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中国高校教师基本工资制度的现状、问题与对策——基于保障性功能与激励性功能的视角

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华东师范大学学报（教育科学版） 2024年第1期42卷 41-57页

作者：赵平胡咏梅北京师范大学教育学部北京100875

推进高校教师薪酬制度改革是加强高校教师队伍建设的重要手段,基本工资对于高校教师兼具保障性和长期激励性功能,基本工资制度理应成为理论探讨与实践改革的重要内容。文章综合使用相关政策文本、宏观行政数据以及部分高校教师工资大规... 详细信息

推进高校教师薪酬制度改革是加强高校教师队伍建设的重要手段,基本工资对于高校教师兼具保障性和长期激励性功能,基本工资制度理应成为理论探讨与实践改革的重要内容。文章综合使用相关政策文本、宏观行政数据以及部分高校教师工资大规模微观调查数据,在分析我国高校教师基本工资制度实施现状的基础上,阐明其存在基本工资管理集权化、基本工资水平与地方经济发展水平不尽一致、基本工资起薪点过低、基本工资占比普遍较低、工资等级设计与薪酬管理规律不符、工资调整未实现政策预期等问题,而且现行制度抑制了基本工资保障性与长期激励性功能的发挥。针对上述问题,结合薪酬管理理论,提出以下政策建议:中央人力资源和社会保障部门建立全国统一的高校教师基本工资制度,省级统筹制定适合本省高校教师的基本工资标准;适度提高高校教师基本工资的起薪点,增强对青年教师基本生活的保障性,提高经济发达省份高校教师基本工资的实际购买力;将部分或全部基础性绩效工资纳入基本工资范畴,平衡这部分基础性工资的院校、学科差异;提高各岗位等级基本工资的等级差异,调整基本工资的浮动范围,以增强对高校教师工作的中长期激励功能;基本工资标准调整应统筹基本工资占比与基本工资的等级差距,保障高校教师基本工资增长额度与基本工资占比处于合理水平。

关键词：高校教师基本工资制度保障性激励性

Deformation characteristics of granitic rocks in Erguna ductile shear zone,NE China

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Global Geology 2024年第2期27卷 63-75页

作者： NWABUEZE Ekene Chibuike LIANG Chenyue SONG Zhiwei zhao jiaqi ENEZE Florence Ego ZHENG Changqing College of Earth Sciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Evaluation in Northeast Asia Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangchun 130026China School of International Studies Jinan UniversityGuangzhuo 510632China

The Erguna ductile shear zone is situated in the Erguna Massif,which has been exposed along the eastern bank of the Erguna River in northeastern *** authors present comprehensive study results on the macro-and micro-structures,finite strain and kinematic vorticity,quartz electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)fabrics,and geochronology of granitic rocks in the Erguna ductile shear *** deformed granitic rocks have experienced significant SE-trending dextral strike-slip *** strain and kinematic vorticity in all deformed granitic rocks indicate that the deformation is characterized by simple sheardominated general shearing with S-L *** deformation behaviors and quartz C-axis textures demonstrate that the deformed granitic rocks developed under greenschist to amphibolite facies conditions at deformation temperatures ranging from 450 to 550℃.New LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages indicate that these granitic rocks were formed in Early Triassic(~248.6 Ma)and Early Cretaceous(~136.7 Ma).All the evidence indicates that this deformation may have occurred in Early Cretaceous and was related to the compression resulting from the final closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean.

关键词： zircon U-Pb dating EBSD analysis finite strain kinematic vorticity Erguna ductile shear zone

scRNA-seq reveals that origin recognition complex subunit 6 regulates mouse spermatogonial cell proliferation and apoptosis via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 46-56页

作者： Shi-Wei Liu Jia-Qiang Luo Liang-Yu zhao Ning-Jing Ou Chao-Yang Yu-Xiang Zhang Hao-Wei Bai Hong-Fang Sun Jian-Xiong Zhang Chen-Cheng Yao Peng Li Ru-Hui Tian Zheng Li Zi-Jue Zhu Department of Andrology Center for Men's HealthUrologic Medical CenterShanghai General HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 211166China Shanghai Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200080China Department of Urology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical ImagingThe Fifth Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519000China Department of Urology First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing 210029China

The regulation of spermatogonial proliferation and apoptosis is of great significance for maintaining *** single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)analysis of the testis was performed to identify genes upregulated in *** scRNAseq analysis,we identified the spermatogonia upregulated gene origin recognition complex subunit 6(Orc6),which is involved in DNA replication and cell cycle regulation;its protein expression in the human and mouse testis was detected by western blot and *** explore the potential function of Orc6 in spermatogonia,the C18-4 cell line was transfected with control or Orc6 ***,5-ethynyl-2-deoxyuridine(EdU)and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL)assays,flow cytometry,and western blot were used to evaluate its effects on proliferation and *** was revealed that ORC6 could promote proliferation and inhibit apoptosis of C18-4 *** RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis indicated that Orc6 was involved in the activation of wingless/integrated(Wnt)/β-catenin *** blot revealed that the expression ofβ-catenin protein and its phosphorylation(Ser675)were significantly decreased when silencing the expression of *** findings indicated that Orc6 was upregulated in spermatogonia,whereby it regulated proliferation and apoptosis by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

关键词： cell proliferation ORCG scRNA-seq analysis spermatogonia Wnt/β-catenin signaling

齿轮高效精密磨削加工及表面完整性控制技术研究进展

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机械工程学报 2024年第7期60卷 350-373页

作者：丁文锋赵俊帅张洪港赵彪司文元宋强黄庆飞南京航空航天大学机电学院南京210016 中国航发中传机械有限公司长沙410200 苏州远东砂轮有限公司苏州215004

随着航空等高端装备工业的发展,传动齿轮高效率、高精度、高可靠性的需求日益增加。磨削加工技术是齿轮精密成形加工的重要工序,对齿轮的表面质量和服役寿命有着重要影响。由于齿轮的齿面结构复杂,淬硬表面材料难加工,齿轮磨削过程中存... 详细信息

随着航空等高端装备工业的发展,传动齿轮高效率、高精度、高可靠性的需求日益增加。磨削加工技术是齿轮精密成形加工的重要工序,对齿轮的表面质量和服役寿命有着重要影响。由于齿轮的齿面结构复杂,淬硬表面材料难加工,齿轮磨削过程中存在磨削力大、磨削温度高、磨削表面质量难以控制等问题,因此,国内外针对齿轮磨削加工技术开展了大量深入、系统研究并运用于实际生产中。在概述齿轮磨削加工研究发展现状的基础上,总结了国内外学者在齿轮高效加工、精密加工、磨削表面完整性创成机制等方面的主要研究成果。最后,对齿轮高效精密磨削加工技术的发展趋势进行了总结和展望,旨在为高性能齿轮制造提供理论和技术指导。

关键词：高效精密磨削齿轮磨削力磨削温度表面完整性

青藏高原季节冻土山区河流的溶解性碳输出特征及控制因素

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地球科学 2024年第3期49卷 1177-1188页

作者：赵鲁松孙自永马瑞胡雅璐常启昕潘艳喜潘钊中国地质大学环境学院湖北武汉430078 中国地质大学长江流域环境水科学湖北省重点实验室湖北武汉430078 成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院四川成都610059

高寒山区土壤碳是全球冻土碳库的重要组成部分,以溶解相从陆地侧向输出到河流是该地区土壤碳输出的重要途径,而以往研究主要集中在多年冻土区,对季节冻土区关注较少.为探讨季节冻土区河流溶解性碳的输出规律、影响因素及其作用机制,以... 详细信息

高寒山区土壤碳是全球冻土碳库的重要组成部分,以溶解相从陆地侧向输出到河流是该地区土壤碳输出的重要途径,而以往研究主要集中在多年冻土区,对季节冻土区关注较少.为探讨季节冻土区河流溶解性碳的输出规律、影响因素及其作用机制,以位于青藏高原祁连山北麓黑河上游的季节冻土山区——红泥沟小流域为研究区,通过对河水中溶解性有机碳(DOC)和溶解性无机碳(DIC)浓度与通量的连续观测,结合河水中稳定同位素丰度及流域内气象、水文、地温等观测数据,发现在冻土消融前期(春末),流域出口河水中DOC和DIC浓度较高但通量较低;在冻土消融后期(夏季),河水中DOC和DIC浓度较低但通量较高;河水中DOC和DIC浓度在消融后期总体呈下降趋势,但低流量期的浓度比高流量期略有上升.研究表明:对以红泥沟小流域为代表的季节冻土山区,消融前期溶解性碳输出的主控因素仍是冻土特征及动态,但在消融后期则变为水文输入特征主控,以细粒残坡积物为主的薄层含水层和广泛发育的冻融扰动地貌也对其有重要影响,导致河流中DOC浓度高于青藏高原其他地区的报道值.

关键词：高寒山区青藏高原黑河上游季节冻土溶解性有机碳溶解性无机碳侧向输出环境地质水文地质

Micro/nano flow chemistry by Beyond Limits Manufacturing

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 3-12页

作者： Peiwen Liu Fang zhao Jing Zhang Yunpeng Bai Jinxing Ye Bo Bao Xinggui Zhou Li Zhang Changlu Zhou Xinhai Yu Peng Zuo Jianye Xia Lian Cen Yangyang Yang Guoyue Shi Lin Xu Weiping Zhu Yufang Xu Xuhong Qian State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical BiologySchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering School of Chemical EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for BiomanufacturingEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Mechanical and Power Engineering East China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes Department of ChemistrySchool of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China

In September 2018,we proposed the cutting-edge concept of“Beyond Limits Manufacturing”(BLM).BLM technology is based on the three-dimensional inner engraving or precise outer engraving of ultra-fast laser,to invent micro/nano scale flow chips or devices,which makes it possible for the microform,integration,economy,safety,high efficiency,green and intelligence of research,development and manufacturing process,so as to realize transformational manufacturing in the era of Industry *** this paper,we reviewed the representative results we made in the field of micro/nano flow chemistry during the implementation of the BLM major project(December 2019 to August 2023),and discussed its application prospects in micro/nano flow chemistry.

关键词： Beyond Limits Manufacturing Flow chemistry Pharmaceutical manufacturing Microreactor

四川泸定M_(S)6.8地震断层运动模拟与反演研究

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第四纪研究 2024年第2期44卷 354-367页

作者：徐正李勇杨欣赵少泽谢成晟赵亮易桂喜成都理工大学地球科学学院四川成都610059 成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都610059 四川省地震局四川成都610041

鲜水河断裂南东段、龙门山后山断裂南西段与安宁河断裂构成了青藏高原东南缘典型的“Y”字型断裂构造体系,强烈的构造活动使得该构造体系影响范围地震活动频发,尤其是位于“Y”字型的交汇处的泸定县磨西镇周边多次发生M_(S)6.0以上的中... 详细信息

鲜水河断裂南东段、龙门山后山断裂南西段与安宁河断裂构成了青藏高原东南缘典型的“Y”字型断裂构造体系,强烈的构造活动使得该构造体系影响范围地震活动频发,尤其是位于“Y”字型的交汇处的泸定县磨西镇周边多次发生M_(S)6.0以上的中强震。2022年9月5日发生的泸定MS6.8地震震中位于鲜水河断裂南东段磨西镇就是强震活动的最新体现,此次地震造成了百人以上的人员伤亡,是近年来青藏高原东南缘受关注度最高的一次地震。但是该区域地质构造极为复杂,传统的地质研究方法难以快速、有效地分析地震断层运动及应力变化等问题。本研究利用有限元接触面Interface方法数值模拟发震时主断裂运动特征,反演分析了该地震前、后区域位移矢量场以及库伦应力场的变化。数值模拟结果表明,在模型左侧边界施加南东向的侧向力、在上边界的北西角施加正南向的侧向力,且固定扬子块体情况下,对川滇块体底部施加左旋作用、川青块体底部施加右旋作用时,得到的数值拟合度高。地震前磨西镇同时存在张、压应力,其中位于鲜水河断裂南东段上的燕子沟、磨西镇及新民乡有应力集中现象;发震时主震发生在地表以下13 km左右深度,最大滑动位移在燕子沟-磨西镇段,存在1.5~2.0 m的同震剪切左行滑移;地震前、后实测位移点矢量方向变化,是受破碎点靠拢效应和震后地块物理回弹变形的影响。地震后川滇块体的剪切应变增量(平均为10×10^(-5))高于扬子块体(平均为5×10^(-5)),表明川滇块体在区域块体运动中依然发挥主导作用,主断裂带上的剪切应力朝南东向传递趋势明显。本研究为认识青藏高原东南缘的地壳变形特征提供新的材料,对该地区的强震孕育发生机制、地震危险性分析及经济建设提供一定的科学依据和实用价值。

关键词：泸定M_(S)6.8地震发震运动特征位移矢量场库伦应力场

Prevalence and serotype distribution of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae among healthy children under 5 years of age in Hainan Province, China

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 42-52页

作者： Jian Wang Li Qiu Shuang Bai Wei zhao Ao Zhang Jing Li Jun-Nan Zhang Shan-Shan Zhou Ren Qiu Zhu Huang Jv-Xia Liu Ting-Bin Wang Xue Sun Jiang Wu Qun Zheng Bin He Min Lv Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control BeijingChina Beijing Research Center for Respiratory Infectious Diseases BeijingChina Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention HaikouChina Haikou Center for Disease Control and Prevention HaikouHainanChina Wanning Center for Disease Control and Prevention WanningHainanChina Baisha County Center for Disease Control and Prevention BaishaHainanChina Qiongzhong County Center for Disease Control and Prevention QiongzhongHainanChina

Background The thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine(PCV13)is not included in the national immu-nization program and is administered voluntarily with informed consent in *** preparation for assessing the impact of pilot introduction in Hainan Province,we conducted a carriage study among children under 5 years of age from four locations in Hainan Province,*** From March to June 2022,nasopharyngeal(NP)swabs,collected from healthy children aged younger than 59 months who lived in the 4 different locations(Haikou,Wanning,Baisha and Qiongzhong)in Hainan Province,were tested for pneumococcus using conventional *** isolates were serotyped using the Quel-lung *** factors associated with pneumococcal colonization were assessed using univariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression adjusting for age,daycare attendance and other *** Pneumococcus was isolated in 710(30.4%)of the 2333 children *** 737 pneumococci,29 serotypes were identifed;60.9%were PCV13 serotypes;the most common vaccine serotypes were 6B(20.4%),19F(13.0%),6A(11.9%)and 23F(6.1%);and the most common nonvaccine serotypes were 23A(12.9%),34(6.1%)and nontypeable(NT)pneumococci(5.6%).Children vaccinated with PCV13 had lower carriage(17.7%vs 32.5%;P=0.0001)and fewer PCV13 serotypes(41.9%vs 62.7%;P=0.0017)compared to unimmunized *** adjustment,NP carriage Was higher among children attending daycare(aOR=2.3,95%CI:1.7-3.2),living in rural areas(aOR=1.4,95%CI:1.1-1.8),living with siblings(aOR=1.3,95%CI:1.0-1.6)and whose mothers had completed senior high/technical sec-ondary school(aOR=1.5,95%CI:1.1-2.0).In contrast,completion of 3-4 doses of PCV13 were associated with a lower carriage rate(aOR=0.6,95%CI:0.4-0.9).Conclusions We established the baseline of pneumococcal carriage,serotype distribution and PCV13 immuni-zation rates among healthy children under 5 years of age in Hainan Province,prior to the introduction of PCV13 into th

关键词： Pneumococcus Nasopharyngeal carriage Serotypes distribution Children Hainan Province China

Lean body mass index is a marker of advanced tumor features in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第3期16卷 393-404页

作者： Andrew Scott deLemos Jing zhao Milin Patel Banks Kooken Karan Mathur Hieu Minh Nguyen Areej Mazhar Maggie McCarter Heather Burney Carla Kettler Naga Chalasani Samer Gawrieh Department of Medicine Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Department of Medicine Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Center for Health System Sciences(CHASSIS) Atrium HealthCharlotteNC 28204United States Department of Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL 60611United States Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

BACKGROUND Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and may influence its ***,after diagnosis of HCC,like other malignancies,the obesity paradox may exist where higher body mass index(BMI)may in fact confer a survival *** is frequently observed in patients with advanced HCC and cirrhosis,who often present late with advanced tumor features and cancer related weight *** To explore the relationship between BMI and survival in patients with cirrhosis and *** This is a retrospective cohort study of over 2500 patients diagnosed with HCC between 2009-2019 at two United States academic medical *** and tumor characteristics were extracted manually from medical records of each institutions'cancer *** were stratified according to BMI classes:30 kg/m^(2)(obese).Patient and tumor characteristics were compared according to BMI *** performed an overall survival analysis using Kaplan Meier by the three BMI classes and after adjusting for Milan criteria.A multivariable Cox regression model was then used to assess known risk factors for survival in patients with cirrhosis and *** A total of 2548 patients with HCC were included in the analysis of which 11.2%(n=286)were classified as *** three main BMI categories:Lean(n=754),overweight(n=861),and obese(n=933)represented 29.6%,33.8%,and 36.6%of the total population *** each BMI class,the non-cirrhotic patients accounted for 15%(n=100),12%(n=94),and 11%(n=92),*** patients with a BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2)(n=52)were included in the lean *** the obese cohort,42%(n=396)had a BMI≥35 kg/m^(2).Out of 2262 patients with cirrhosis and HCC,654(29%)were lean,767(34%)were overweight,and 841(37%)were *** three BMI classes did not differ by age,MELD,or Child-Pugh *** hepatitis C was the dominant etiology in lea

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Cirrhosis Obesity Body mass index class Sarcopenia Chronic hepatitis C