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经皮克氏针横行固定与微型钢板置入治疗第五掌骨干骨折的比较

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中国组织工程研究 2024年第30期28卷 4842-4847页

作者：张政张岱捷李朋滨州医学院附属医院手显微外科山东省滨州市256600 滨州医学院附属医院创伤骨科山东省滨州市256600

背景:第五掌骨干骨折在临床上常见,手术治疗多采用切开复位钢板固定,但术后大多数患者要求取出内固定物,需二次住院治疗。经皮克氏针横行固定具有创伤小、切口小、不需再次住院手术取出等优点,但对第五掌骨干骨折的应用效果不明确。目的... 详细信息

背景:第五掌骨干骨折在临床上常见,手术治疗多采用切开复位钢板固定,但术后大多数患者要求取出内固定物,需二次住院治疗。经皮克氏针横行固定具有创伤小、切口小、不需再次住院手术取出等优点,但对第五掌骨干骨折的应用效果不明确。目的:对比分析经皮克氏针横行固定与微型钢板置入治疗第五掌骨干骨折的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析滨州医学院附属医院在2018年5月至2020年5月收治的第五掌骨干骨折并行手术治疗患者60例,根据治疗方式分为2组,钢板组30例采用切开复位微型钢板内固定置入治疗,克氏针组30例采用闭合复位经皮克氏针横行固定(其中5例小切口切开辅助)治疗。比较两组患者的住院时间、手术时间、切口愈合等级、手术切口长度、术中出血量、术中透视次数及术后并发症的发生情况,记录两组患者骨折愈合时间、握力、第五掌指关节活动度等,采用中华医学会手外科学会手指关节总活动度法评估患者的手指功能。结果与结论:①两组患者均获得随访,随访时间13-18个月;两组患者住院时间、手术时间、切口愈合等级相比差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);②克氏针组术中出血量、手术切口长度均小于钢板组(P0.05);③末次随访时,依据手指关节总活动度法评估疗效,克氏针组优良率为87%,钢板组优良率为90%,两组比较差异无显著性意义;两组末次随访的第五掌指关节活动度、握力比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05);④克氏针组术后有1例发生钉道感染,周围略有红肿,给予碘伏加强换药后感染得到控制;1例出现针尾刺激皮肤症状,拔除克氏针后症状消失;钢板组有12例因个人原因于术后12个月以后住院行钢板取出术,克氏针组全都在门诊取出;钢板组出现3例第五掌骨远端背侧及小指指背侧皮肤感觉麻木,术后口服甲钴胺,症状逐渐消失;两组均未出现骨不愈合及内固定取出再骨折等情况;⑤结果表明,这两种术式治疗第五掌骨干骨折均获得良好疗效,手指功能恢复佳,但经皮克氏针横行固定具有创伤小、切口小、费用低、内固定取出方便等优点。

关键词：微型钢板克氏针横行固定第五掌骨干骨折掌骨骨折内固定

水网布局下黄河流域应对极端枯水的关键科学问题

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水科学进展 2024年第1期35卷 11-23页

作者：王煜彭少明郑小康尚文绣水利部黄河水利委员会河南郑州450003 水利部水利水电规划设计总院北京100120 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司河南郑州450003 水利部黄河流域水治理与水安全重点实验室(筹) 河南郑州450003

变化环境下极端气象水文事件频发,长江、黄河面临同枯风险。在国家水网建设背景下,为提高长江、黄河同枯的极端不利情景下黄河流域水资源安全保障能力,本文分析了长江、黄河两大流域水资源安全面临的现实问题,识别了变化环境下大型流域... 详细信息

变化环境下极端气象水文事件频发,长江、黄河面临同枯风险。在国家水网建设背景下,为提高长江、黄河同枯的极端不利情景下黄河流域水资源安全保障能力,本文分析了长江、黄河两大流域水资源安全面临的现实问题,识别了变化环境下大型流域枯水遭遇—水危机形成—跨流域调水潜力—多线路成网互济—极端枯水下水资源安全保障中亟需破解的关键科学问题,构建了水网布局下黄河流域应对极端枯水的总体研究框架,提出该领域重点研究方向包括:变化环境下长江、黄河极端枯水遭遇规律与空间变异机制,水危机风险多链路传导与复合影响定量评估,极端枯水下跨流域调水挖潜增供,长江和黄河跨流域联合调配与多线路互济精细化调控、极端枯水下流域水资源韧性提升优化调控等。

关键词：极端枯水枯水遭遇水危机跨流域水资源调配水资源系统韧性南水北调黄河长江

考虑P波预警参数的震源破裂特征实时持续估测方法

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地球科学 2024年第2期49卷 391-402页

作者：彭朝勇程振鹏郑钰徐志强中国地震局地球物理研究所北京100081 中国地震局震源物理重点实验室北京100081

在地震预警系统中引入震源破裂特征实时持续估测方法,可有效克服传统基于点源模型估测目标预警烈度和潜在破坏区的不足.现有方法的实时性通常只能达到分钟级,无法满足地震预警系统的高时效性要求.基于地震台站实时观测数据,通过引入地... 详细信息

在地震预警系统中引入震源破裂特征实时持续估测方法,可有效克服传统基于点源模型估测目标预警烈度和潜在破坏区的不足.现有方法的实时性通常只能达到分钟级,无法满足地震预警系统的高时效性要求.基于地震台站实时观测数据,通过引入地震预警P波特征参数,开展有限破裂模板匹配技术研究,形成了一套时效性更强的震源破裂特征实时估测方法.测试结果表明:利用本方法在震后同一时刻得到的结果相对于有限破裂探测器(FinDer)算法结果在速度上要快3 s左右,个别震例结果要快5 s;破裂初期,由于受到地震辐射多样性、场地、传播路径等因素的影响,走向θ会存在较大的波动.随着破裂的延展,θ逐渐收敛至参考值;对于M7.0级以下地震,震后6~10 s即可获得较稳定的破裂特征参数结果,而对于M7.0+地震,则需要更长的时间,尤其是类似于汶川8.0级这种特大地震,其结果在台网较为稀疏的情况下需到震后40 s才能逐渐稳定.

关键词：震源破裂特征 P波预警参数有限模板匹配实时波形数据天然地震

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地方政府政策“抓手”的生成逻辑与运行机制

南京大学学报（哲学．人文科学．社会科学） 2024年第4期61卷 36-48,155页

作者：王敬尧郑鹏四川大学公共管理学院、四川大学中国县域发展研究中心四川省成都市610065

政策“抓手”能够形成以“点”带“面”的政策执行效应,是地方政府推动公共政策有效执行的重要行动策略。政策“抓手”表征为目标型、工具型与机制型三种实践类型,其生成分别蕴含着地方政府注意力分配、适配度提升与效能化建设多重逻辑... 详细信息

政策“抓手”能够形成以“点”带“面”的政策执行效应,是地方政府推动公共政策有效执行的重要行动策略。政策“抓手”表征为目标型、工具型与机制型三种实践类型,其生成分别蕴含着地方政府注意力分配、适配度提升与效能化建设多重逻辑。在纵向府际与条块互动中,政策“抓手”的运行既表现为地方政府通过组织传导与权威传导实现纵向条块下沉,也表现为地方政府借由需求程度与效能程度将其争取上升为国家政策,还表现为牵头部门凭借结构借势与过程借势将其转化为“块”的中心工作。虽然政策“抓手”能够以“小切口”解决政策执行中的“大问题”,但也面临领导权威依赖与中心工作扩大等多元困境,还需理顺“抓手”与非“抓手”工作、多元“抓手”内部关系,推动政策执行效能提升。

关键词：政策“抓手” 政策目标政策工具执行机制

Optimization of Extraction Process,Analysis of Polysaccharides from Morchella septimelata

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Agricultural Biotechnology 2024年第4期13卷 40-45页

作者： Ruiling LYU Zhenxing XIE Qiwen TAO Liuyao WANG peng WU Shiming LI Jun YANG Yongliang zheng Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for the Characteristic Resources Exploitation of Dabie MountainHuanggang Normal UniversityHuanggang 438000China Department of Food Science Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 07102USA Huanggang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Huanggang 438000China

Morchella septimelata polysaccharide(MSP)possesses multiple biological *** this study,double enzyme method was used to extract polysaccharides from Morchella *** basis of single factor experiment and response surface design was used to optimize the extraction process of *** optimal extraction conditions of polysaccharide were as follows:extraction time 2 h,extraction temperature 40.5℃,solid-liquid ratio 1:15(w/v),and the amount of double enzyme(cellulase:β-glucanase,mass ratio 1:2)2.0%.Under these conditions,the extraction yield of polysaccharide reached(14.86±0.12)%.

关键词： Morchella septimelata Polysaccharides extraction Response surface design

参与电商能否促进设施蔬菜种植户绿色生产?——基于山东省五市十一县的微观调研

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中国人口·资源与环境 2024年第2期34卷 106-118页

作者：李全海朱鹏郑军山东农业大学经济管理学院山东泰安271018 山东管理学院山东济南250300

引导设施蔬菜种植户实现绿色转型是保障国家“菜篮子”安全的重中之重。然而,中国设施蔬菜生产分散,不易于政府和消费者监管,种植户违规使用化肥农药的现象屡禁不止,仅从生产端发力恐难以实现上述目标。为此,该研究从销售端着手,基于山... 详细信息

引导设施蔬菜种植户实现绿色转型是保障国家“菜篮子”安全的重中之重。然而,中国设施蔬菜生产分散,不易于政府和消费者监管,种植户违规使用化肥农药的现象屡禁不止,仅从生产端发力恐难以实现上述目标。为此,该研究从销售端着手,基于山东省五市十一县的微观调研数据,利用倾向得分匹配和中介模型,考察参与电商对设施蔬菜种植户绿色生产行为的影响。研究发现:①参与电商的设施蔬菜种植户采纳绿色生产行为的概率比非电商户高23.7%,利用工具变量法控制内生性后,该结论依然成立;从参与强度角度讲,高强度参与比低强度参与电商更能提高设施蔬菜种植户的绿色生产水平;从参与模式角度讲,平台电商对设施蔬菜种植户绿色生产行为的提升作用要强于社交电商。②异质性分析发现,作物类别、经营规模和风险偏好会导致影响效应分化,参与电商对根茎类、中等规模、风险偏好型设施蔬菜种植户绿色生产行为的影响效应尤为明显。③机制分析发现,价格预期激励、交易成本节约、信息获取便利、质量信誉评价是参与电商影响设施蔬菜种植户绿色生产行为的中介渠道,中介效应占比依次为20.48%、16.60%、8.28%、10.63%。据此提出:鼓励种植户通过电商渠道售卖设施蔬菜,引导其提高参与电商强度,增加参与模式的多样性;电商推广过程中,要综合考虑作物类别、经营规模、风险偏好等群体异质性特征,制定差异化策略;重点完善绿色设施蔬菜的价格激励机制和交易成本节约机制,拓宽种植户信息获取渠道,密切关注消费者质量评价反馈。

关键词：农村电商绿色生产设施蔬菜倾向得分匹配

High-fat diet impairs gut barrier through intestinal microbiota-derived reactive oxygen species

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 879-891页

作者： Nianyi Zeng Fan Wu Junqi Lu Xiang Li Shaomei Lin Lang Zhou Zhongwei Wang Guangyan Wu Qingfa Huang Daowen zheng Jie Gao Shan Wu Xiaojiao Chen Muxuan Chen Fanguo Meng Haitao Shang Yan He peng Chen Hong Wei Zhuang Li Hongwei Zhou Microbiome Medicine Center Department of Laboratory MedicineZhujiang HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510282China Department of Environmental Health Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ResearchSchool of Public Health and Tropical MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Redox Medical Center for Public Health Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215301China Precision Medicine Institute The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510080China Department of Pathophysiology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of ProteomicsSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China

Gut barrier disruption is a key event in bridging gut microbiota dysbiosis and high-fat diet(HFD)-associated metabolic ***,the underlying mechanism remains *** the present study,by comparing HFD-and normal diet(ND)-treated mice,we found that the HFD instantly altered the composition of the gut microbiota and subsequently damaged the integrity of the gut *** sequencing revealed that the HFD upregulates gut microbial functions related to redox reactions,as confirmed by the increased reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in fecal microbiota incubation in vitro and in the lumen,which were detected using in vivo fluorescence *** microbial ROS-producing capability induced by HFD can be transferred through fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)into germ-free(GF)mice,downregulating the gut barrier tight ***,mono-colonizing GF mice with an Enterococcus strain excelled in ROS production,damaged the gut barrier,induced mitochondrial malfunction and apoptosis of the intestinal epithelial cells,and exacerbated fatty liver,compared with other low-ROS-producing Enterococcus *** administration of recombinant high-stability-superoxide dismutase(SOD)significantly reduced intestinal ROS,protected the gut barrier,and improved fatty liver against the *** conclusion,our study suggests that extracellular ROS derived from gut microbiota play a pivotal role in HFD-induced gut barrier disruption and is a potential therapeutic target for HFD-associated metabolic diseases.

关键词： fatty liver disease gut microbiota gut barrier high-fat diet oxidative stress reactive oxygen species

PRaG 3.0 therapy for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma:A case report

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第9期30卷 1237-1249页

作者： Yue-Hong Kong Mei-Ling Xu Jun-Jun Zhang Guang-Qiang Chen Zhi-Hui Hong Hong Zhang Xiao-Xiao Dai Yi-Fu Ma Xiang-Rong Zhao Chen-Yang Zhang Rong-zheng Chen peng-Fei Xing Li-Yuan Zhang Center for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiotherapy&Oncology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Institution of Radiotherapy&Oncology Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Radiology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Nuclear Medicine The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Clinical Laboratory The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Pathology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215000Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly fatal disease with limited effective treatment especially after first-line *** human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER-2)immunohistochemistry(IHC)positive is associated with more aggressive clinical behavior and shorter overall survival in *** SUMMARY We present a case of multiple metastatic PDAC with IHC mismatch repair proficient but HER-2 IHC weakly positive at diagnosis that didn’t have tumor regression after first-line nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine and PD-1 inhibitor treatment.A novel combination therapy PRaG 3.0 of RC48(HER2-antibody-drug conjugate),radio-therapy,PD-1 inhibitor,granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-2 was then applied as second-line therapy and the patient had confirmed good partial response with progress-free-survival of 6.5 months and overall survival of 14.2 *** had not developed any grade 2 or above treatment-related adverse events at any *** of peripheral CD8^(+) Temra and CD4^(+) Temra were increased during first two activation cycles of PRaG 3.0 treatment containing radiotherapy but deceased to the baseline during the maintenance cycles containing no *** PRaG 3.0 might be a novel strategy for HER2-positive metastatic PDAC patients who failed from previous first-line approach and even PD-1 immunotherapy but needs more data in prospective trials.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma PRaG 3.0 therapy Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 Novel combination therapy Case report

Alzheimer’s disease early diagnostic and staging biomarkers revealed by large-scale cerebrospinal fluid and serum proteomic profiling

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 118-126页

作者： Qing-Qing Tao Xue Cai Yan-Yan Xue Weigang Ge Liang Yue Xiao-Yan Li Rong-Rong Lin Guo-Ping peng Wenhao Jiang Sainan Li Kun-Mu zheng Bin Jiang Jian-Ping Jia Tiannan Guo Zhi-Ying Wu Department of Neurology and Research Center of Neurology in the Second Affiliated Hospital and Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Liangzhu Laboratory Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311100China Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang ProvinceSchool of Life SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzho 310024China Department of Neurology First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310009China Department of Neurology First Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamen 361009China Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders and Department of Neurology Xuanwu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityNational Clinical Research Center for Geriatric DiseasesBeijing 100053China MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration School of Brain Science and Brain MedicineZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology Shanghai 200031China

Amyloid-b,tau pathology,and biomarkers of neurodegeneration make up the core diagnostic biomarkers of Alzheimer disease(AD).However,these proteins represent only a fraction of the complex biological processes underlying AD,and individuals with other brain diseases in which AD pathology is a comorbidity also test positive for these diagnostic *** ADspecific early diagnostic and disease staging biomarkers are *** this study,we performed tandem mass tag proteomic analysis of paired cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)and serum samples in a discovery cohort comprising 98 *** biomarkers were validated by parallel reaction monitoring–based targeted proteomic assays in an independent multicenter cohort comprising 288 *** quantified 3,238 CSF and 1,702 serum proteins in the discovery cohort,identifying 171 and 860 CSF proteins and 37 and 323 serum proteins as potential early diagnostic and staging biomarkers,*** the validation cohort,58 and 21 CSF proteins,as well as 12 and 18 serum proteins,were verified as early diagnostic and staging biomarkers,*** 19-protein CSF and an 8-protein serum biomarker panels were built by machine learning to accurately classify mild cognitive impairment(MCI)due to AD from normal cognition with areas under the curve of 0.984 and 0.881,*** 19-protein CSF biomarker panel also effectively discriminated patients with MCI due to AD from patients with other neurodegenerative ***,we identified 21 CSF and 18 serum stage-associated proteins re-flecting AD *** findings provide a foundation for developing bloodbased tests for AD screening and staging in clinical practice.

关键词： cerebrospinal Alzheimer fluid