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High-resolution two-photon polymerization:the most versatile technique for the fabrication of microneedle arrays

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第5期7卷 1-17页

作者： zahra faraji rad Philip D.Prewett Graham J.Davies School of Mechanical and Elearical Engineering University of Southern QueenslandSpringfield CentralQLD 4300Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK Oxacus Ltd Dorchester-on-Thames 0X107HNUK Faculty of Engineering UNSW AustraliaKensingtonNSW 2052Australia College of Engineering and Physical Sciences School of EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

Microneedle patches have received much interest in the last two decades as drug/vaccine delivery or fluid sampling systems for diagnostic and monitoring *** are manufactured using a variety of additive and subtractive micromanufacturing *** the last decade,much attention has been paid to using additive manufacturing techniques in both research and industry,such as 3D printing,fused deposition modeling,inkjet printing,and two-photon polymerization(2PP),with 2PP being the most flexible method for the fabrication of microneedle arrays.2PP is one of the most versatile and precise additive manufacturing processes,which enables the fabrication of arbitrary three-dimensional(3D)prototypes directly from computer-aided-design(CAD)models with a resolution down to 100 *** to its unprecedented flexibility and high spatial resolution,the use of this technology has been widespread for the fabrication of bio-microdevices and bio-nanodevices such as microneedles and microfluidic *** is a pioneering transformative technology that facilitates the fabrication of complex miniaturized structures that cannot be fabricated with established multistep manufacturing methods such as injection molding,photolithography,and ***,microstructures are designed according to structural and fluid dynamics considerations rather than the manufacturing constraints imposed by methods such as machining or etching *** article presents the fundamentals of 2PP and the recent development of microneedle array fabrication through 2PP as a precise and unique method for the manufacture of microstructures,which may overcome the shortcomings of conventional manufacturing processes.

关键词： resolution needle additive

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High-fidelity replication of thermoplastic microneedles with open microfluidic channels

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2017年第1期3卷 96-106页

作者： zahra faraji rad Robert E.Nordon Carl J.Anthony Lynne Bilston Philip D.Prewett Ji-Youn Arns Christoph H.Arns Liangchi Zhang Graham J.Davies Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia School of Mechanical Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia Prince of Wales Clinical School University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia School of Petroleum Engineering University of New South WalesSydneyNSW 2052Australia

Development of microneedles for unskilled and painless collection of blood or drug delivery addresses the quality of healthcare through early intervention at *** with submicron to millimeter features have been fabricated from materials such as metals,silicon,and polymers by subtractive machining or ***,to date,large-scale manufacture of hollow microneedles has been limited by the cost and complexity of microfabrication *** paper reports a novel manufacturing method that may overcome the complexity of hollow microneedle *** microneedles with open microfluidic channels are fabricated by laser *** replicas are manufactured from these templates by soft-embossing with high fidelity at submicron *** manufacturing advantages are(a)direct printing from computeraided design(CAD)drawing without the constraints imposed by subtractive machining or etching processes,(b)high-fidelity replication of prototype geometries with multiple reuses of elastomeric molds,(c)shorter manufacturing time compared to three-dimensional stereolithography,and(d)integration of microneedles with open-channel *** work will address development of open-channel microfluidics for drug delivery,fluid sampling and analysis.

关键词： drug delivery laser lithography microneedles point-of-care diagnostics soft embossing

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Mineralization, Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Saheb Fe-Cu Deposit of Saqqez (Kurdestan), NW Iran

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Open Journal of Geology 2018年第5期8卷 514-528页

作者： zahra Zandi Alireza Jafari rad Arash Gourabjeripour Mohammad Lotfi Department of Geology Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Department of Geology Myianeh Branch Islamic Azad University Myianeh Iran Department of Geology North Tehran Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran

The Saheb Fe-Cu skarn deposit is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan metamorphic belt, SE Saqqez, western Iran and has been formed along the contact between the Oligo-Miocene aged Saheb granitoid and the Permian aged impure calcareous rocks and includes endoskarn and exoskarn. Exoskarn is widely developed and includes garnet and epidote skarn zones. The majority of mineralized zones are concentrated in garnet skarn. The relatively oxidizing mineralogical assemblage of the Saheb skarn includes garnet (andradite-grossular), pyroxene (diopside-hedenbergite), magnetite and hematite. Magnetite is the main and abundant ore mineral throughout the ore deposit. Based on field evidences and microscopic studies of skarn zone samples, two stages of prograde and retrograde alteration are distinguishable. According to the results of sample analysis of Saheb skarn intrusive body by XRF and ICP-MS techniques, the combination of this body is chiefly granite to granodiorite-diorite and belongs to the I-type granitoids, metaluminous and K-rich calc-alkaline series. The Saheb granitoid is related to the VAG (Volcanic Arc Granite) tectonic setting.

关键词： Iran Saqqez Saheb Deposit Iron Skarn Metasomatism Magnetite

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Nanotechnology:fundamental research to product development

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Engineering Sciences 2012年第5期10卷 42-44页

作者： Graham J Davie zahra F rad Carl Anthony Philip Prewett Jing Peng Robert Nordon The University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2025 Australi The University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

The concept of an integrated "lab on a chip" has long been a goal for the micro-electro-mechanical-systems(MEMS) *** would entail the integration of not only the sampling and analysis of various functions,but also the ability to transmit this information off the chip to a central *** paper describes the initial steps in the fabrication of a "lab on a chip" which would continually analyze blood sampled via microneedles using techniques such as nano plasmonics,specifically,concentrations of *** analysis could then be transmitted off the chip using digital signal *** paper describes the analysis and optimization of the microneedle shape and size and the fabrication of the resulting needles in silicon using deep reactive ion etching(DRIE).The paper also describes the opportunities for fabrication of such needles in alternative materials and describes the issues that still have to be overcome before such an integrated device is realized.

关键词：纳米技术产品开发基础研究数字信号处理反应离子蚀刻微机电系统葡萄糖浓度 MEMS

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Al-Si-Cu-Zn-X(X=Bi,Sb,Sr)压铸铝合金的显微组织、力学性能和腐蚀行为（英文）

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2016年第1期26卷 28-38页

作者： Saeed FARAHANY Ali OURDJ1NI Hamid Reza BAKHSHESHI-rad Department of Materials and Mechanical Engineering Buein Zahra Technical UniversityQazvin 345 1745346Iran Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of OttawaOttawa161 Louis PasteurKIN 6N5Canada Department of Materials Manufacturing and Industrial EngineeringFaculty of Mechanical EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)Johor Bahru 81310Malaysia

研究经Bi、Sb和Sr改性的Al-11Si-2Cu-0.80Zn压铸铝合金的显微组织演变、力学性能和腐蚀行为。力学性能测试结果表明,Bi、Sb和Sr的添加引起合金中共晶Si形貌发生改变,从而使合金的冲击韧性、极限抗拉强度和伸长率增加。断裂表面分析结果... 详细信息

研究经Bi、Sb和Sr改性的Al-11Si-2Cu-0.80Zn压铸铝合金的显微组织演变、力学性能和腐蚀行为。力学性能测试结果表明,Bi、Sb和Sr的添加引起合金中共晶Si形貌发生改变,从而使合金的冲击韧性、极限抗拉强度和伸长率增加。断裂表面分析结果表明,添加Sr或少量Bi和Sb,合金表面呈韧性断裂,而非准解理脆性断裂。此外,添加Sr、Bi和Sb后,合金的质量指标由基体合金的102 MPa分别增加到164.7 MPa、156.3 MPa和152.6 MPa。在Na Cl溶液中的极化腐蚀测试结果表明,分别添加Sb、Bi和Sr后,合金的腐蚀电位负移。浸泡腐蚀实验结果表明,由于Al和Si共晶相界面的增加,Sb、Bi和Sr元素的添加对合金的腐蚀速率具有决定性作用。

关键词：压铸铝合金熔体处理力学性能断裂腐蚀

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Thermal Characteristics,Mechanical Properties,In Vitro Degradation and Cytotoxicity of Novel Biodegradable Zn-Al-Mg and Zn-Al-Mg-xBi Alloys

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2017年第3期30卷 201-211页

作者： H.R.Bakhsheshi-rad E.Hamzah H.T.Low M.H.Cho M.Kasiri-Asgarani S.Farahany A.Mostafas M.Medraj Advanced Materials Research Center Department of Materials Engineering Najafabad Branch Islamic Azad University Najafabad Iran Department of Materials Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia Research and Development Centre KISWIRE Sdn. BhdJohor Bahru Johor Malaysia Department of Materials and Mechanical Engineering Buein Zahra Technical University Qazvin *** Iran Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Masdar Institute of Science and TechnologyP. O. Box: 54224 Masdar City Abu Dhabi UAE Department of Mechanical Engineering Concordia University 1455 De Maisonneuve Blvd. West Montreal QCH3G 1MS Canada

Ternary Zn-0.5A1-0.5Mg and quatemary Zn-0.5A1-0.5Mg-xBi （x = 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5） alloys were studied to evaluate the thermal and structural characteristics, mechanical properties, cytotoxicity and in vitro degradation behavior. Thermal analysis and microstructural observations showed that Zn-0.5A1-0.5Mg is composed of FCC-A1 ＋ HCP- Zn ＋ Mg2（Zn,A1）ll while a new phase a-Mg3Bi2 appeared after the addition of Bi to the Zn-0.5A1-0.5Mg ternary alloy. The results revealed that the quaternary Zn-A1-Mg-Bi alloys have higher tensile strength, elongation and hardness but slightly lower corrosion resistance than those of the temary Zn-AI-Mg alloy. Based on the MTT assay, the Zn-A1-Mg and Zn-A1-Mg-Bi alloys were found to be biocompatible, and thus, they can be considered for further investigation in an in vivo environment.

关键词： Zn-AI-Mg-Bi Microstructure Mechanical property Corrosion Cytotoxicity

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Assessment Slope Stability Based on Deformation of Rock Joints and Soil with Simulation Method

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Open Journal of Geology 2016年第9期6卷 983-995页

作者： Mohsen Damani Gol Hamed A. Keykha Jafar Rahnama-rad Department of Geology Zahedan Branch Islamic Azad University Zahedan Iran Department of Civil Engineering Buein Zahra Technical University Buein Zahra Iran

The first area is rock instability in conglomerates walls, and the second area is soil instability in a slope composed of sand gravel and shale in the south of the study area. In the first area, rock slopes were studied by fractures condition, slope morphology, measured engineering features of rocks, and then interpreted by Dips software to define the fracture types for analysis of block toppling. The rock slope of the area was modeled by Rock plan by adding water penetration and earthquake. The results showed that in dry condition these slopes were stable, but by penetrating water and saturation of the open spaces of the fractures, the block toppling will occur. Also, seismic activities in the area caused the instability of the slopes, and landslide will happen. In the second area, landslides were spoon-shaped type. To investigate the soil slope stability, the condition of slope was modeled by using soil engineering properties and measuring the morphological condition of the slope such as slope dip, layers thickness, layers dip and slope elevation. It was shown instability of the soil slopes. To stabilize the sliding areas, the dip changing method and formation of stepped-style slope were done. However, the new condition changed the formation of sliding areas in the upper most part of the stairs. The retaining walls formed from the local materials were applied to the slope to provide the desire stability.

关键词： Soil Instability Kinematic Studies Top Ling Rock Plan

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