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Anti-infective immune functions of type IV interferon in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): A novel antibacterial and antiviral interferon in lower vertebrates

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ZOOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024年第5期45卷 972-982页

作者： Liu, Yuchen Zhu, Wentao zhang, yanqi zhang, Jingjing Lv, Maolin Su, Jianguo Huazhong Agr Univ Coll Fisheries Hubei Hongshan Lab Wuhan 430070 Hubei Peoples R China Qingdao Marine Sci & Technol Ctr Lab Marine Biol & Biotechnol Qingdao 266237 Shandong Peoples R China

Type IV interferon (IFN-u) is a recently discovered cytokine crucial for host defense against viral infections. However, the role and mechanisms of IFN-u in bacterial infections remain unexplored. This study investigated the antibacterial and antiviral functions and mechanisms of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella) ) IFN-u (CiIFN-u) both in vivo and in vitro. . The CiIFN-u gene was first identified and characterized in grass carp. Subsequently, the immune expression of CiIFN-u significantly increased following bacterial challenge, indicating its response to bacterial infections. The eukaryotic recombinant expression plasmid of CiIFN-u was then constructed and transfected into fathead minnow (FHM) cells. Supernatants were collected and incubated with four bacterial strains, followed by plate spreading and colony counting. Results indicated that CiIFN-u exhibited more potent antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria compared to gram- positive bacteria and aggregated gram-negative bacteria but not gram-positive bacteria. In vivo experiments further confirmed the antibacterial function, showing high survival rates, low tissue edema and damage, reduced tissue bacterial load, and elevated proinflammatory response at the early stages of bacterial infection. In addition, the antiviral function of CiIFN-u was confirmed through in vitro and in vivo experiments, including crystal violet staining, survival rates, tissue viral burden, and RT-qPCR. This study highlights the antibacterial function and preliminary mechanism of IFN-u, demonstrating that IFN-u possesses dual functions against bacterial and viral infections.

关键词： Grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella) ) IFN-u Bactericidal activity Antiviral activity Antimicrobial immunity PROTEIN GAMMA

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On the evolutionary trail of MagRs

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Zoological Research 2024年第4期45卷 821-830页

作者： Jing zhang Yafei Chang Peng zhang yanqi zhang Mengke Wei Chenyang Han Shun Wang Hui-Meng Lu Tiantian Cai Can Xie High Magnetic Field Laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesScience IslandHefeiAnhui 230031China Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230036China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230039China School of Life Sciences Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and BiotechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710072China Institute of Quantum Sensing Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027China

Magnetic sense,or termed magnetoreception,has evolved in a broad range of taxa within the animal kingdom to facilitate orientation and ***,highly conserved A-type iron-sulfur proteins,are widely distributed across all phyla and play essential roles in both magnetoreception and iron-sulfur cluster ***,the evolutionary origins and functional diversification of MagRs from their prokaryotic ancestor remain *** this study,MagR sequences from 131 species,ranging from bacteria to humans,were selected for analysis,with 23 representative sequences covering species from prokaryotes to Mollusca,Arthropoda,Osteichthyes,Reptilia,Aves,and mammals chosen for protein expression and *** studies revealed a gradual increase in total iron content in MagRs during *** types of MagRs were identified,each with distinct iron and/or iron-sulfur cluster binding capacity and protein stability,indicating continuous expansion of the functional roles of MagRs during speciation and *** evolutionary biochemical study provides valuable insights into how evolution shapes the physical and chemical properties of biological molecules such as MagRs and how these properties influence the evolutionary trajectories of MagRs.

关键词： Magnetoreception Magnetoreceptor(MagR) Iron-sulfur cluster Stability Evolutionary biochemistry

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Unexpected divergence in magnetoreceptor MagR from robin and pigeon linked to two sequence variations

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 69-78页

作者： Shun Wang Peng zhang Fan Fei Tianyang Tong Xiujuan Zhou Yajie Zhou Jing zhang Mengke Wei yanqi zhang Lei zhang Yulong Huang Lin zhang Xin zhang Tiantian Cai Can Xie Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230039China High Magnetic Field Laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesScience IslandHefeiAnhui 230031China Science Island Branch of Graduate School University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui 230036China Department of Anatomy Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230032China Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University at BuffaloState University of New YorkBuffaloNY 14260 USA International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center Science IslandHefeiAnhui 230031China

Birds exhibit extraordinary mobility and remarkable navigational skills,obtaining guidance cues from the Earth’s magnetic field for orientation and long-distance *** species also show tremendous diversity in navigation strategies,with considerable differences even within the same taxa and among individuals from the same *** highly conserved iron and iron-sulfur cluster binding magnetoreceptor(MagR)protein is suggested to enable animals,including birds,to detect the geomagnetic field and navigate ***,MagR is also implicated in other functions,such as electron transfer and biogenesis of iron-sulfur clusters,raising the question of whether variability exists in its biochemical and biophysical features among species,particularly *** the current study,we conducted a comparative analysis of MagR from two different bird species,including the migratory European robin(Erithacus rubecula)and the homing pigeon(Columba livia).Sequence alignment revealed an extremely high degree of similarity between the MagRs of these species,with only three sequence ***,two of these variations underpinned significant differences in metal binding capacity,oligomeric state,and magnetic *** findings offer compelling evidence for the marked differences in MagR between the two avian species,potentially explaining how a highly conserved protein can mediate such diverse functions.

关键词： Homing and migration Animal navigation Magnetoreceptor(MagR) Diverse navigation pattern Conserved protein

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Mitochondrial targeting sequence of magnetoreceptor MagR:More than just targeting

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Zoological Research 2024年第3期45卷 468-477页

作者： yanqi zhang Peng zhang Junjun Wang Jing zhang Tianyang Tong Xiujuan Zhou Yajie Zhou Mengke Wei Chuanlin Feng Jinqian Li Xin zhang Can Xie Tiantian Cai High Magnetic Field Laboratory Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui 230031China University of Science and Technology of China HefeiAnhui 230026China Department of Anatomy School of Basic MedicineAnhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui 230032China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230039China Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education NHC Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease ControlSchool of Tropical Medicine and The Second Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikouHainan 571199China International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center Science IslandHefeiAnhui 230031China Institute of Quantum Sensing Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027China

Iron-sulfur clusters(ISC)are essential cofactors for proteins involved in various biological processes,such as electron transport,biosynthetic reactions,DNA repair,and gene expression *** assembly protein IscA1(or MagR)is found within the mitochondria of most ***(MagR)is a highly conserved A-type iron and iron-sulfur cluster-binding protein,characterized by two distinct types of iron-sulfur clusters,[2Fe-2S]and[3Fe-4S],each conferring unique magnetic *** forms a rod-like polymer structure in complex with photoreceptive cryptochrome(Cry)and serves as a putative magnetoreceptor for retrieving geomagnetic information in animal *** the N-terminal sequences of MagR vary among species,their specific function remains *** the present study,we found that the N-terminal sequences of pigeon MagR,previously thought to serve as a mitochondrial targeting signal(MTS),were not cleaved following mitochondrial entry but instead modulated the efficiency with which iron-sulfur clusters and irons are ***,the N-terminal region of MagR was required for the formation of a stable MagR/Cry ***,the N-terminal sequences in pigeon MagR fulfil more important functional roles than just mitochondrial *** results further extend our understanding of the function of MagR and provide new insights into the origin of magnetoreception from an evolutionary perspective.

关键词： Magnetoreceptor(MagR) N-terminal sequence Mitochondrial targeting signal Iron-sulfur cluster

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Bactericidal ability of target acidic phospholipids and phagocytosis of CDC42 GTPase-mediated cytoskeletal rearrangement underlie functional conservation of CXCL12 in vertebrates

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Science China Life Sciences 2024年

作者： yanqi zhang Ning Xia Yazhen Hu Wentao Zhu Chunrong Yang Jianguo Su Hubei Hongshan Laboratory College of Fisheries Huazhong Agricultural University Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center School of Marine Sciences Ningbo University College of Veterinary Medicine Huazhong Agricultural University

Chemokine CXCL12 plays a crucial role in both direct bactericidal activity and phagocytosis in humans. However, the mechanisms and evolutionary functions of these processes in vertebrates remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that the direct bactericidal activity of CXCL12 is highly conserved across various vertebrate lineages, including Arctic lamprey (Lampetra japonica), Basking shark (Cetorhinus maximus), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Western clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis), Green anole (Anolis carolinensis), chicken(Gallus gallus), and human (Homo sapiens). CXCL12 also has been shown to promote phagocytosis in lower and higher vertebrates. We then employed C. idella CXCL12a (CiCXCL12a) as a model to further investigate its immune functions and underlying mechanisms. CiCXCL12a exerts direct broad-spectrum antibacterial activity by targeting bacterial acidic phospholipids, resulting in bacterial cell membrane perforation, and eventual lysis. Monocytes/macrophages are attracted to the infection sites for phagocytosis through the rapid production of CiCXCL12a during bacterial infection. CiCXCL12a induces CDC42 and CDC42 GTPase activation, which in turn mediates F-actin polymerization and cytoskeletal rearrangement. The interaction between F-actin and Aeromonas hydrophila facilitates bacterial internalization into monocytes/macrophages. Additionally, A. hydrophila is colocalized within early endosomes, late endosomes and lysosomes, ultimately degrading within phagolysosomes. CiCXCL12a also activates PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT5 and MAPK-ERK signaling pathways. Notably, only the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway inhibits LPS-induced monocyte/macrophage apoptosis. Thus, CiCXCL12a plays key roles in reducing tissue bacterial loads, attenuating organ injury, and decreasing mortality rates. Altogether, our findings elucidate the conserved mechanisms underlying CXCL12-mediated bactericidal activity and phagocytosis, providing novel perspectives into the immune functions

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乡村优秀传统文化构筑乡村振兴文化基础的历史渊源与现实价值

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中国农村观察 2024年第3期 2-17页

作者：李军张晏齐中国农业大学经济管理学院

乡村振兴固本铸魂必须将乡村视为优秀的文化主体,以乡村传统文化作为实现乡村振兴的文化基础。本文认为:第一,乡村传统文化数千年的流变说明,乡村传统文化早已扎根于中国人的精神世界,并具有强大的包容性、创新性和韧性,至今仍拥有旺盛... 详细信息

乡村振兴固本铸魂必须将乡村视为优秀的文化主体,以乡村传统文化作为实现乡村振兴的文化基础。本文认为:第一,乡村传统文化数千年的流变说明,乡村传统文化早已扎根于中国人的精神世界,并具有强大的包容性、创新性和韧性,至今仍拥有旺盛的生命力。第二,乡村传统文化主要载体包括农业古迹遗存、农业文化遗产、农书、农谚、民俗文化、乡规民约等,这些载体在当前乡村产业发展、精神传承、文化供给等方面仍然发挥着不可替代的作用,并以潜移默化的文化力量对中华民族的世界观产生影响,进而作用于个人追求、国家治理以及人与自然的关系处理。第三,乡村优秀传统文化不仅对乡村文化振兴具有重要作用,而且对乡村产业振兴、人才振兴、生态振兴、组织振兴均具有重要意义,由其衍生的思想观念、经验智慧、话语体系、文化感召和制度传统都是中华民族宝贵的精神财富。

关键词：乡村传统文化乡村振兴中华文明乡土文化农耕文明

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“千万工程”经验助推乡村建设的历史逻辑与实践路径

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南京农业大学学报（社会科学版） 2024年第2期24卷 16-26页

作者：李军张晏齐中国农业大学经济管理学院北京100083

“千万工程”成功推进了浙江整省全域的乡村振兴,对于当下推进乡村建设工作具有重大的指导意义:第一,“千万工程”经验具有深厚的历史逻辑,它继承并创新了马克思主义经典作家的论断和党在乡村建设中的宝贵经验,传承并发展了中华五千年... 详细信息

“千万工程”成功推进了浙江整省全域的乡村振兴,对于当下推进乡村建设工作具有重大的指导意义:第一,“千万工程”经验具有深厚的历史逻辑,它继承并创新了马克思主义经典作家的论断和党在乡村建设中的宝贵经验,传承并发展了中华五千年乡村建设史中的优秀传统,总结了世界乡村建设的普遍规律和经验教训,并在自身21年的实践史中不断自我完善,展示了强大的包容性和旺盛的生命力。第二,“千万工程”明确了乡村建设的目标原则,对于破除当前乡村建设中忽视农民主体地位、破坏生态环境、无视历史传承等问题具有重要的警示意义,为我们解答了“建设什么样的乡村”的重要问题。第三,各地在推广运用“千万工程”经验的实践中,必须坚持久久为功、量力而行和因地制宜的原则,不能将“千万工程”视为一种刻板的教条,而要深刻参悟其中蕴含的理念方法和价值取向。

关键词：乡村建设 “千万工程” 乡村振兴

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基于改进实例分割算法的区域养殖生猪计数系统

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智慧农业（中英文） 2024年第4期6卷 53-63页

作者：张岩琪周硕张凝柴秀娟孙坦中国农业科学院农业信息研究所北京100081 农业农村部农业大数据重点实验室北京100081

[目的/意义]针对现有规模化猪场生猪计数需求场景多,人工计数效率低、成本高等问题,提出一种基于改进实例分割深度学习算法和微信公众平台的区域养殖生猪计数方法。[方法]首先,利用智能手机拍摄养殖场猪只视频,对视频抽帧进一步生成图... 详细信息

[目的/意义]针对现有规模化猪场生猪计数需求场景多,人工计数效率低、成本高等问题,提出一种基于改进实例分割深度学习算法和微信公众平台的区域养殖生猪计数方法。[方法]首先,利用智能手机拍摄养殖场猪只视频,对视频抽帧进一步生成图像数据集。其次,通过改进卷积块注意力模块(Convolutional Block Attention Module, CBAM)中忽略通道与空间相互作用及通道注意力中降维操作带来的效率较低问题,提出高效全局注意力模块,并将该模块引入基于回归分析的单阶段实例分割网络YOLO (You Only Look Once) v8中对获取的生猪图像进行分割,构建新的识别模型YOLOv8x-Ours,以实现高精度的生猪计数。最后,基于微信公众平台开发微信小程序,并嵌入综合表现最优的生猪计数模型,实现使用智能手机拍摄图像进行生猪快速计数。[结果和讨论]在测试集上的试验结果表明,与现有实例分割模型相比,引入高效全局注意力的YOLOv8x-Ous模型获得66%的平均精度(AP_((50∶95))),平均绝对误差(Mean Absolute Error, MAE)、均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error, RMSE)和R^(2)分别为1.727、2.168和0.949,表现出较高的准确性和稳定性。模型计算猪只数量误差小于3头猪的图像数量占测试图像总数量的93.8%,相比两阶段实例分割算法Mask R-CNN (Region Convolutional Neural Network)提升7.6%;单幅图像平均处理时间仅为64 ms,是Mask R-CNN的1/8。[结论]该方法经济高效,为规模化猪场的生猪计数提供了一种技术方案。

关键词：生猪计数深度学习微信小程序 YOLOv8 实例分割

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Insights into the Formation Mechanism of Low Water Saturation in Longmaxi Shale in the Jiaoshiba Area, Eastern Sichuan Basin

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Journal of Earth Science 2021年第4期32卷 863-871页

作者： yanqi zhang Li Liu School of Geosciences Jilin UniversityChangchun 130061China Daqing Drilling Engineering Company Daqing Oilfield Co.Ltd.Daqing 163458China

Investigating the variation of water content in shale reservoir is important to understand shale gas enrichment and evaluate shale gas resource *** water saturation is widely spread in Longmaxi marine organic-rich *** illustrate the formation mechanism of low water saturation,this paper analyzed water saturation of Longmaxi shale reservoir,restored the history of natural gas carrying water capacity combining homogenization temperature and trapping pressure of fluid inclusion with simulated thermal history,and established a model to explain pore water displaced by natural gas during the thermal *** show that the gas-rich Longmaxi shale reservoir is characterized by low water saturation with measured values ranging from 9.81%to 48.21%and an average value of 28.22%.TOC in high-mature to over-high-mature Longmaxi organic-rich shale is negatively correlated with water saturation,indicating that well-connected organic pores are not available for ***,quartz and clay mineral content are positively correlated with water saturation,which suggests that inorganic-matter-hosted pores are the main storage space for water *** water carrying capacity of natural gas varies as a function of gas generation and expulsion history,which displaces bound and movable water in organic pores that are part of bound and movable water from inorganic *** process can be divided into two *** first phase occurred due to the kerogen degradation into gas at Ro of 1.2%–1.6%with a water carrying capacity of natural gas ranging from 5632.57–7838.73 g/*** second phase occurred during the crude oil cracking into gas at Ro>1.6%with a water carrying capacity of natural gas ranging from 10620.04 and 19480.18 g/*** water displacement associated with natural gas generation and migration resulted in gas filling organic pores and gas-water coexisting in the brittle-mineral-hosted pores and clay-mineral-hosted pores.

关键词： water occurrence shale enrichment shale reservoir Longmaxi shale

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智能电网中的电力设计技术研究

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通信电源技术 2024年第12期41卷 55-57页

作者：宋建磊张延琪山东乐途电力科技有限公司西海岸分公司山东青岛266000 山东格瑞德设计咨询有限公司章丘分公司山东济南250200

在电力行业的数字化、智能化发展趋势下,对智能电网提出了更高的建设要求。为更好地满足新时期大众的用电需求,进一步提高电力企业的电能供应综合水平,需要在智能电网设计、搭建过程中融入现代化的电力设计技术。鉴于此,文章先阐述智能... 详细信息

在电力行业的数字化、智能化发展趋势下,对智能电网提出了更高的建设要求。为更好地满足新时期大众的用电需求,进一步提高电力企业的电能供应综合水平,需要在智能电网设计、搭建过程中融入现代化的电力设计技术。鉴于此,文章先阐述智能电网的优势和性能特征,然后分析现阶段智能电网中主要的电力设计技术,在此基础上,简要介绍电力设计技术支撑下的智能在线监测系统、智能馈线自动化保护系统、智能电网调度系统的设计与应用,旨在为电力设计技术在智能电网中的有效运用提供参考和借鉴,推动我国电力行业的现代化、智能化发展。

关键词：智能电网电力设计技术措施

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