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Frontiers in Energy 2024年第2期18卷 206-222页

作者： Cheng YUAN Shiming zhang Jiujun zhang Institute for Sustainable Energy/College of Sciences Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China

Platinum(Pt)-based materials are still the most efficient and practical catalysts to drive the sluggish kinetics of cathodic oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs).However,their catalysis and stability performance still need to be further improved in terms of corrosion of both carbon support and Pt catalyst particles as well as Pt loading *** on the developed synthetic strategies of alloying/nanostructuring Pt particles and modifying/innovating supports in developing conventional Pt-based catalysts,Pt single-atom catalysts(Pt SACs)as the recently burgeoning hot materials with a potential to achieve the maximum utilization of Pt are comprehensively reviewed in this *** design thoughts and synthesis of various isolated,alloyed,and nanoparticlecontained Pt SACs are *** single-atomic Pt coordinating with non-metals and alloying with metals as well as the metal-support interactions of Pt single-atoms with carbon/non-carbon supports are emphasized in terms of the ORR activity and stability of the *** advance further research and development of Pt SACs for viable implementation in PEMFCs,various technical challenges and several potential research directions are outlined.

关键词： oxygen reduction electrocatalysis Pt singleatom catalysts conventional Pt-based catalysts design thoughts and synthesis metal-support interactions

Value Iteration-Based Cooperative Adaptive Optimal Control for Multi-Player Differential Games With Incomplete Information

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第3期11卷 690-697页

作者： Yun zhang Lulu zhang Yunze Cai the Department of Automation Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240 the Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of ChinaShanghai 200240China

This paper presents a novel cooperative value iteration(VI)-based adaptive dynamic programming method for multi-player differential game models with a convergence *** players are divided into two groups in the learning process and adapt their policies *** method removes the dependence of admissible initial policies,which is one of the main drawbacks of the PI-based ***,this algorithm enables the players to adapt their control policies without full knowledge of others’ system parameters or control *** efficacy of our method is illustrated by three examples.

关键词： Adaptive dynamic programming incomplete information multi-player differential game value iteration

Nanophononic metamaterials induced proximity effect in heat flux regulation

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第2期19卷 149-156页

作者： Jian zhang Haochun zhang Gang zhang School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China Institute of High Performance Computing Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)Singapore 138632Singapore

Recent studies have shown that the construction of nanophononic metamaterials can reduce thermal conductivity without affecting electrical properties,making them promising in many fields of application,such as energy conversion and thermal ***,although extensive studies have been carried out on thermal conductivity reduction in nanophononic metamaterials,the local heat flux characteristic is still *** this work,we construct a heat flux regulator which includes a silicon nanofilm with silicon *** regulator has remarkable heat flux regulation ability,and various impacts on the regulation ability are ***,even in the region without nanopillars,the local heat current is still lower than that in pristine silicon nanofilms,reduced by the neighboring nanopillars through the thermal proximity *** combine the analysis of the phonon participation ratio with the intensity of localized phonon modes to provide a clear *** findings not only provide insights into the mechanisms of heat flux regulation by nanophononic metamaterials,but also will open up new research directions to control local heat flux for a broad range of applications,including heat management,thermoelectric energy conversion,thermal cloak,and thermal concentrator.

关键词： nanophononic metamaterials proximity effect

Experimentally Ruling Out Joint Reality Based on Locality with Device-Independent Steering

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第1期41卷 1-5页

作者： Shuaining zhang Xiang zhang Zhiyue Zheng Wei zhang Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education) Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China

As an essential concept to understand the world,whether the real values(or physical realities)of observables are suitable to physical systems beyond the classic has been debated for many *** standard nogo results based on Bell inequalities have ruled out the joint reality of incompatible quantum observables,the possibility of giving simple yet strong arguments to rule out joint reality in any physical system(not necessarily quantum)with weaker assumptions and less observables has been explored and proposed ***,we perform a device-independent experiment on a two-qubit superconducting system to show that the joint reality of two observables is incompatible with locality under the weaker assumption of the reality of observables in a single space-time region(or single qubit).Our results clearly show the violation of certain inequalities derived from both linear and nonlinear *** addition,we study the robustness of the linear and nonlinear criterion against the effect of systematic *** demonstration opens up the possibility of delineating classical and non-classical boundaries with simpler nontrivial quantum system.

关键词： observable quantum system

Improving lipid production by Rhodotorula glutinis for renewable fuel production based on machine learning

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第5期18卷 23-35页

作者： Lihe zhang Changwei zhang Xi Zhao Changliu He Xu zhang National Energy R&D Center for Biorefinery Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Collage of Life Science and Technology Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 10029China

Microbial lipid fermentation encompasses intricate complex cell growth processes and heavily relies on expert experience for optimal *** modeling of the fermentation process assists researchers in making intelligent decisions,employing logical reasoning and strategic planning to optimize lipid *** this study,the effects of medium components and concen-trations on lipid fermentation were investigated,*** then,leveraging the collated data,a variety of machine learning algorithms were used to model and optimize the lipid fermentation *** models,based on artificial neural networks and support vector machines,achieved R?values all higher than 0.93,ensuring accurate predictions of the fermentation *** linear regression was used to evaluate the respective target parameter,which were affected by the medium components of lipid ***,single and multi-objective optimiza-tion were conducted for lipid fermentation using the genetic *** results demonstrated the maximum biomass of 50.3 g·L^(-1) and maximum lipid concentration of 14.1 g:L^(-1) with the error between the experimental and predicted values less than 5%.The results of the multi-objective optimization reveal the synergistic and competitive relationship between biomass,lipid concentration,and conversion rate,which lay a basis for in-depth optimization and amplification.

关键词： microbial lipid machine learning artificial neural network support vector machine genetic algorithm

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HBV与外泌体的相关性研究进展

中国病原生物学杂志 2023年第8期18卷 991-992,F0003,F0004页

作者：邢燕张源清怀天然田景惠山东第一医科大学公共卫生与健康管理学院山东济南250000 山东第一医科大学第二附属医院

乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染导致乙型肝炎,也是我国肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)发生最主要的危险因素,但其致病机制迄今并不完全清楚。尽管抗病毒治疗可有效抑制HBV聚合酶的活性并减缓疾病进展,但不能完全根... 详细信息

乙型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染导致乙型肝炎,也是我国肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)发生最主要的危险因素,但其致病机制迄今并不完全清楚。尽管抗病毒治疗可有效抑制HBV聚合酶的活性并减缓疾病进展,但不能完全根除慢性感染者体内的HBV病毒。因此,对于HBV致病机制及其治疗仍然需要持续和深入研究。外泌体是一种细胞间物质和信息传递的载体,参与抗原提呈、免疫应答及肿瘤进展等多种生理病理过程。近年来的研究发现,外泌体在HBV的致病过程中发挥重要作用,且在HBV感染的诊断和治疗中具有重要的应用价值。本文对外泌体与HBV的相关性研究进行了综述。

关键词：外泌体乙型肝炎病毒 miRNA 综述

应用粉末静电喷涂工艺的弹条防腐涂层附着力及防锈性能研究

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铁道建筑 2020年第12期60卷 138-140,146页

作者：张松琦张远庆于毫勇吕明奎北京铁科首钢轨道技术股份有限公司北京102206

通过对不同前处理工艺、不同防腐涂层厚度的粉末静电喷涂防腐弹条进行划格检测、中性盐雾及二氧化硫试验,测试粉末静电喷涂防腐涂层的附着力和防锈性能,并分析其影响因素。结果表明:粉末静电喷涂防腐涂层具有良好的附着力及防锈性能;弹... 详细信息

通过对不同前处理工艺、不同防腐涂层厚度的粉末静电喷涂防腐弹条进行划格检测、中性盐雾及二氧化硫试验,测试粉末静电喷涂防腐涂层的附着力和防锈性能,并分析其影响因素。结果表明:粉末静电喷涂防腐涂层具有良好的附着力及防锈性能;弹条使用环境水分较多时对防腐涂层的附着力有一定影响,可在前处理过程中采取抛丸+陶化处理工艺;当涂层厚度不低于200μm时,防腐涂层经喷砂处理后仍具有良好的防锈性能。

关键词：弹条粉末静电喷涂试验研究防腐涂层附着力喷砂防锈性能

Optimising multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation using a novel parameter for improved indoor air quality and health protection

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Building Simulation 2024年第1期17卷 113-130页

作者： Haotian zhang Xiaoxiao Ding Weirong zhang Weijia zhang Yingli Xuan Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China Department ofArchitecture TokyoPolytechnic UniversityTokyoJapan

As infectious respiratory diseases are highly transmissible through the air,researchers have improved traditional total volume air distribution systems to reduce infection ***-vent module-based adaptive ventilation(MAV)is a novel ventilation type that facilitates the switching of inlets and outlets to suit different indoor scenarios without changing ductwork ***,little research has evaluated MAV module sizing and air velocity selection,both related to MAV system efficiency in removing contaminants and the corresponding level of protection for occupants in the ventilated ***,the module-source offset ratio(MSOR)is proposed,based on the MAV module size and its distance from an infected occupant,to inform selection of optimal MAV module *** fluid dynamics simulations illustrated contaminant distribution in a two-person MAV equipped *** phase particles modelled respiratory contaminants from the infected occupant,and contaminant concentration distributions were compared under four MAV air distribution layouts,three air velocities,and three module sizes considered using the *** indicate that lower air velocities favour rising contaminant levels,provided the ventilation rate is *** contaminant discharge can be achieved when the line of outlets is located directly above the infected *** this parameter to guide MAV system design,85.7% of contaminants may be rendered harmless to the human body within 120 s using the default air vent layout.A more appropriate supply air velocity and air vent layout increases this value to 91.4%.These results are expected to inform the deployment of MAV systems to reduce airborne infection risk.

关键词： multi-vent module-based adaptive ventilation computational fluid dynamics indoor air quality infection control

Non-isothermal kinetics and characteristics of calcium carbide nitridation reaction with calcium-based additives

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 49-61页

作者： Zhihan zhang Mengxiao Yu Xiaoyu zhang Jinli zhang You Han School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations Tianjin 300192China

The nitridation reaction of calcium carbide and N_(2) at high temperatures is the key step in the production of ***,the challenges faced by this process,such as high energy consumption and poor product quality,are mainly attributed to the lack of profound understanding of the *** study aimed to improve this process by investigating the non-isothermal kinetics and reaction characteristics of calcium carbide nitridation reaction at different heating rates(10,15,20,and 30℃·min^(-1))using thermogravimetric *** kinetic equation for the nitridation reaction of additive-free calcium carbide sample was obtained by combining model-free methods and model-fitting *** effect of different calcium-based additives(CaCl_(2) and CaF_(2))on the reaction was also *** results showed that the calcium-based additives significantly reduced reaction temperature and activation energy E_(a) by about 40% with CaF_(2) and by 55%-60% with CaCl_(2).The reaction model f(α)was also changed from contracting volume(R3)to 3-D diffusion models with D3 for CaCl_(2) and D4 for CaF_(2).This study provides valuable information on the mechanism and kinetics of calcium carbide nitridation reaction and new insights into the improvement of the lime-nitrogen process using calcium-based additives.

关键词： lime-nitrogen calcium carbide calciumbased additive thermogravimetric analysis nonisothermal kinetics

体外产气法和尼龙袋法评价5种全株玉米青贮的饲用价值

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动物营养学报 2019年第12期31卷 5682-5687页

作者：张元庆靳光王栋才李博徐芳程景张丹丹山西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所

本试验旨在通过体外产气法和尼龙袋法对5种全株玉米青贮的饲用价值进行评价。选取5种全株玉米青贮(分别由大丰26号、晋单65号、登海679号、潞研10号、屯玉168号青贮玉米制作),测定其常规营养成分含量;体外产气法测定不同发酵时间的产气... 详细信息

本试验旨在通过体外产气法和尼龙袋法对5种全株玉米青贮的饲用价值进行评价。选取5种全株玉米青贮(分别由大丰26号、晋单65号、登海679号、潞研10号、屯玉168号青贮玉米制作),测定其常规营养成分含量;体外产气法测定不同发酵时间的产气量,计算产气参数;尼龙袋法测定不同时间的干物质(DM)降解率,计算降解参数。结果显示:晋单65号的酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量最低,5种全株玉米青贮的粗蛋白质(CP)含量保持在5.46%~7.27%。晋单65号、登海679号、屯玉168号的粗脂肪(EE)含量显著高于大丰26号、潞研10号(P<0.05)。晋单65号的72 h产气量最高,为86.70 mL,且其产气速度显著高于登海679号和屯玉168号(P<0.05),发酵72 h的DM降解率显著高于其他4个品种(P<0.05)。综上,由晋单65号青贮玉米制作的全株玉米青贮营养成分含量较高,且更容易发酵,易于消化。

关键词：体外产气法尼龙袋法全株玉米青贮饲用价值