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Isolation and Manipulation of Quantitative Trait Loci for Disease Resistance in Rice Using a Candidate Gene Approach

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Molecular Plant 2008年第5期1卷 786-793页

作者： Ke-Ming Hu De-yun Qiu xiang-Ling Shen xiang-Hua Li Shi-Ping wang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan) Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China

Bacterial blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and fungal blast caused by Magnaporthe grisea result in heavy production losses in rice, a main staple food for approximately 50% of the world＇s population. Application of host resistance to these pathogens is the most economical and environment-friendly approach to solve this problem. Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling quantitative resistance are valuable sources for broad-spectrum and durable disease resistance. Although large numbers of QTLs for bacterial blight and blast resistance have been identified, these sources have not been used effectively in rice improvement because of the complex genetic control of quantitative resistance and because the genes underlying resistance QTLs are unknown. To isolate disease resistance QTLs, we established a candidate gene strategy that integrates linkage map, expression profile, and functional complementation analyses. This strategy has proven to be applicable for identifying the genes underlying minor resistance QTLs in rice-Xoo and rice-M, grisea systems and it may also help to shed light on disease resistance QTLs of other cereals. Our results also suggest that a single minor QTL can be used in rice improvement by modulating the expression of the gene underlying the QTL. Pyramiding two or three minor QTL genes, whose expression can be managed and that function in different defense signal transduction pathways, may allow the breeding of rice cultivars that are highly resistant to bacterial blight and blast.

关键词： bacterial blight blast Oryza sativa quantitative resistance QTL.

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胶州湾栉孔扇贝大规模死亡的流行病学调查

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水产学报 2002年第2期26卷 149-156页

作者：王秀华王崇明李筠王祥红郑桂丽胡晓钟龚俊宋微波中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所农业部海洋渔业资源可持续利用重点开放实验室青岛海洋大学海洋生命学院青岛海洋大学水产学院青岛海洋?

2 0 0 0年 1月 - 12月 ,跟踪调查了胶州湾养殖栉孔扇贝大规模死亡情况 ,对养殖海域环境因子进行了测定 ,并对大规模死亡期间发病栉孔扇贝进行了病理学观察。调查结果显示 ,胶州湾养殖栉孔扇贝大规模死亡呈暴发性并集中在 7月下旬的高水... 详细信息

2 0 0 0年 1月 - 12月 ,跟踪调查了胶州湾养殖栉孔扇贝大规模死亡情况 ,对养殖海域环境因子进行了测定 ,并对大规模死亡期间发病栉孔扇贝进行了病理学观察。调查结果显示 ,胶州湾养殖栉孔扇贝大规模死亡呈暴发性并集中在 7月下旬的高水温期。发病高峰期在 7月 2 1日至 7月 2 7日 ,最高时点患病率达 14 .5 % ,7月份的月死亡率为 5 8.0 %。至 8月 3日累积死亡率达 90 .0 % ,患病贝死亡率接近 10 0 %。发病期扇贝壳高平均为 5 .0± 0 .9cm。,养殖栉孔扇贝半数死亡时间在 7月 2 3日。通过对水环境因子、病原性生物因子的调查分析及病理学观察表明 ,栉孔扇贝的大规模死亡可能是由生物性因子 (病毒 )所致 ,而与环境中理化因子可能无直接的相关关系

关键词：栉孔扇贝流行病学胶州湾

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Evaluating the performance of CMIP6 Earth system models in simulating global vegetation structure and distribution

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第6期12卷 584-595页

作者： SONG xiang wang Dan-yun LI Fang ZENG Xiao-Dong International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China

Evaluation of vegetation structure and distribution simulations in Earth system models(ESMs)is the basis for understanding historical reconstruction and future projection of changes in terrestrial ecosystems,carbon cycle,and climate based on these *** assessments can also provide important information of models'merits and shortcomings or systematic biases,and so clues for model *** structure and distribution in ESMs are primarily characterized by three variables:leaf area index(LAI),tree height,and fractional coverage of plant functional type(PFT).However,for the ongoing Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6),only temporal variabilities of global-averaged LAI time series were evaluated,others remain largely *** study systematically investigates the spatial and/or temporal variability of the three critical variables from 27 ESMs in CMIP6 using satellite *** results show that all models and the multi-model ensemble mean(MME)can generally reproduce the observed LAI spatial pattern but all of them overestimate the global mean LAI mainly due to overestimation of LAI in non-forested vegetated *** CMIP6 models fail to capture the temporal variability in the annual LAI because of large biases in both the simulated trend magnitude and temporal pattern of interannual *** average LAI seasonal cycles in different latitude zones are roughly reproduced by the models,but 1-2 months delays in the LAI peak appear in the Arctic-boreal ***,CMIP6 models overall overestimate tree height,and largely overestimate the global grass area but underestimate tree and shrub areas,especially in the middle and high *** should be kept in mind that such biases may have further impacts on the simulations of the related carbon and land-atmosphere interaction variables(e.g.,ecosystem production,carbon storage,transpiration,and temperature)for global change ***,bias-correction should

关键词： Earth system model CMIP6 Leaf area index Vegetation distribution Tree height

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Failure of Placebo Analgesia Model in Rats with Inflammatory Pain

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第2期36卷 121-133页

作者： xiang-Sha Yin Jin-Yu Yang Shuai Cao yun wang Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical Sciences and Neuroscience Research InstituteKey Laboratory for NeuroscienceMinistry of Education of Chinaand National Health CommissionState key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic DrugsPeking UniversityBeijing 100083China PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

With the shifting role of placebos,there is a need to develop animal models of placebo analgesia and elucidate the mechanisms underlying the *** the present study,male Sprague-Dawley rats with chronic inflammatory pain caused by complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA)underwent a series of conditioning procedures,in which morphine was associated with different cues,but they failed to induce placebo ***,conditioning with the conditioned place preference apparatus successfully induced analgesic expectancy and placebo analgesia in naive rats but only induced analgesic expectancy and no analgesic effect in CFA ***,we found enhanced c-fos expression in the nucleus accumbens and reduced expression in the anterior cingulate cortex in naive rats while c-fos expression in the anterior cingulate cortex in CFA rats was not *** summary,the behavioral conditioning model demonstrated the difficulty of establishing a placebo analgesia model in rats with a pathological condition.

关键词： Placebo analgesia Morphine Conditioning Inflammatory pain Rat

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Nonlocal Symmetry of the Lax Equation Related to Riccati-Type Pseudopotential

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第12期29卷 29-31页

作者： wang yun-Hu CHEN Yong XIN xiang-Peng Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Computing East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062

We investigate the Lax equation that can be employed to describe motions of long waves in shallow water under gravity.A nonlocal symmetry of this equation is given and used to find exact solutions and derive lower integrable models from higher *** is interesting that this nonlocal symmetry links with its corresponding Riccati-type *** introducing suitable and simple auxiliary dependent variables,the nonlocal symmetry is localized and used to generate new solutions from trivial ***,this equation is reduced to an ordinary differential equation by means of this nonlocal symmetry and some local symmetries.

关键词： symmetry equation trivial

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Lattice plasmon mode excitation via near-field coupling

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第1期31卷 344-349页

作者： yun Lin Shuo Shen xiang Gao Liancheng wang State Key Laboratory of High Performance Complex Manufacturing College of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China xiangya School of Stomatology Xiangya Stomatological HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410000China

The optical response of metal nanoparticles can be modified through near-field or far-field interaction,yet the lattice plasmon modes(LPMs)considered can only be excited from the *** instead,we present a theoretical evaluation for LPM excitation via the near-field coupling *** sample is an arrayed structure with specific units composed of upper metal disks,a lower metal hole and a sandwiched dielectric *** excitation process and underlying mechanism of the LPM and the influence of the structure parameters on the optical properties have been investigated in detail by using a finite-difference time-domain(FDTD)numerical *** investigation presented here should advance the understanding of near-field interaction of plasmon modes for LPM excitation,and LPMs could find some potential applications,such as in near-field optical microscopes,biosensors,optical filters and plasmonic lasers.

关键词： optical response of metal nanoparticles lattice plasmon modes finite-difference time-domain

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Combined phacoemulsification and goniosynechialysis with or without endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation in the treatment of PACG with cataract

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第9期13卷 1385-1390页

作者： Wan-Shu Zhou Wen-xiang Lin yun-yun Geng Tao wang Beijing Tongren Eye Center Beijing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100730China

AIM:To investigate the efficacy and safety of combined phacoemulsification and goniosynechialysis with or without endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation(PGE group and PG group)for the treatment of patients with coexisting primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)and ***:The clinical data of patients with PACG and cataract were retrospectively *** was a total of 88 eyes in the study and were divided into two groups,42 eyes in PGE group and 46 eyes in PG *** success cumulative survival,preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure(IOP),number of IOPlowering medications,best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)in the two groups were observed for more than 12 mo and compared within each group and between two ***:The mean IOP in PGE group declined from24.9 mm Hg preoperatively to 14.1 mm Hg at the first month after operation(P<0.001)and at the last visit 16.2 mm Hg(P<0.001).Meanwhile PG group also showed significant decrease,from 24.1 mm Hg preoperatively to 13.0 mm Hg at Imo after operation(P<0.001)and 15.3 mm Hg at the last visit(P=0.004).The mean medications reliance reduced in both groups,in PGE group was reduced from 1.62 preoperatively to 0.13 at the last visit(P<0.001),in PG group from 0.87 to 0.10(P<0.001).At the last visit,BCVA increased from 0.21 to 0.60 in PGE group(P<0.001)and from 0.24 to 0.67 in PG group(P<0.001).The success rate of PGE group at 1 mo was95.2%,then decreased to 70.7%at the last visit,whereas in PG group,the success rate at 1 mo was 100%,at the last visit was 73.4%.CONCLUSION:PGE shows promise for PACG patients with cataracts to reduce IOP,lighten the medication burden and improve visual acuity,and PG still has its value in specific patients.

关键词： endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation primary angle-closure glaucoma cataract combined glaucoma and cataract surgery laser surgery

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ANALYTICAL RESEARCH ON THE WAVE DIFFRACTION OF ARC-SHAPED FLOATING BREAKWATERS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2006年第1期18卷 1-10页

作者： MIAO Guo-ping CHENG Jian-sheng wang Jing-quan YOU yun-xiang School of Naval Architecture Ocean and Civil Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200030 China Engineering Institute of Engineering Corps PLA University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210007 China

An analytical method was developed to study the wave diffraction on are-shaped floating breakwaters. The floating breakwater was assumed to be rigid, thin, vertical, immovable and located in water of constant depth. The fluid domain was divided into two regions by imaginary interface, The velocity potential in each region is expanded by eigenfunctions. By satisfying continuity of pressure and normal velocity across the imaginary fluid interface, a set of linear algebraic equations could be obtained to determine the unknown coefficients for eigenfunctions. The accuracy of present model and the computer program were verified by a comparison with ex isting results for the case of arc-shaped bottom-mounted breakwaters. Numerical results, in the form of contour maps of the non-dimension wave amplitude around the breakwater, were presented for a range of wave and breakwater parame ters. Results show the wave diffraction on the arc-shaped floating breakwater is related to the incident wavelength and the draft of the breakwater.

关键词： arc-shaped floating breakwater wave diffraction velocity potential eigenfunctions

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WAVE DIFFRACTION ON ARC-SHAPED BOTTOM-MOUNTED BREAKWATERS

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2005年第4期17卷 391-397页

An analytical method was developed to study the wave diffraction effects on arc-shaped bottom-mounted breakwaters. The breakwater was assumed to be rigid, thin, impermeable and vertically located in water of constant depth. The fluid domain was divided into two regions by imaginary cylindrical interface. The velocity potential in each region was expanded with cigcnfunctions. By satisfying continuity of pressure and normal velocity across the imaginary fluid interface, a set of linear algebraic equations could be obtained to determine the unknown coefficients for eigenfunction expansions. The accuracy of the present model was verified by a comparison with existing results for the case of an isolated straight-line breakwater. Numerical results, in the form of contour maps of the non-dimensional wave amplitude around the breakwater and diffracted wave amplitude at three typical sections, were presented for a range of wave parameters. Results show the arc-shaped bottom-mounted breakwater is generally effective in defending against waves. The wave amplitudes at most sheltered areas are commonly 10%-50% of incident wave amplitudes under most wave conditions.

关键词： arc-shaped breakwater wave diffraction velocity potential eigenfunction

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GOMA:functional enrichment analysis tool based on GO modules

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2013年第4期32卷 195-204页

作者： Qiang Huang Ling-yun Wu Yong wang xiang-Sun Zhang National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences Institute of Applied Mathematics Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences

Analyzing the function of gene sets is a critical step in interpreting the results of high-throughput experiments in systems biology. A variety of enrichment analysis tools have been developed in recent years, but most output a long list of significantly enriched terms that are often redundant, making it difficult to extract the most meaningful functions. In this paper, we present GOMA, a novel enrichment analysis method based on the new concept of enriched functional Gene Ontology (GO) modules. With this method, we systematically revealed functional GO modules, i.e., groups of functionally similar GO terms, via an optimization model and then ranked them by enrichment scores. Our new method simplifies enrichment analysis results by reducing redundancy, thereby preventing inconsistent enrichment results among functionally similar terms and providing more biologically meaningful results.

关键词： GO enrichment analysis, modules, functional redundancy, network, relationships

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