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CRySTAL DEFECTS IN PLASmA NITRIDED LAyER CATALyzED By RARE EARTH

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2002年第2期15卷 243-247页

作者： F.S.Chen, y.X. Liu, D.K. Liang and L.m. Xiao School of materials Science and Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China School of materials Science and Technology Shandong UniversityJinan 250061China

The microstructure of plasma nitrided layer catalyzed by rare-earth elementshas been studied with TEm. The results show that the grains of gamma ft-Fe_4N phase are refined byrare-earth elements and the plane defects in boundary are increased by rare-earth elements. Theaddition of rare-earth element increases the bombardment effect and the number of crystal defectssuch as vacancies, dislocation loops, twins and stacking faults in gamma ft -Fe_4N phase and canproduce the high-density dislocations in the ferrite of diffusion layer at a distance 0.08mm fromthe surface. The production of a number of crystal defects is one of important reasons whyrare-earth element accelerates the diffusion of nitrogen atoms during plasma-nitriding.

关键词： rare-earth element plasma-nitriding crystal defect

Behavioral differences within and among populations of an African cichlid found in divergent and extreme environments

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Current zoology 2019年第1期65卷 33-42页

作者： Richard C. Oldham Lauren m. Pintor Suzanne m. Gray School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA

Animals are increasingly faced with human?induced stressors that vary in space and time, thus we can expect populati on-level diverge nee in behaviors that help animals to cope with en vironme ntal change. However, empirical evidenee of behavioral trait divergence across environmental extremes is lacking. We tested for variation in behavioral traits among 2 populations of an African cichlid fish (Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor victoriae Seegers, 1990) that experience extremes of dissolved oxygen (DO) and turbidity and are known to vary in a number of physiological and life history traits associated with these stressors. Using a comm on garden reari ng experime nt, F1 progeny from wild-caught parents originating from a swamp (low DO, clear) and a river (high DO, turbid) were reared in high DO, clear water. Predator simulation assays were conducted to test for (1) variation in boldness, general activity, and foraging activity between populations,(2) differences in correlations betwee n behaviors with in and across populati ons, and (3) repeatability of behaviors. There was strong evide nee for diverge nee betwee n populati ons, with swamp fish being more bold (i.e.z leaving refuge sooner after a simulated predator attack) and active (i.e., spent more time out of refuge) than river fish. Across populations there were positive correlations between foraging activity and both boldness and general activity;however, within populations, there was only a strong positive relationship between foraging activity and boldness in the river population. Here, we have demonstrated that populations that originate from drastically different environments can produce proge ny that exhibit measurable differences in behaviors and their correlated relati on ships eve n whe n reared un der comm on conditions.

关键词： behavioral correlation behavioral syndrome boldness hypoxia pace of life turbidity

A one-step,tunable method of selective reactive sputter deposition as a wrinkling approach for silver/polydimethylsiloxane for electrically conductive pliable surfaces

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microsystems & Nanoengineering 2022年第4期8卷 221-231页

作者： Joel y.y.Loh Ali zeineddine moein Shayegannia Robyn mcNeil Liam mcRae Nazir P.Kherani Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3G4Canada Department of material Science and Engineering University of TorontoTorontoON M5S 3E4Canada

The wrinkle period and morphology of a metal thin film on an elastic substrate is typically controlled by modifying the substrate before carrying out additional metal deposition ***,we show that a simultaneously selective and reactive sputtering plasma that modifies the surface of a polydimethylsiloxane(PDmS)substrate while not reacting with the metal during the deposition process decreases the wrinkle wavelength and induces additional wrinkling components and features such as ripples or *** selective reaction of the nitrogen plasma with PDmS functionalizes the siloxane surface into silicon *** hardens the immediate surface of PDmS,with a quadratic increase in the young’s modulus as a function of the sputtering flow *** increase in the critical strain mismatch and the corresponding presence of folds in the nitrogen-modified wrinkled silver film form a suitable plasmonic platform for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS),yielding an enhancement factor of 4.8×105 for detecting *** enhancement is linked to the emergence of electromagnetic hotspots from surface plasmon polariton coupling between the folds/wrinkles,which in turn enables the detection of low concentrations of organics using ***,when strained,the nitrogen-modified wrinkles enhance electrical conductivity by a factor of 12 compared with unmodified ***,the optical properties of the substrate can be tuned by altering the N2 *** simple addition of nonreactive nitrogen to silver sputtering enables simultaneous PDmS hardening and growth of the silver film and together provide a new avenue for tuning wrinkling parameters and enhancing the electrical conductivity of pliable surfaces.

关键词： silver reactive film

Solitary Potential in a Space Plasma Containing Dynamical Heavy Ions and Bi-Kappa Distributed Electrons of Two Distinct Temperatures

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第1期69卷 107-114页

作者： m.Sarker B.Hosen m.R.Hossen A.A.mamun Department of Physics Jahangirnagar University Department of General Educational Development Daffodil International University

The heavy ion-acoustic solitary waves(HIASWs) in a magnetized, collisionless, space plasma system(containing dynamical heavy ions and bi-kappa distributed electrons of two distinct temperatures) have been theoretically investigated. The Korteweg-de Vries(K-dV), modified K-dV(mK-dV), and higher-order mK-dV(HmK-dV) equations are derived by employing the reductive perturbation method. The basic features of HIASWs(viz. speed, polarity,amplitude, width, etc.) are found to be significantly modified by the effects of number density and temperature of different plasma species, and external magnetic field(obliqueness). The K-dV and Hm-Kd V equations give rise to both compressive and rarefactive solitary structures, whereas the mK-dV equation supports only the compressive solitary structures. The implication of our results in some space and laboratory plasma situations are briefly discussed.

关键词： heavy ion acoustic waves solitary waves superthermal electrons higher order nonlinear equations

Synthesis of advanced ceramics by hydrothermal crystallization and modified related methods

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2012年第3期1卷 204-220页

作者： JoséORTIz-LANDEROS Carlos GÓmEz-yÁÑEz Rigoberto LÓPEz-JUÁREz Iván DÁVALOS-VELASCO Heriberto PFEIFFER Departamento de Ingeniería metalúrgica Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias ExtractivasIPNUPALMAv.Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/nCP 07738México DFMéxico. Centro de Ciencias Aplicadas y Desarrollo Tecnológico Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoA.P.70-186CoyoacánMéxico D.F.México. Instituto de Investigaciones en materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCircuito exterior s/nCiudad UniversitariaDel.CoyoacánCP 04510México DFMéxico.

The present article aims to give a brief overview about the advantages of the hydrothermal crystallization method for the synthesis of advanced *** is given,not only on the conventional hydrothermal crystallization,but also on some of its variants;such as ultrasound-assisted,electrochemical-assisted,microwave-assisted and surfactant-assisted hydrothermal methods which open up new opportunities for the synthesis of ceramic materials with novel properties demanded for advanced *** the current work the synthesis of barium titanate(BaTiO3),lithium metasilicate(Li2SiO3)and sodium-potassium niobate(Na,K)NbO3 powders are reported as cases of study.

关键词： hydrothermal synthesis barium titanate Li_(2)SiO_(3) potassium-sodium niobate

Collective Bands in Neutron-Rich ^(104)mo Nucleus

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第1期18卷 24-26页

作者： yANG Li-ming zHU Sheng-Jiang LI Ke J.H.Hamilton A.V.Ramayya J.K.Hwang X.Q.zhang zHU Ling-yan GAN Cui-yun m.Sakhaee LONG Gui-Lu XU Rui-Qing HANG zheng JIANG zhuo JON myong-Gil W.C.ma B.R.S.Babu J.Komicki E.F.Jones J.D.Cole R.Aryaeinejad m.W.Drigert I.y.Lee J.O.Rasmussen m.A.Stoyer m.Ter-Akopian A.V.Daniel Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084 Department of Physics Vanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37235USA Department of Physics Mississippi State UniversityMS 39762USA Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Idaho FallsID 83415USA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA 94720USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna141980Russia

Levels in the neutron-rich ^(104)mo nucleus have been investigated by observing promptγ-rays from the spontaneous fission of 252Cf with the Gammasphere detector *** ground-state band,the one-phonon and the two-phononγ-vibrational bands as well as a quasiparticle band have been confirmed and expanded with spin up to 14ħ.Other two side bands probably built on new quasiparticle states are *** possible configurations for the quasiparticle bands are *** of the quasiparticle bands show larger moments of inertia and may have pair-free *** levels of the ground-state band,the one-phononγ-band and the two-phononγ-band calculated from a general collective model are in close agreement with the experimental data.

关键词： bands phonon quasi

Characterization of Placic Horizons in Ironstone Soils of Louisiana, USA

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Pedosphere 2010年第4期20卷 409-418页

作者： D. C. WEINDORF N. BAKR y. zHU B. HAGGARD S. JOHNSON J. DAIGLE Louisiana State University Agricultural Center 307 MB Sturgis Hall Baton Rouge LA 70803 (USA) United States Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service 3737 Government Street AlexandriaLA 71302 (USA)

Placic horizons, defined as thin, wavy, hardened layers of iron and organic matter, are rare within the United States, occurring only in Washington, Alaska, and Hawaii. While ironstone is common in many soils of the southeastern United States, it is not known to contain appreciable organic matter. As a pilot study evaluating the justification for a larger study on ironstone in Louisiana, a 40 m lateral exposure with suspected placic horizons was evaluated in Vernon Parish, Louisiana. Results of laboratory analysis show elevated levels of iron and organic matter in the suspect horizons that meet the criteria of placic horizons as defined by the Soil Survey Staff. Based on the results of this study, additional evaluation of multiple pedons with similar features is warranted. Should additional pedons demonstrate similar properties, a new great group of 'Petrudepts' would be needed to describe both the placic horizons in the pedon and the udic moisture regime in which they occur.

关键词： ortstein pedon petroferric contact Petrudepts

Fabrication of functional material by using DNA-lipid complex and its optical property

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Fabrication of functional material by using DNA-lipid comple...

STRUCTURES OF γ Al_2O_3 AND AlON STUDIED By ^(27)Al NmR AND QUANTUm CHEmISTRy CALCTLATIONS

Photonics Asia 2004;Optoelectronics,microelectronics,and Nanotech

作者： m.Wada y.Kagami N.Ogata T.Ishikawa S.Horinouchi Chitose Institute of Science and Technology 758-65 Bibi Chitose Hokkaido 066-8655 Japan Chitose Institute of Science and Technology 758-65 Bibi Chitose Hokkaido 066-8655 Japan New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) 758-65 Bibi Chitose Hokkaido 066-8655 Japan Chitose Institute of Science and Technology 758-65 Bibi Chitose Hokkaido 066-8655 Japan Nippon Aleph Chitose R&D Center 1-3-1 Kashiwadaiminami Chitose-shi Hokkaido 066-0009 Japan Chitose Institute of Science and Technology 758-65 Bibi Chitose Hokkaido 066-8655 Japan

We observed optical properties of organic fluorescence materials doped DNA-CTmA and PmmA. The quantum yield in DNA-CTmA was higher than in PmmA. Amplified spontaneous emission properties of dye-doped

关键词： deoxyribonucleic acid , intercalate , fluorescent materials

来源： cnki会议评论

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Acta metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1999年第4期12卷 372-376页

作者： X.m.min ,y. Daiand C.W.Nan National Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for materials Synthesis and Processing , Wuhan University ofTechnology , Wuhan 430070 ,China

Al NmRand quantum chemistry calculation have been used to study thestructureof γ Al2O3 and AlON. The NmRspectra arecharacterized bythree distinctresonance peaksat114 , 66 and 12 , corresponding to 〔AlN4〕,〔AlO4〕and 〔AlO6〕respectively. The uantum chemistrycalculationsshowqd thatthe models with vacancieslocated at octahedralsitein B block are morestablethanthose with vacancieslocated attetrahedralsitein A blockforboth of γ Al2 O3 and AlON. In AlON, nitrogen atoms preferentially replace oxygen atoms in〔AlO4〕tetrahedrons, and the model with 〔AlN4〕is morestablethan that with 〔AlO4 xNx〕(x= 1 ,2 and 3) and 〔AlO6 - yNy〕(y= 1 ,2 ,3 and 4) , which isin agreement with theexperimental analysisby NmR.

关键词： Al2 O3 and AlON structure NmR quantum chemistrycalculation