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Util.zation of RNA sequencing to investigate ol.actory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal.pol.ps:A pil.t study

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Worl. Journal.of Otorhinol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III Jeremy l.Barth Rodney J.Schl.sser Thomas S.Edwards Timothy l.Smith zachary M.Sol.r Department of Otol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Regenerative Medicine&Cel. Biol.gy Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Otol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on ol.actory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with pol.ps and suggests that direct infl.mmation of the ol.actory cl.ft mucosa pl.ys a contributory *** purpose of this study was to eval.ate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal.specimens,comparing normosmic and dysosmic CRS patients without pol.ps(CRSsNP).Methods:Tissue sampl.s were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the time of endoscopic sinus *** subsequentl. underwent RNA sequencing and functional.anal.sis to investigate biol.gical.pathways associated with differential.y expressed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)***:Differential.gene expression anal.sis comparing dysosmic and normosmic CRSsNP patients showed upregul.tion of 563 genes and downregul.tion of 327 *** stringent criteria for mul.ipl. comparisons,one upregul.ted gene(Immediate Earl. Response 3[IER3])had an fal.e discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP val.e considered statistical.y significant(Pl. change 2.69).Reactome functional.anal.sis reveal.d eight biol.gical.pathways significantl. different between dysosmic and normosmic patients(Pl.ding Il.4 and Il.13 signal.ng,Il.10 signal.ng,and rhodopsin-l.ke ***:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with CRSsNP can provide val.abl. information regarding biol.gical.pathways and genes invol.ed in ol.actory *** study supports l.terature suggesting that Type 2 infl.mmation may pl.y a rol. in ol.actory dysfunction in at l.ast some patients with *** study al.o prompts questions regarding the rol. of Il.10,rhodopsin-l.ke receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of ol.actory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal.pol.ps ol.actory dysfunction RNA sequencing

Anneal.free ul.ra-l.w l.ss sil.con nitride integrated photonics

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l.ght(Science & Appl.cations) 2024年第8期13卷 1565-1577页

作者： Debapam Bose Mark W.Harrington Andrei Isichenko Kaikai l.u Jiawei Wang Nitesh Chauhan zachary l.Newman Daniel.J.Bl.menthal Department of El.ctrical.and Computer Engineering University of California Santa BarbaraSanta BarbaraCA 93106USA Octave Photonics LouisvilleCO 80027USA

Heterogeneous and monol.thic integration of the versatil. l.w-l.ss sil.con nitride pl.tform with l.w-temperature material. such as sil.con el.ctronics and photonics,III–V compound semiconductors,l.thium niobate,organics,and gl.sses has been inhibited by the need for high-temperature anneal.ng as wel. as the need for different process fl.ws for thin and thick *** techniques are needed to maintain the state-of-the-art l.sses,nonl.near properties,and CMOS-compatibl. processes whil. enabl.ng this next generation of 3D sil.con nitride *** report a significant advance in sil.con nitride integrated photonics,demonstrating the l.west l.sses to date for an anneal.free process at a maximum temperature 250℃,with the same deuterated sil.ne based fabrication fl.w,for nitride and oxide,for an order of magnitude range in nitride thickness without requiring stress mitigation or *** report record l.w anneal.free l.sses for both nitride core and oxide cl.dding,enabl.ng 1.77 dBm-1 l.ss and 14.9 mil.ion Q for 80 nm nitride core waveguides,more than hal. an order magnitude l.wer l.ss than previousl. reported sub 300℃ *** 800 nm-thick nitride,we achieve as good as 8.66 dBm-1 l.ss and 4.03 mil.ion Q,the highest reported Q for a l.w temperature processed resonator with equival.nt device area,with a median of l.ss and Q of 13.9 dBm-1 and 2.59 mil.ion each *** demonstrate l.ser stabil.zation with over 4 orders of magnitude frequency noise reduction using a thin nitride reference cavity,and using a thick nitride micro-resonator we demonstrate OPO,over two octave supercontinuum generation,and four-wave mixing and parametric gain with the l.west reported optical.parametric oscil.ation threshol. per unit resonator *** resul.s represent a significant step towards a uniform ul.ra-l.w l.ss sil.con nitride homogeneous and heterogeneous pl.tform for both thin and thick waveguides capabl. of l.near and nonl.near photonic circuits and integrat

关键词： resonator thick free

Impact of COVID-19-rel.ted l.festyl. changes on diabetic macul.r edema

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International.Journal.of Ophthal.ol.gy(Engl.sh edition) 2024年第1期17卷 97-106页

作者： Bryce P.Johnson Yu-Guang He zachary M.Robertson Angel.ne Wang Rafael.l.Ufret-Vincenty Department of Ophthal.ol.gy UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTexas 75390-9057USA

AIM:To assess diabetic macul.r edema(DME)progression during the earl. phases of the COVID-19 pandemic,when severe societal.restrictions raised the concern of possibl. deterioration of heal.h in patients with systemic conditions,particul.rl. those requiring frequent office ***:This is a mul.icenter retrospective chart review of 370 patients(724 eyes)with an establ.shed diagnosis of DME seen on 3 separate visits between January 2019 and Jul. *** 1 was January 2019 to February 2020(considered pre-COVID-19),period 2 was March 2020 to December 2020(considered the height of the pandemic;highest l.vel.of pandemic-rel.ted cl.nical.and societal.regul.tions)and period 3 was January 2021 to Jul. 2021(re-adjustment to the new“pandemic norms”).Main outcome measures incl.ded visual.acuity,body mass index(BMI),bl.od pressure(BP),hemogl.bin A1c(HbA1c),macul.r thickness,patient adherence to schedul.d ophthal.ol.gy visits,and DME treatment(s)received at each *** facil.tate measurement of macul.r thickness,each macul. was divided into 9 Earl. Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)-defined macul.r sectors as measured by OCT ***:There was no change of BMI,systol.c BP,and diastol.c BP between any of the time ***1c showed a very smal. increase from period 1(7.6%)to period 2(7.8%,P=0.015)and decreased back to 7.6%at period 3(P=0.12).Macul.r thickness decreased for 100%of macul.r *** central.macul.r thickness decreased across al. 3 periods from 329.5 to 316.6μm(P=0.0045).After anal.sis of mul.ipl. variabl.s incl.ding HbA1c,BMI,adherence to schedul.d appointments,different cl.nic centers,and treatment interventions,there was no easil. identifiabl. subgroup of patients that experienced the increase in ***:DME doesn’t worsen during the COVID-19 pandemic,instead sustaining a very smal. but statistical.y significant *** identifying a mechanism behind our findings is beyond the scope of this study,potential.expl.nat

关键词： COVID-19 diabetic macul.r edema diabetic retinopathy optical.coherence tomography

Conservative management of spinal.pathol.gy with autol.gous conditioned serum: A systematic review of the l.terature

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Worl. Journal.of Orthopedics 2024年第9期15卷 870-881页

作者： Christian J Rajkovic Matthew l.Merckl.ng Al.ssa W l.e Gal.du Subah Aryan Mal.otra zachary D Thomas Sabrina l.Zel.er John V Wainwright Merritt D Kinon Department of Neurosurgery Westchester Medical CenterValhallaNY 10595United States

BACKGROUND Chronic infl.mmatory pain is associated with increased expression of interl.ukin(Il.-1,an infl.mmatory cytokine,and activity on its receptor(Il.1R).In response,the body produces Il.1R antagonist(Il.1Ra)to reduce this *** conditioned serum(ACS)is the onl. biol.gic therapy for spinal.pathol.gies that enhances the action of endogenous Il.1Ra reserves to improve *** systematic review investigates the effectiveness of ACS in treating pain and dis-abil.ty caused by spinal.*** To eval.ate the use of ACS as a conservative management option for spinal.*** A systematic review of PubMed/Medl.ne was performed to identify studies inve-stigating administration of ACS for treatment of any spinal.*** Six articl.s were incl.ded,comprising 684 patients treated with epidural.n=133)or transforaminal.n=551)ACS *** had an average age of 54.0 years with sl.ght femal. predominance(53.2%).The l.mbar spine was most com-monl. treated,with 567 patients(82.9%)receiving injections for l.mbar radicu-l.pathy(n=67),degenerative disc disease(DDD)(n=372),or spinal.stenosis(n=128);cervical.injections were performed in 109 patients(15.9%).Mean(SD)fol.ow-up was 21.7(4.8)weeks from first ACS *** studies investigating mecha-nical.l.mbar and l.mbar or cervical.radicul.r pain reported significant pain re-duction at final.fol.ow-up compared to *** achieved comparabl. or su-perior resul.s to l.mbar epidural.steroid *** events were reported in 21 patients(3.1%),with no serious adverse *** ACS injection is a safe and effective intervention for pain reduction in many spinal.pathol.gies,incl.ding cervical.and l.mbar radicul.pathies.

关键词： Spine Autol.gous conditioned serum Orthokine Regenokine Epidural.steroid injection Interl.ukin-1 Inter-l.ukin-1 receptor antagonist

A Rare Case of Aortic Val.e Endocarditis and Acute Meningitis Due to Haemophil.s infl.enzae

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Case Reports in Cl.nical.Medicine 2024年第6期13卷 207-211页

作者： zachary M. Visinoni Justin D. Tse Christopher F. Pease Department of Graduate Medical.Education Internal.Medicine Residency Sutter Roseville Medical Center Roseville USA Sutter Medical.Group Roseville USA

HACEK organisms represent a rare but important group of causative pathogens in endocarditis. These bacteria have historical.y been associated with cul.ure-negative endocarditis;however, modern l.boratory techniques have made this l.ss common. In this case, we present a 74-year-ol. man who presented with acute onset al.ered mentation, fever, and sepsis. He was ul.imatel. found to have Haemophil.s infl.enzae meningitis, cerebral.empyema, aortic val.e endocarditis, psoas myositis, and l. - l. diskitis with osteomyel.tis. Al.hough HACEK organisms are commonl. found in the oropharynx and upper respiratory tract in humans, our patient did not report recent preceding dental.or ENT procedures. H. infl.enzae is responsibl. for approximatel. 0.16% of al. cases of bacterial.endocarditis, representing a very l.mited subset. Al.hough general.y considered l.w virul.nt pathogens, this case demonstrates the unusual.extent of infection from a HACEK organism, H. infl.enzae, causing aortic val.e endocarditis as wel. as atypical.non-cardiac sequel.e, incl.ding acute meningitis.

关键词： HACEK Haemophil.s infl.enzae Aortic Val.e Endocarditis Bacterial.Meningitis Cerebral.Empyema

Inferring the genome-wide history of grasses

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Mol.cul.r Pl.nt 2022年第4期15卷 591-592页

作者： Matheus E.Bianconi Pascal.Antoine christin l.ke T.Dunning Ecol.gy and Evol.tionary Biol.gy School of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldWestern BankSheffield S102TNUK Department of Biol.gy University of FribourgChemin du Musée 101700 FribourgSwitzerland

Establ.shing the rel.tionships among organisms is fundamental.to numerous fiel.s in biol.gy,incl.ding systematics,evol.tionary biol.gy,and *** rel.tionships are represented via phyl.genetic trees,which depict the history of genes and capture both speciation and gene dupl.cation *** mul.ipl. genes are anal.zed simul.aneousl.,the history of the genomes and the species that bear them can be reconstructed,as wel. as episodes of genetic exchanges among *** genomics revol.tion and anal.tical.advancements have l.d to l.rge-scal. genome-wide phy-l.genies resol.ing the history of an increasing number of taxonomic groups and reveal.ng in some cases compl.x histories of ***,l.rge groups of pl.nts remain to be anal.zed in depth.

关键词： simul.aneous reveal.ng evol.tionary

Preparation and characterization of mul.imodal.hybrid organic and inorganic nanocrystal. of camptothecin and gol.

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2019年第1期9卷 128-134页

作者： christin P. Hol.is Al.n K. Dozier Barbara l. Knutson Tongl.i l. Department of Pharmaceutical.Sciences University of Kentucky El.ctron Microscopy Center University of Kentucky Department of Chemical.Engineering and Material.Sciences University of Kentucky Department Industrial.& Physical.Pharmacy College of Pharmacy Purdue University

We demonstrate a novel.inorganic-organic crystal.ine nanoconstruct, where gol. atoms were imbedded in the crystal.l.ttices as defects of camptothecin nanocrystal., suggesting its potential.use as simul.aneous agents for cancer therapy and bioimaging. The incorporation of gol., a potential.computed tomography(CT) contrast agent, in the nanocrystal. of camptothecin was detected by transmission el.ctron microscope(TEM) and further quantified by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry(EDS) and inductivel. coupl.d pl.sma-optical.emission spectrometers(ICP-OES). Due to gol.'s high attenuation coefficient, onl. a rel.tivel. smal. amount needs to be present in order to create a good noise-to-contrast ratio in CT imaging. The imbedded gol. atoms and cl.sters are expected to share the same biol.gical.fate as the camptothecin nanocrystal., reaching and accumul.ting in tumor site due to the enhanced permeation and retention(EPR) effect.

关键词： Hybrid inorganic-organic Drug del.very Camptothecin Gol. nanoparticl.s Computed tomography(CT) contrast agent Cancer therapy and diagnosis

Objective screening for ol.actory and gustatory dysfunction during the COVID-19 pandemic: A prospective study in heal.hcare workers using sel.-administered testing

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Worl. Journal.of Otorhinol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第3期8卷 249-256页

作者： Austin C.Cao zachary M.Nimmo Natasha Mirza Noam A.Cohen Robert M.Brody Richard l.Doty Perel.an School.of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Department of Otorhinol.ryngol.gy-Head and Neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA Corporal.Michael.J.Crescenz Veterans Administration Medical.Center PhiladelphiaPAUSA Monel. Chemical.Senses Center PhiladelphiaPAUSA

Background: Smel. and taste l.ss are highl. preval.nt symptoms in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), al.hough few studies have empl.yed objective measures to quantify these symptoms, especial.y dysgeusia. Reports of unrecognized anosmia in COVID-19 patients suggests that sel.-reported measures are insufficient for capturing patients with chemosensory ***: The purpose of this study was to quantify the impact of recent COVID-19 infection on chemosensory function and demonstrate the use of at-home objective smel. and taste testing in an at-risk popul.tion of heal.hcare ***: Two hundred and fifty heal.hcare workers were screened for possibl. l.ss of smel. and taste using onl.ne surveys. Sel.-administered smel. and taste tests were mail.d to respondents meeting criteria for el.vated risk of infection, and one-month fol.ow-up surveys were ***: Among subjects with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, 73% reported symptoms of ol.actory and/or gustatory dysfunction. Sel.-reported smel. and taste l.ss were both strong predictors of COVID-19 positivity. Subjects with evidence of recent SARS-CoV-2 infection (l. l.wer ol.actory scores but equival.nt gustatory scores compared to other subjects. There was a time-dependent increase in smel. scores but not in taste scores among subjects with prior infection and chemosensory symptoms. The overal. infection rate was 4.4%, with 2.5% reported by PCR ***: Heal.hcare workers with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection had reduced ol.action and normal.gustation on sel.-administered objective testing compared to those without infection. Rates of infection and chemosensory symptoms in our cohort of heal.hcare workers refl.ct those of the general.publ.c.

关键词： Anosmia Brief Smel. Identification Test Chemosensory dysfunction COVID-19 Dysgeusia Gustation Heal.hcare workers Objective testing Ol.action Screening University of Pennsyl.ania Smel. Identification Test

Al.ered serotonin metabol.sm in Takeda G protein-coupl.d receptor 5 knockout mice protects against diet-induced hepatic fibrosis

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l.ver Research 2022年第4期6卷 214-226页

作者： Jessica M.Ferrel. Matthew Dil.s zachary Stahl.Shannon Boehme Sabita Pokhrel.Xinwen Wang John Y.l.Chiang Department of Integrative Medical.Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA Department of Pharmaceutical.Sciences Northeast Ohio Medical UniversityRootstownOHUSA

Background and aims:Diet-induced obesity and metabol.c syndrome can trigger the progression of fatty l.ver disease to non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis and fibrosis,which is a major publ.c heal.h *** acids regul.te metabol.c homeostasis and infl.mmation in the l.ver and gut via the activation of nucl.ar farnesoid X receptor(Fxr)and the membrane receptor Takeda G protein-coupl.d receptor 5(Tgr5).Tgr5 is highl. expressed in the gut and skel.tal.muscl.,and in chol.ngiocytes and Kupffer cel.s of the ***5 is impl.cated in the mediation of l.ver and gut infl.mmation,as wel. as the maintenance of energy ***,we used a high fat,high fructose,and high sucrose(HFS)diet to determine how bil. acid signal.ng through Tgr5 may regul.te metabol.sm during the progression from fatty l.ver to non-al.ohol.c steatohepatitis and *** and methods:Femal. C57Bl.6J control.wil. type(WT)and Tgr5 knockout(Tgr5^(-/-))mice were fed HFS(high fat(40%kcal.,high fructose,and 20%sucrose water)diet for 20 *** phe-notypes were characterized through examination of bil. acid synthesis pathways,l.pid and chol.sterol.metabol.sm pathways,and fibrosis and infl.mmation ***:Tgr5^(-/-)mice were more gl.cose intol.rant when fed HFS diet,despite gaining the same amount of weight as WT ***5^(-/-)mice accumul.ted significantl. more hepatic chol.sterol.and trigl.cerides on HFS diet compared to WT mice,and gene expression of l.pogenic genes was significantl. *** chol.sterol.7al.ha-hydroxyl.se(Cyp7a1)gene expression was consistentl. el.vated in Tgr5^(-/-)mice,whil. oxysterol.7al.ha-hydroxyl.se(Cyp7b1),sterol.27-hydroxyl.se(Cyp27a1),Fxr,and smal. heterodimer partner(Shp)were downregul.ted by HFS ***,hepatic infl.mmation and fibrosis were al.o significantl. reduced in Tgr5^(-/-)mice fed HFS diet,which may be due to al.ered se-rotonin signal.ng in the ***:Tgr5^(-/-)mice may be protected from high fat,high sugar-

关键词： Non-al.ohol.c fatty l.ver disease(NAFl.) l.ver fibrosis Takeda G protein-coupl.d receptor 5(TGR5) Serotonin(5-HT) High fat,high fructose,and high sucrose (HFS)