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Adverse effects of exposure to fine particles and ultrafine particles in the environment on different organs of organisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 449-473页

作者： Jianwei Zhang zhao chen Dan Shan Yang Wu Yue zhao chen Li Yue Shu Xiaoyu Linghu Baiqi Wang Department of Occupational and Environmental Health School of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300070China Department of Medical Tianjin Stomatological HospitalSchool of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin 300041China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment Nutrition and Public HealthTianjin 300070China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Preventive Medicine Education(Tianjin Medical University) Tianjin 300070China

Particulate pollution is a global risk factor that seriously threatens human health.Fine particles(FPs)and ultrafine particles(UFPs)have small particle diameters and large specific surface areas,which can easily adsorb metals,microorganisms and other pollutants.FPs and UFPs can enter the human body in multiple ways and can be easily and quickly absorbed by the cells,tissues and organs.In the body,the particles can induce oxidative stress,inflammatory response and apoptosis,furthermore causing great adverse effects.Epidemiological studies mainly take the population as the research object to study the distribution of diseases and health conditions in a specific population and to focus on the identification of influencing factors.However,the mechanism by which a substance harms the health of organisms is mainly demonstrated through toxicological studies.Combining epidemiological studies with toxicological studies will provide a more systematic and comprehensive understanding of the impact of PM on the health of organisms.In this review,the sources,compositions,and morphologies of FPs and UFPs are briefly introduced in the first part.The effects and action mechanisms of exposure to FPs and UFPs on the heart,lungs,brain,liver,spleen,kidneys,pancreas,gastrointestinal tract,joints and reproductive system are systematically summarized.In addition,challenges are further pointed out at the end of the paper.This work provides useful theoretical guidance and a strong experimental foundation for investigating and preventing the adverse effects of FPs and UFPs on human health.

关键词： Fine particles Ultrafine particles Organs Adverse effect

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SARS-CoV-2 immunity in animal models

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第2期21卷 119-133页

作者： zhao chen Yaochang Yuan Qingtao Hu Airu Zhu Fenghua chen Shu Li Xin Guan Chao Lv Tian Tang Yiyun He Jinling cheng Jie Zheng Xiaoyu Hu Jingxian zhao Jincun zhao Jing Sun State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Centre for Respiratory DiseaseNational Centre for Respiratory MedicineGuangzhou Institute of Respiratory Healththe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510182China GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510000China Guangzhou National Laboratory GuangzhouGuangdong 510005China Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies School of Life Science and TechnologyShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Institute for Hepatology National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseaseShenzhen Third People’s Hospitalthe Second Affiliated HospitalSchool of MedicineSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518005China

The COVID-19 pandemic,which was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),has become a worldwide health crisis due to its transmissibility.SARS-CoV-2 infection results in severe respiratory illness and can lead to significant complications in affected individuals.These complications encompass symptoms such as coughing,respiratory distress,fever,infectious shock,acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),and even multiple-organ failure.Animal models serve as crucial tools for investigating pathogenic mechanisms,immune responses,immune escape mechanisms,antiviral drug development,and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.Currently,various animal models for SARS-CoV-2 infection,such as nonhuman primates(NHPs),ferrets,hamsters,and many different mouse models,have been developed.Each model possesses distinctive features and applications.In this review,we elucidate the immune response elicited by SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients and provide an overview of the characteristics of various animal models mainly used for SARS-CoV-2 infection,as well as the corresponding immune responses and applications of these models.A comparative analysis of transcriptomic alterations in the lungs from different animal models revealed that the K18-hACE2 and mouse-adapted virus mouse models exhibited the highest similarity with the deceased COVID-19 patients.Finally,we highlighted the current gaps in related research between animal model studies and clinical investigations,underscoring lingering scientific questions that demand further clarification.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 animal models immune response

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Transmit Power Minimization for IRS-Assisted NOMA-UAV Networks

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China Communications 2024年第5期21卷 137-152页

作者： zhao chen Pang Xiaowei Tang Jie Liu Mingqian zhao Nan Zhang Xiuyin Wang Xianbin School of Information and Communication Engineering Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China School of Electronic and Information Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian UniversityXi’an 710071China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Western UniversityLondonON N6A 5B9Canada

The flexibility of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)allows them to be quickly deployed to support ground users.Intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)can reflect the incident signal and form passive beamforming to enhance the signal in the specific direction.Motivated by the promising benefits of both technologies,we consider a new scenario in this paper where a UAV uses non-orthogonal multiple access to serve multiple users with IRS.According to their distance to the UAV,the users are divided into the close users and remote users.The UAV hovers above the close users due to their higher rate requirement,while the IRS is deployed near the remote users to enhance their received power.We aim at minimizing the transmit power of UAV by jointly optimizing the beamforming of UAV and the phase shift of IRS while ensuring the decoding requirement.However,the problem is non-convex.Therefore,we decompose it into two sub-problems,including the transmit beamforming optimization and phase shift optimization,which are transformed into second-order cone programming and semidefinite programming,respectively.We propose an iterative algorithm to solve the two sub-problems alternatively.Simulation results prove the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in minimizing the transmit power of UAV.

关键词： intelligent reflecting surface nonorthogonal multiple access phase shift optimization transmit beamforming optimization unmanned aerial vehicle

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Clinical observation of extraction-site incisional hernia after laparoscopic colorectal surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 710-716页

作者： Bao-Hang Fan Ke-Li Zhong Li-Jin Zhu zhao chen Fang Li Wen-Fei Wu Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University Jinan UniversityShenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Shenzhen People’s Hospital(The Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan UniversityThe First Affiliated HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology)Shenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Radiation Oncology Shenzhen People’s Hospital(The Second Clinical Medical CollegeJinan UniversityThe First Affiliated HospitalSouthern University of Science and Technology)Shenzhen 518020Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery increases the risk of incisional hernia(IH)at the tumor extraction site.AIM To investigate the incidence of IH at extraction sites following laparoscopic colo-rectal cancer surgery and identify the risk factors for IH incidence.METHODS This study retrospectively analyzed the data of 1614 patients who underwent la-paroscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery with tumor extraction through the abdominal wall at our center between January 2017 and December 2022.Diffe-rences in the incidence of postoperative IH at different extraction sites and the risk factors for IH incidence were investigated.RESULTS Among the 1614 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical colorectal cancer surgery,303(18.8%),923(57.2%),171(10.6%),and 217(13.4%)tumors were ex-tracted through supraumbilical midline,infraumbilical midline,umbilical,and off-midline incisions.Of these,52 patients developed IH in the abdominal wall,with an incidence of 3.2%.The incidence of postoperative IH was significantly higher in the off-midline incision group(8.8%)than in the middle incision groups[the supraumbilical midline(2.6%),infraumbilical midline(2.2%),and umbilical incision(2.9%)groups](χ^(2)=24.985;P<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that IH occurrence was associated with age,obesity,sex,chronic cough,incision infection,and combined diabetes,anemia,and hypopro-teinemia(P<0.05).Similarly,multivariate analysis showed that off-midline incision,age,sex(female),obesity,incision infection,combined chronic cough,and hypoproteinemia were independent risk factors for IH at the site of laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The incidence of postoperative IH differs between extraction sites for laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery.The infraumbilical midline incision is associated with a lower hernia rate and is thus a suitable tumor extraction site.

关键词： Incisional hernia Laparoscopy Colorectal cancer Incision infection

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Isotopic characteristics and source analysis of atmospheric ammonia during agricultural periods in the Xichuan area of the Danjiangkou Reservoir

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第2期136卷 460-469页

作者： Xiaoshu chen Tongqian zhao Chunyan Xiao Xiaoming Guo Feihong chen Institute of Resources and Environment Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo 454000China

Nitrogen deposition is an important means of exogenous nitrogen input in reservoir water.Agricultural activities around the reservoir lead to a sharp increase in the concentration of ammonia in the atmosphere,which poses a threat to the reservoir water body.Clarifying the contribution of agricultural ammonia release to atmospheric NH_(x)(gaseous NH_(3)and particulate NH_(4)^(+)),in the reservoir area can provide a theoretical foundation for local reactive nitrogen control.We collected atmospheric NH_(3)and NH_(4)^(+)samples during the agricultural periods and analyzed the isotopic characteristics of atmospheric NH_(x)and the contribution rates of different ammonia sources in the Xichuan area of the Danjiangkou Reservoir.The results showed that the initialδ~(15)N values of NH_(3)(-30.0‰to–7.2‰)and particulate NH_(4)^(+)(–33‰to+4.9‰for finer and coarser particles,respectively)are different,and their contribution ratios from dissimilar ammonia sources are also different,among which NH_(4)^(+)is more susceptible to meteorological factors.However,since the atmospheric NH_(x)in the Xichuan area is mainly gaseous NH_(3),the final sources of atmospheric ammonia nitrogen source depend on gaseous NH_(3).Agricultural sources(59%-74%)were the main NH_(3)sources in this area.Among them,the fertilizer use emission was dominant;it had the highest contribution rate in summer during the agricultural period and a more prominent impact in areas with less human interference.Reasonable regulation of the application of high-ammonia releasing fertilizer,especially during the agricultural period in summer,is an effective way to reduce the threat of atmospheric ammonia to water health.

关键词： Danjiangkou reservoir Atmospheric ammonia nitrogen Isotope Ammonia source analysis Agricultural sources

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An Environment‑Tolerant Ion‑Conducting Double‑Network Composite Hydrogel for High‑Performance Flexible Electronic Devices

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第5期16卷 352-369页

作者： Wenchao zhao Haifeng Zhou Wenkang Li Manlin chen Min Zhou Long zhao State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology School of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People’s Republic of China

High-performance ion-conducting hydrogels(ICHs)are vital for developing flexible electronic devices.However,the robustness and ion-conducting behavior of ICHs deteriorate at extreme tempera-tures,hampering their use in soft electronics.To resolve these issues,a method involving freeze–thawing and ionizing radiation technology is reported herein for synthesizing a novel double-network(DN)ICH based on a poly(ionic liquid)/MXene/poly(vinyl alcohol)(PMP DN ICH)system.The well-designed ICH exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity(63.89 mS cm^(-1) at 25℃),excellent temperature resistance(-60–80℃),prolonged stability(30 d at ambient temperature),high oxidation resist-ance,remarkable antibacterial activity,decent mechanical performance,and adhesion.Additionally,the ICH performs effectively in a flexible wireless strain sensor,thermal sensor,all-solid-state supercapacitor,and single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator,thereby highlighting its viability in constructing soft electronic devices.The highly integrated gel structure endows these flexible electronic devices with stable,reliable signal output performance.In particular,the all-solid-state supercapacitor containing the PMP DN ICH electrolyte exhibits a high areal specific capacitance of 253.38 mF cm^(-2)(current density,1 mA cm^(-2))and excellent environmental adaptability.This study paves the way for the design and fabrication of high-performance mul-tifunctional/flexible ICHs for wearable sensing,energy-storage,and energy-harvesting applications.

关键词： Ionic liquids Double-network hydrogels Temperature tolerance Multifunctionality Flexible electronic devices

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Recent progress in lanthanide ions doped inorganic metal halide perovskites

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第2期42卷 237-250,I0001页

作者： Yiyan Zhang Tianyu zhao Guanying chen MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentKey Laboratory of Micro-systems and Micro-structuresMinistry of EducationHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China

Benefiting from their large molar extinction coefficient,high carrier mobility,narrow and tunable emissions,inorganic metal halide perovskites(IMHPs) demonstrate great potential in various optoelectrical devices including solar cells,light emitting diodes and photodetectors in the past few years.Metal ions doping,well-known as a modification method of semiconductors,has been extensively applied in IMHPs as well.Diverse metal ions have been doped in IMHPs including alkali metals,alkali earth metals,transition metals and lanthanide metals,which either improve their optical performances or induce intriguing brand-new properties.Among them,lanthanide metals feature plentiful energy levels and stable optical properties and are one of the most noteworthy species.Here we review recent progress in lanthanide ions doped IMHPs.We summarize Yb,Eu or Er ions singly doping in detail,which was the most investigated species in IMHPs.Other lanthanide ions are also reviewed synoptically.Furthermore,we introduce lanthanide ions multi-doped IMHPs and at last we put forward several potential development directions.As the interests in lanthanide ions doped IMHPs rise,researchers have made some achievements in the field.Still though,there are more unexplored issues.Although there are review articles focusing on metal ions doped IMHPs or lanthanide ions doped perovskites,this review aims to provide an overall introduction of lanthanide ions doped IMHPs.This review may help researchers learn about lanthanide ions doped IMHPs and is to inspire researchers to make further promotion in this field.

关键词： Halide perovskite Lanthanide Doping Rare earths

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A whole-net cooperative positioning method based on CDGNSS and inter-vehicle ranging

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第2期37卷 401-416页

作者： Shan HU Hongbo zhao chen ZHUANG School of Electronics and Information Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Relative positioning is recognized as an important issue for vehicles in urban environments.Multi-vehicle Cooperative Positioning(CP)techniques which fuse the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)and inter-vehicle ranging have attracted attention in improving the performance of baseline estimation between vehicles.However,current CP methods estimate the baselines separately and ignore the interactions among the positioning information of different baselines.These interactions are called’information coupling’.In this work,we propose a new multivehicle precise CP framework using the coupled information in the network based on the Carrier Differential GNSS(CDGNSS)and inter-vehicle ranging.We demonstrate the benefit of the coupled information by deriving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound(CRLB)of the float estimation in CP.To fully use this coupled information,we propose a Whole-Net CP(WN-CP)method which consists of the Whole-Net Extended Kalman Filter(WN-EKF)as the float estimation filter,and the Partial Baseline Fixing(PBF)as the ambiguity resolution part.The WN-EKF fuses the measurements of all baselines simultaneously to improve the performance of float estimation,and the PBF strategy fixes the ambiguities of the one baseline to be estimated,instead of full ambiguity resolution,to reduce the computation load of ambiguity resolution.Field tests involving four vehicles were conducted in urban environments.The results show that the proposed WN-CP method can achieve better performance and meanwhile maintain a low computation load compared to the existing methods.

关键词： GNSS Cooperative positioning Baseline Ambiguity resolution Information coupling

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Coupling and coordinated evolution characteristics of regional economy-energy-carbon emission multiple systems:A case study of main China's Basin

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 204-218页

作者： Lu chen Xin Li Jingyi zhao Xinyu Kang Lu Liu Minxi Wang Wu chen College of Management Science Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610051China SDU Life Cycle Engineering Department of Green TechnologyUniversity of Southern Denmark5230 OdenseDenmark

Comprehensive analysis of the Economy-Energy-Carbon Emission(EECE)system is beneficial for promoting sustainable social development.This study analyzes the system development of major watersheds in China from 2010 to 2019.The research fully considers the system’s internal and external inputs and outputs and proposes an evaluation index system for regional EECE coupling and coordinated development.Then,using the difference in system weight allocation to improve the coupling and coordination model,the study explores the dynamic system’s coupling and coordination.The results show that(1)The development of the system structure is relatively stable,but the overall development status is not ideal;(2)The downstream of China’s main river basins has obvious economic advantages,while the energy system fluctuates greatly.The efficiency of the carbon emission system will decrease in areas with rapid economic development.The coupling and coordination level of the EECE system is better in the Yangtze River Basin than in the Yellow River Basin;(3)From the perspective of dynamic coordinated development,the main river basins have been divided into two states since 2012,but it is relatively stable overall.Regional dynamic coordination is often at a disadvantage in regions with rapid economic and energy development;(4)The coupling coordination degree of the two river basins has significant positive spatial autocorrelation.Most provinces’significant spatial clustering characteristics of the coupling coordination degree are High-High type.Low-Low type provinces are mainly concentrated downstream.The research process has certain reference significance for the collaborative governance of complex regional systems.

关键词： System structure Efficiency measure Coupling mechanism Dynamic coordination

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Effects of layer interactions on instantaneous stability of finite Stokes flows

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 69-84页

作者： chen zhao Zhenli chen C.T.MUTASA Dong LI School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

The stability analysis of a finite Stokes layer is of practical importance in flow control. In the present work, the instantaneous stability of a finite Stokes layer with layer interactions is studied via a linear stability analysis of the frozen phases of the base flow. The oscillations of two plates can have different velocity amplitudes, initial phases, and frequencies. The effects of the Stokes-layer interactions on the stability when two plates oscillate synchronously are analyzed. The growth rates of two most unstable modes when δ 0.68. However, the interactions always have a stabilizing effect on the other unstable mode. It is explained that one of the two unstable modes has much higher dissipation than the other one when the Stokes-layer interactions are strong. We also find that the stability of the Stokes layer is closely related to the inflectional points of the base-flow velocity profile. The effects of inconsistent velocity-amplitude, initial phase, and frequency of the oscillations on the stability are analyzed. The energy of the most unstable eigenvector is mainly distributed near the plate of higher velocity amplitude or higher oscillation frequency. The effects of the initial phase difference are complicated because the base-flow velocity is extremely sensitive to the initial phase.

关键词： finite Stokes layer instantaneous stability Stokes-layer interaction asynchronous oscillation

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