxidative wear to abrasive wear and oxidative wear.

关键词： High entropy alloy(HEA) Laves phase Hardness Wear mechanism

In Situ Deposition of Drug and Gene Nanoparticles on a Patterned Supramolecular Hydrogel to Construct a Directionally Osteochondral Plug

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第1期16卷 341-359页

作者： Jiawei Kang Yaping Li Yating Qin Zhongming Huang Yifan wu Long Sun Cong Wang Wei Wang gang Feng Yiying Qi Department of Orthopaedic Surgery The Second Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou City 310009Zhejiang ProvincePeople’s Republic of China College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Hangzhou 311215ZhejiangPeople’s Republic of China The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital Orthopedic Research CentreHengyang Medical SchoolUniversity of South ChinaHengyang 421001HunanPeople’s Republic of China Department of Radiology Jining No.1 People’s HospitalJining Medical UniversityJining 272000ShandongPeople’s Republic of China

The integrated repair of bone and cartilage boasts advantages for osteochondral restoration such as a long-term repair effect and less deterioration compared to repairing cartilage *** multifactorial,spatially oriented scaffolds to stimulate osteochondral regeneration,has immense ***,targeted drugs,namely kartogenin@polydopamine(KGN@PDA)nanoparticles for cartilage repair and miRNA@calcium phosphate(miRNA@CaP)NPs for bone regeneration,were in situ deposited on a patterned supramolecular-assembled 2-ureido-4[lH]-pyrimidinone(UPy)modified gelation hydrogel film,facilitated by the dynamic and responsive coordination and complexation of metal ions and their *** hydrogel film can be rolled into a cylindrical plug,mimicking the Haversian canal structure of natural *** resultant hydrogel demonstrates stable mechanical properties,a self-healing ability,a high capability for reactive oxygen species capture,and controlled release of KGN and *** vitro,KGN@PDA and miRNA@CaP promote chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells via the JNK/RUNX1 and GSK-3β/β-catenin pathways,*** vivo,the osteochondral plug exhibits optimal subchondral bone and cartilage regeneration,evidenced by a significant increase in glycosaminoglycan and collagen accumulation in specific zones,along with the successful integration of neocartilage with subchondral *** biomaterial delivery approach represents a significant toward improved osteochondral repair.

关键词： Osteochondral regeneration Oriented hydrogel Kartogenin miRNA-26a

A Hf-doped dual-phase high-entropy alloy: phase evolution and wear features

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 324-333页

作者： Hao Ren Rui-Run Chen Xue-Feng Gao Tong Liu gang Qin Yu-Lung Chiu Shi-Ping wu Jing-Jie Guo National Key Laboratory for Precision Hot Processing of Metals School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China School of Metallurgy and Materials University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Initially defined high entropy alloys(HEAs)usually exhibit a single-phase solid-solution ***,two and/or more types of phases in HE As possibly induce the desired microstructure features,which contribute to improving the wear properties of HE ***,we prepare a series of(AlCoCrFeNi)_(100-x)Hf_(x)(x=0,2,4and 6;at%) HEAs and concern their phase compositions,micro structures and wear *** leads to the formation of(Ni,Co)_(2)Hf-type Laves phase and tailors the microstructure from a body-centered cubic(BCC) singlephase structure to a hypoeutectic *** increased hardness from~HV 512.3 to~HV 734.1 is due to solid-solution strengthening,grain refinement strengthening and precipitated phase *** a few oxides(Al_(2)O_(3)+Cr_(2)O_(3)) caused by the wear heating contribute to an 85.5% decrease in wear rate of the HEA system from6.71×10^(-5) to 0.97×10^(-5) m^(3)·N^(-1)·m^(-1).In addition,Hf addition changes the wear mechanism from abrasive wear,mild oxidative wear and adhesive wear to oxidative wear and adhesive wear.

关键词： High entropy alloy Laves phase Hardness Wear mechanism

Development and Characterization of Novel FAP-Targeted Theranostic Pairs: A Bench-to-Bedside Study

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Research 2024年第3期2023卷 473-485页

作者： Wei Huang Yizhen Pang Qiufang Liu Chenyi Liang Shuxian An Qianyun wu You Zhang gang Huang Haojun Chen Jianjun Liu Weijun Wei Department of Nuclear Medicine Institute of Clinical Nuclear MedicineRenj HospitalSchool of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200127China Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center Xiamen Cancer CenterXiamen Key Laboratory of Radiation OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen UniversitySchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361003China Department of Nuclear Medicine Fudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is among the most popular targets in nuclear medicine imaging and cancer theranostics. Several small-molecule moieties (FAPI-04, FAPI-46, etc.) are used for developing FAP-targeted theranostic agents. Nonetheless, the circulation time of FAP inhibitors is relatively short, resulting in rapid clearance via kidneys, low tumor uptake, and associated unsatisfactory treatment efficacy. To address the existing drawbacks, we engineered 3 peptides named FD1, FD2, and FD3 with different circulation times through solid-phase peptide synthesis. All the 3 reported peptides bind to human and murine FAP with single-digit nanomolar affinity measured by surface plasmon resonance. The diagnostic and therapeutic potential of the agents labeled with 68Ga and 177Lu was assessed in several tumor models exhibiting different levels of FAP expression. While radiolabeled FD1 was rapidly excreted from kidneys, radiolabeled FD2/FD3 have significantly prolonged circulation, increased tumor uptake, and decreased kidney accumulation. Our findings indicated that [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FD1 positron emission tomography (PET) effectively detected FAP dynamics, whereas [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FD2 and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FD3 exhibited remarkable therapeutic efficacy in FAP-overexpressing tumor models, including pancreatic cancer cell models characterized by abundant stroma. Moreover, a pilot translational investigation demonstrated that [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FD1 had the capability to identify both primary and metastatic tumors with precision and distinction. In summary, we developed [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-FD1 for same-day PET imaging of FAP dynamics and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FD2 and [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-FD3 for effective radioligand therapy of FAP-overexpressing tumors.

关键词： DOTA expressing labeled