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流域水力侵蚀碳汇效应对土壤碳流失的平衡作用

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第6期54卷 2050-2064页

作者：王凌霞聂小东李嘉奇刘窑军王惠李雅喆李忠武湖南师范大学地理科学学院长沙410081 湖南师范大学交叉科学研究院洞庭湖流域生态环境变化与固碳增汇湖南省重点实验室长沙410081 湖南大学环境科学与工程学院环境生物与控制教育部重点实验室(湖南大学)长沙410082

明确土壤碳循环过程及其主控因素,是估算和提升土壤固碳能力的重要前提.本文在流域尺度上探究了水力侵蚀在土壤碳循环中扮演的“源汇”角色.通过耦合空间分布式泥沙输移模型与生物地球化学模型,提出了一种定量估算水力侵蚀驱动下土壤有... 详细信息

明确土壤碳循环过程及其主控因素,是估算和提升土壤固碳能力的重要前提.本文在流域尺度上探究了水力侵蚀在土壤碳循环中扮演的“源汇”角色.通过耦合空间分布式泥沙输移模型与生物地球化学模型,提出了一种定量估算水力侵蚀驱动下土壤有机碳横向迁移和垂向通量的方法.将该耦合模型应用于洞庭湖流域,结果表明:1980~2020年间洞庭湖流域年均土壤侵蚀量为1.33×10^(8)t,呈先减后增的趋势.水力侵蚀驱动下,仅有12%发生迁移的有机碳最终流入河流系统,其余均随泥沙在流域陆上沉积并被埋藏.水力侵蚀造成的土壤有机碳横向流失量在1980年为8.86×10^(11)g C, 2020年为1.50×10^(11)g C,减少了83%.侵蚀过程中由于沉积泥沙的埋藏作用和土壤碳的动态置换,土壤有机碳垂向通量呈现5.54×10^(11)g C a^(-1)的净碳汇. 40年间土壤有机碳横向流失量减少及侵蚀引起净碳汇量增加源于大规模生态恢复工程的实施和耕作方式的改良,其对于减少水土流失和提高土壤碳储量具有重要意义.本研究提出的耦合模型可在大空间尺度和长时间段内对侵蚀引起的土壤碳动态过程进行空间显式模拟,为预测未来气候和土地利用变化下土壤碳储量提供科学支撑.

关键词：水力侵蚀泥沙输移横向土壤碳流失陆地-大气CO_(2)通量洞庭湖流域

Influencing mechanism of pre-existing nanoscale Al5Fe2 phase on Mg-Fe interface in friction stir spot welded Al-free zK60-Q235 joint

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第7期42卷 220-228页

作者： R.z.Xu Q.yang D.R.Ni B.L.Xiao C.z.Liu z.y.Ma Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China College of Material Science and Engineering Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang110136China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign1304 W Green StUrbanaIL61801United States Fredrick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign104 S Goodwin AveUrbanaIL61801United States

Al-free zK60 magnesium (Mg) alloy sheet was selected as substrate material of Mg-steel pinless friction stir spot welding (FSSW), avoiding the effect of the Al element in the substrate on the alloying reaction of Mg-iron (Fe) interface. The sound FSSW joint of zK60 Mg alloy and Q235 steel with a hot-dipped aluminum (Al)-containing zinc (zn) coating was successfully realized. The detailed microstructural examinations proved that Al5Fe2 phase at the Mg-Fe interface came from the pre-existing Al5Fe2 phase in the coating and acted as the transition layer for promoting the metallurgical bonding of Mg and Fe. The interfaces with well-matched lattice sites among Fe, Al5Fe2 and Mg were formed during FSSW. A low energy interface with good match of lattice sites ((002)Al5Fe2//(110)Fe, [110]Al5Fe2//[113]Fe) between Al5Fe2 and Fe was identified. For the interface between Al5Fe2 and Mg, an orientation relationship of (622)Al5Fe2//(3112)Mgand[158]Al5Fe2//[2423]Mg was observed. The tensile-shear load of the zK60-steel joint could reach 4.6 kN. Moreover, the joint fracture occurred at the interface between the Al5Fe2 layer and the Mg alloy substrate, suggesting the brittle fracture characteristic.

关键词： Dissimilar welding Friction stir spot welding Magnesium alloys Steels zinc coating

RANDOM-FUzzy SAFETy ANALySIS FOR AN AERO ENGINE TURBINE DISK

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2004年第4期17卷 509-513页

作者： z.z.Lü C.L.Liu y.L.Xu z.F.yue School of Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 ChinaSchool of Aviation Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 ChinaChina Aviation Research Institute 608 Zhuzhou 412002 ChinaSchool of Mechanics Civil Engineering and Architecture Northwestern Polytechnic University Xi'an 710072 China

A numerical simulation method is presented for the random-fuzzy safety analysis of an aero engine disk. Based on the equivalent transformation from a fuzzy variable to a random variable, the equivalent random Probability Density Functions(PDFs) are got from their corresponding Fuzzy Possibility Distributions(FPDs) for the fuzzy variables. In that case the perfect numerical simulation method for the random uncertainty is employed to solve the fuzzy uncertainty. For the complex structure such as the aero engine disk with implicit relationship between the input basic variable and the response variable, the equivalent PDFs of the input basic variables are delivered simultaneously to the response variable by an empirical PDF, which is simulated by Finite Element Method(FEM). Then, in view of the fuzzy application requirement occurring in engineering usually, the reliability definition and calculation are discussed for the aero engine disk with multiple fuzzy failure modes. On the other hand, through the inverse transformation of the fuzzy variable to the random variable, the FPDs of the response variables can be calculated from their empirical PDFs as well.

关键词： random fuzzy turbine disk reliability

Fatigue behavior of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy under fully reversed cyclic deformation

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2019年第3期35卷 334-340页

作者： y.z.Tian S.J.Sun H.R.Lin z.F.zhang Materials Fatigue and Fracture Division Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China

Bulk ultrafine-grained(UFG) CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy(HEA) with fully recrystallized microstructure was processed by cold rolling and annealing treatment. The high-cycle fatigue behaviors of the UFG HEA and a coarse-grained(CG) counterpart were investigated under fully reversed cyclic *** fatigue strength of the UFG HEA can be significantly enhanced by refining the grain size. However,no grain coarsening was observed in the UFG HEA during fatigue tests. Mechanisms for the superior mechanical properties of the UFG HEA were explored.

关键词： High-entropy alloy(HEA) Ultrafine-grain(UFG) High-cycle fatigue Recrystallization Grain size Fatigue strength

基于MRI的自动化多任务深度学习系统评估冈上肌腱损伤

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国际医学放射学杂志 2024年第4期 499-500页

作者： M.Ni y.Q.zhao L.H.zhang W.Chen Q.z.Wang C.y.Tian 常雪

摘要目的建立一个自动化、多任务、基于MRI的深度学习系统，用于精细评估冈上肌腱（SST）损伤。方法根据关节镜检查结果，将3 087例病人分为SST正常组、退变组和

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Structure and Magnetic Properties of S-doped Mn_3O_4/S Composited Nanoparticles and Mn_3O_4 Nanoparticles

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2011年第6期27卷 503-506页

作者： X. He z.H. Wang D.y. Geng z.D. zhang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research and International Centre for Materials Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China

Composited nanoparticles,consisting of Mn3O4,S-doped Mn3O4 and S,were synthesized by co-precipitation reaction and Mn3O4 nanoparticles were then obtained after removing the pure S from the composited *** Mn3O4-type phase with larger lattice constant a was formed by doping *** fixed temperatures below Curie temperature（TC）,the magnetization of the S-doped Mn3O4/S composited nanoparticles was smaller than that of the Mn3O4 *** blocking temperature was 36.3 and 34.8 K for Sdoped Mn3O4/S composite and Mn3O4 nanoparticles,*** anisotropy field of S-doped Mn3O4/S composite was determined to be about 55.3 kOe.

关键词： Nanostructured materials Chemical synthesis X-ray diffraction Magnetic measurements

Influence of plasma condition on carbon nanotube growth by rf-PECVD

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Nano-Micro Letters 2010年第1期2卷 37-41页

作者： y.H.Man z.C.Li z.J.zhang Advanced Materials Laboratory Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University

Carbon nanotubes(CNTs)have been synthesized from Ar-CH_4 mixtures using rf-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition(rf-PECVD)at *** gases such as H_2 and NH_3 were found unnecessary for carbon nanotube formation compared to thermal *** relationship between the growth of CNTs and the plasma condition in PECVD has been investigated by in situ self bias *** conditions were controlled by changing the interelectrode distance,rf power and the applied substrate negative *** increasing the interelectrode distance and rf power,the spatial density of CNTs was on a rise as a result of the increase in ions density and self *** the applied substrate negative bias increased,the spatial density of CNTs decreased possibly due to the positive ions over bombarding effect.

关键词： Carbon nanotube Plasma enhanced CVD Plasma condition

Magnetic and Transport Properties of Mn_(0.98)Cr_(0.02)Te Epitaxial Films Grown on Al_2O_3 Substrates

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2014年第2期30卷 103-106页

作者： z.H.Wang D.y.Geng J.Li y.B.Li z.D.zhang Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Researchand International Centre for Materials PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The epitaxial Mno0.98Cr0.02Te films on single crystal Al2O3 （0001） substrates were prepared by pulsed laser deposition. The X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy results showed that the good continuous epitaxial film was obtained with substrate temperature of 500 ℃. When the substrate temperature reached 700 ℃, the film was island growth and the manganese oxides phase appeared. The temperature dependence of both the magnetization and electrical resistance showed a sharp rise at around 60 K due to the magnetoelastic coupling. The temperature dependence of the electrical resistance of Mno0.98Cr0.02Te provided evidence for a transition from the metallic to semiconducting state at 305 K due to the spin disorder scattering with a large contribution from the influence of magnon drag.

关键词： Magnetic properties Mno0.98Cr0.02Te films X-ray diffraction Epitaxial film

Microstructure evolution and hot deformation behavior of carbon nanotube reinforced 2009Al composite with bimodal grain structure

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第11期70卷 73-82页

作者： K.Ma z.y.Liu S.Bi X.X.zhang B.L.Xiao z.y.Ma Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of ScienceShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China72 Wenhua RoadShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering Guilin University of TechnologyGuilin541004China

The hot deformation behaviors of the bimodal carbon nanotube reinforced 2009Al(CNT/2009Al)composite were studied by establishing processing map and characterizing the microstructure *** results indicate that the grain size in the ultra-fine grained zones was stable during hot deformation,while the coarse grained zones were elongated with their long axis directions tending to be perpendicular to the compression *** temperature with high strain rate(LTHR),as well as high temperature with low strain rate(HTLR)could increase the length/width ratio of the coarse grained ***,LTHR and HTLR could cause the instable *** instable deformation at LTHR was induced by severe intragranular plastic deformation and the localized shear crack,while the instable deformation at HTLR resulted from the more deformation component at the coarse grained zones,and the micro-pore initiation due to CNT re-agglomeration at the boundaries between the coarse and the ultra-fine grained zones.

关键词： Carbon nanotube Bimodal Aluminum matrix composite Hot deformation Processing map