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Factors Promoting Retention of Nurses in Three Private hospitals of Lahore: A Cross Sectional Descriptive Survey

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Open Journal of Nursing 2024年第7期14卷 344-367页

作者： zainab Suleman Najma Balquees Anwar Sadaf Younis Alya Bilquees Anwar Naeema Khan Syed Saemul hassan College of Nursing University of Health Sciences Lahore Lahore Pakistan

Introduction: Pakistan has a large number of professional nurses but a higher rate of turnover contributes towards the shortage of nurses which is intensified by nurses’ immigration, lack of recruitment of new nurses and retirement of senior nurses. Aim: The study aimed at examining the factors that increase retention of nurses. Research Method: The study is descriptive cross sectional with a sample of 150 nurses including both the genders, from 3 private hospitals located in Pakistan. A convenient sampling technique was used. The data collection was done through close ended questionnaires based on 20 questions. Data collection was done quantitatively and then data was entered in SPSS. Correlation and regression tests were performed. Findings: The analysis revealed that 91.3% nurses are loyal to their hospitals but, 8.7%nurses can switch the hospital for different reasons. It was also found that the idea of leaving the job based on the intention of moving to abroad and public sector was higher than the retirement and other causes. Resultantly, enhancements in nurses’ work environments have the ability to decrease nurses’ job burnout and turnover and increase patients’ satisfaction. Recommendations: hospital leaders should implement effective strategies to encourage nurses to continue their job by motivation, strengthening management skills within the hospital and improving a positive work environment by promoting teamwork, continuous learning, trust, respect and flexible arrangements which can lead towards achieving better ***, further studies quantitatively and qualitatively can explore more factors related to dissatisfaction of nurses. health systems policy makers should lead by developing related strategies for the retention of nurses.

关键词： Retention of Nurses Shortage of Nurses Turnover Workforce

Intrusion Detection System Through Deep Learning in Routing MANET Networks

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第7期37卷 269-281页

作者： zainab ali Abbood DoguÇagdaşAtilla Çagatay Aydin Department Electrical and Computer Engineering Altinbas UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department Computer Technology Engineering Al-Esraa UniversityBaghdadIraq Electric Autonomous and Unmanned Vehicles Application and Research CentreAltinbas UniversityIstanbulTurkey Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Altinbas UniversityIstanbulTurkey Department Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ege UniversityIzmirTurkey

Deep learning(DL)is a subdivision of machine learning(ML)that employs numerous algorithms,each of which provides various explanations of the data it consumes;mobile ad-hoc networks(MANET)are growing in *** reasons including node mobility,due to MANET’s potential to provide small-cost solutions for real-world contact challenges,decentralized management,and restricted bandwidth,MANETs are more vulnerable to security *** protecting MANETs from attack,encryption and authentication schemes have their ***,deep learning(DL)approaches in intrusion detection sys-tems(IDS)can adapt to the changing environment of MANETs and allow a sys-tem to make intrusion decisions while learning about its mobility in the *** are a secondary deﬁance system for mobile ad-hoc networks *** since they monitor network trafﬁc and report anything ***,many scientists have employed deep neural networks(DNNs)to address intrusion detection *** paper used MANET to recognize com-plex patterns by focusing on security standards through efﬁciency determination and identifying malicious nodes,and mitigating network attacks using the three algorithms presented Cascading Back Propagation Neural Network(CBPNN),Feedforward-Neural-Network(FNN),and Cascading-Back-Propagation-Neural-Network(CBPNN)(FFNN).In addition to Convolutional-Neural-Network(CNN),these primary forms of deep neural network(DNN)building designs are widely used to improve the performance of intrusion detection systems(IDS)and the use of IDS in conjunction with machine learning(ML).Further-more,machine learning(ML)techniques than their statistical and logical methods provide MANET network learning capabilities and encourage adaptation to differ-ent *** with another current model,The proposed model has better average receiving packet(ARP)and end-to-end(E2E)*** results have been obtained from CBP,FFNN and CNN 74%,82%and 85%,respectively,by the ti

关键词： ARP CBPNN CNN DNN DL E2E FFNN IDS ML MANET security

Numerical Investigation of the Pulsatile Flow of Viscous Fluid in Constricted Wall Channel with Thermal Radiation

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Advances in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 2023年第4期15卷 1001-1022页

作者： Amjad ali zainab Bukhari hamayun Farooq Zaheer Abbas Centre for Advanced Studies in Pure and Applied Mathematics(CASPAM) Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan Department of Mathematics Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur 63100Pakistan

The main theme of the current article is to investigate the heat transfer in the pulsatile flow of an electrically conducting viscous fluid in a constricted channel under the effect of the magnetic field and thermal *** unsteady governing equations simplified for low conducting fluids are solved numerically by finite difference method using stream-vorticity function *** influence of the flow parameters such as the hartmann number(magnetic parameter),Strouhal number(flow pulsation parameter),Prandtl number,and radiation parameter is studied on the relevant flow *** influence of different emerging parameters on the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are examined,as *** general,the profiles are observed to exhibit a relatively more regular pattern upstream of the construction than that downstream of the constriction.

关键词： Constricted channel pulsatileflow thermal radiation magneticﬁeld Strouhal number Prandtl number

The fate of prazosin and levonorgestrel after electrochemical degradation process: Monitoring by-products using LC-TOF/MS

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第12期30卷 134-146页

作者： Fouad Fadhil Al-Qaim zainab haider Mussa ali Yuzir Jalifah Latip Mohamed Rozali Othman Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science for Women University of Babylon School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Centre for Water Research and Analysis (aliR) Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Prazosin（PRZ） and levonorgestrel（LNG） are widely used as an anti-disease drugs due to their biological activity in the human body. The frequent detection of these compounds in water samples requires alternative technologies for the removal of both compounds. After electrochemical degradation of PRZ and LNG, the parent compounds could be completely removed after treatment, but the identification and characterization of by-products are necessary as well. In this study, the effects of NaCl concentration and applied voltage were investigated during the electrochemical degradation process. The results revealed that the increase of NaCl concentration and applied voltage could promote the generation of hypochlorite OCl-and then enhance the degradation of PRZ and LNG. After initial study, 6 V and 0.2 g NaCl were selected for further experiments（96% and 99% removal of PRZ and LNG after 40 min, respectively）. Energy consumption was also evaluated and calculated for PRZ and LNG at 3, 6 and 8 V. Solid phase extraction（SPE） method plays an important role in enhancing the detection limit of by-products. Furthermore, characterization and identification of chlorinated and non-chlorinated by-products were conducted using an accurate liquid chromatography-time of flight/mass spectrometry LC-TOF/MS instrument. The monitoring of products during the electrochemical degradation process was performed at6 V and 0.2 g NaCl in a 50 m L solution. The results indicated that two chlorinated products were formed during the electrochemical process. The toxicity of by-products toward E. coli bacteria was investigated at 37°C and 20 hr incubation time.

关键词： Prazosin Levonorgestrel Electrochemical degradation Solid phase extraction Chlorinated by-products Toxicity

Focus on current and emerging treatment options for glioma:A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第4期15卷 482-495页

作者： Brandon Lucke-Wold Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala Muhammad Ashir Shafique Mohammad Arham Siddiq Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa Fnu Danish Rana Muhammad Umer Nasrullah Noor zainab Abdul haseeb Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32608United States Department of Neurosurgery Jinnah Sindh Medical UniversityKarachi 75510Pakistan Department of Neurosurgery Army Medical CollegeRawalpindi 46000Pakistan

This comprehensive review delves into the current updates and challenges associated with the management of low-grade gliomas(LGG),the predominant primary tumors in the central nervous *** a general incidence rate of 5.81 per 100000,gliomas pose a significant global concern,necessitating advancements in treatment techniques to reduce mortality and *** review places a particular focus on immunotherapies,discussing promising agents such as Zotiraciclib and ***,a CDK9 inhibitor,has demonstrated efficacy in glioblastoma treatment in preclinical and clinical studies,showing its potential as a therapeutic ***,a viral immunotherapy,induces inflammation in glioblastoma and displays positive outcomes in both adult and pediatric *** of immunotherapy extends to Pembrolizumab,Nivolumab,and Entrectinib,revealing the challenges and variabilities in patient *** promising preclinical data,the monoclonal antibody Depatuxizumab has proven ineffective in glioblastoma treatment,emphasizing the critical need to understand resistance *** review also covers the success of radiation therapy in pediatric LGG,with evolving techniques,such as proton therapy,showing potential improvements in patient quality of *** treatment is discussed in the context of achieving a balance between preserving the patient’s quality of life and attaining gross total resection,with the extent of surgical resection significantly influencing the survival *** addition to advancements in cancer vaccine development,this review highlights the evolving landscape of LGG treatment,emphasizing a shift toward personalized and targeted *** research is essential for refining strategies and enhancing outcomes in the management of LGG.

关键词： Low-grade gliomas Monoclonal antibody Lerapolturev Glioblastoma CDK9 inhibitor

Contemporary nationwide trends in major adverse cardiovascular events in young cannabis users without concomitant tobacco,alcohol,cocaine use

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World Journal of Cardiology 2024年第9期16卷 512-521页

作者： Rupak Desai Priyatham Gurram Adil S Mohammed Rishabh B Salian Shanmukh Sai Pavan Lingamsetty Sandeep Guntuku Ravi Venkata Sai Krishna Medarametla Rawnak Jahan zainab Muslehuddin Paritharsh Ghantasala Department of Outcomes Research Independent ResearcherAtlantaGA 30033United States Department of Internal Medicine Central Michigan University College of MedicineSaginawMI 48602United States Department of Medicine Kasturba Medical CollegeMangalore 575001India Department of Medicine Mamata Medical CollegeKhammam 507002India Department of Medicine Bangladesh Medical CollegeDhaka 110015Bangladesh Department of Internal Medicine Wayne State UniversitySinai Grace HospitalDetroit Medical CenterDetroitMI 48201United States

BACKGROUND Cannabis use has increased among young individuals in recent *** dependent cannabis use disorder(CUD)has been associated with various cardiac events,its effects on young adults without concurrent substance use remain *** To examine trends in hospitalizations for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events(MACCE)in this *** used the National Inpatient Sample(2016-2019)to identify hospitalized young individuals(18-44 years),excluding those with concurrent substance usage(tobacco,alcohol,and cocaine).They were divided into CUD+and CUD-.Using International Classification of Diseases-10 codes,we examined the trends in MACCE hospitalizations,including all-cause mortality(ACM),acute myocardial infarction(AMI),cardiac arrest(CA),and acuteischemic stroke(AIS).RESULTSOf 27.4 million hospitalizations among young adults without concurrent substance abuse,4.2%(1.1 million)hadco-existent *** CUD+group,hospitalization rates for MACCE(1.71%vs 1.35%),AMI(0.86%vs 0.54%),CA(0.27%vs 0.24%),and AIS(0.49%vs 0.35%)were higher than in CUD-group(Phowever,rate of ACMhospitalizations was lower in CUD+group(0.30%vs 0.44%).From 2016 to 2019,CUD+group experienced arelative rise of 5%in MACCE and 20%in AMI hospitalizations,compared to 22%and 36%increases in CUDgroup(Phe CUD+group had a 13%relative decrease in ACM hospitalizations,compared to a 10%relative rise in CUD-group(Phowever,when adjusted for confounders,MACCE odds among CUD+cohort remain comparable between 2016 and *** CUD+group had higher rates of MACCE,but the rising trends were more apparent in the CUD-group ***,the CUD+group had lower ACM rates than the CUD-group.

关键词： Cannabis Major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events Myocardial infarction Cardiac arrest Stroke Allcause mortality Young adults Trends

Molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma ovis in sheep and goat in west highland pasture of Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 455-459页

作者： ali Yousefi Sadegh Rahbari Parviz Shayan zainab Sadeghi-dehkordi alireza Bahonar Department of Microbiology Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad University Department of Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Tehran Department of Parasitology Faculty of Paraveterinary MedicineBu-Ali Sina University Department of Food hygiene and Quality Control Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Tehran

Objective:To determine the prevalence of Anaplasma marginale(***) and Anaplasma ovis from sheep and goat in different highland pasture in west of ***:From July 2015 to October 2015,370 blood samples of sheep and goat were collected from different regions in hamedan province,*** DNA extracted from blood and subsequently,16 S r RNA and MSP4 genes were analyzed by nested-PCR,semi nested-PCR and RFLP ***:In the PCR assessment,overall 27.5%(102/370) of sheep and goat were positive for Anaplasma ovis and *** infection,which was lower than reports from tropical and subtropical regions of *** analysis(the Chi-square test) did not show any significant relation between infection and variables such as location,tick infestation age and sex(P > 0.05).No significant correlation between the altitude and the Anaplasma species infection was found(Mann–Whitney test:P > 0.05).however,Anaplasma infection in goat significantly is more than the sheep(P = 0.008).Conclusions:The ecological changes affect the frequency and distribution of Anaplasma ***,our results indicate that sheep as potential reservoirs of ***.

关键词： Anaplasma PCR Sheep Goat Iran

Artificial Intelligence Based Reliable Load Balancing Framework in Software-Defined Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 251-266页

作者： Mohammad Riyaz Belgaum Fuead ali zainab Alansari Shahrulniza Musa Muhammad Mansoor Alam M.S.Mazliham Malaysian Institute of Information Technology Universiti Kuala LumpurKuala Lumpur50250Malaysia Majan University College Muscat710Oman Institute of Business Management KarachiPakistan Malaysia France Institute Universiti Kuala LumpurKuala Lumpur43650Malaysia

Software-defined networking(SDN)plays a critical role in transforming networking from traditional to intelligent *** increasing demand for services from cloud users has increased the load on the *** efficient system must handle various loads and increasing needs representing the relationships and dependence of businesses on automated measurement systems and guarantee the quality of service(QoS).Themultiple paths from source to destination give a scope to select an optimal path by maintaining an equilibrium of load using some best ***,the requests need to be transferred to reliable network *** address SDN’s current and future challenges,there is a need to know how artificial intelligence(AI)optimization techniques can efficiently balance the *** study aims to explore two artificial intelligence optimization techniques,namely Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)and Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO),used for load balancing in ***,we identified that a modification to the existing optimization technique could improve the performance by using a reliable link and node to form the path to reach the target node and improve load ***,we propose a conceptual framework for SDN futurology by evaluating node and link reliability,which can balance the load efficiently and improve QoS in SDN.

关键词： Ant colony optimization load balancing particle swarm optimization quality of service reliability software-defined networking

Evaluation of modifi ed Alvarado scoring system and RIPASA scoring system as diagnostic tools of acute appendicitis

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2017年第4期8卷 276-280页

作者： Abdullah Shuaib ali Shuaib zainab Fakhra Bader Marafi Khalid Alsharaf Abdullah Behbehani Department of Surgery Kuwait Mubarak Alkabeer Hospital Jabriya Kuwait Biomedical Engineering Unit Physiology Department Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University Kuwait City Kuwait MD in internship year Kuwait Institute of Medical Specialization Kuwait City Kuwait Department of Surgery Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University Kuwait City Kuwait

BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis is the most common surgical condition presented in emergency departments worldwide. Clinical scoring systems, such as the Alvarado and modified Alvarado scoring systems, were developed with the goal of reducing the negative appendectomy rate to 5%–10%. The Raja Isteri Pengiran Anak Saleha Appendicitis(RIPASA) scoring system was established in 2008 specif ically for Asian populations. The aim of this study was to compare the modif ied Alvarado with the RIPASA scoring system in Kuwait ***: This study included 180 patients who underwent appendectomies and were documented as having "acute appendicitis" or "abdominal pain" in the operating theatre logbook(unit B) from November 2014 to March 2016. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), negative predictive value(NPV), diagnostic accuracy, predicted negative appendectomy and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of the modified Alvarado and RIPASA scoring systems were derived using SPSS statistical ***: A total of 136 patients were included in this study according to our criteria. The cut-off threshold point of the modif ied Alvarado score was set at 7.0, which yielded a sensitivity of 82.8% and a specif icity of 56%. The PPV was 89.3% and the NPV was 42.4%. The cut-off threshold point of the RIPASA score was set at 7.5, which yielded a 94.5% sensitivity and an 88% specif icity. The PPV was 97.2% and the NPV was 78.5%. The predicted negative appendectomy rates were 10.7% and 2.2% for the modif ied Alvarado and RIPASA scoring systems, respectively. The negative appendectomy rate decreased significantly, from 18.4% to 10.7% for the modified Alvarado, and to 2.2% for the RIPASA scoring system, which was a signif icant difference(Ph scoring ***: Based on the results of this study, the RIPASA score is a simple scoring system with better sensitivity and specif icity than the modif ied Alvarado scoring system in A

关键词： Acute appendicitis Modifi ed Alvarado score RIPASA score