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Molecular Plant 2023年第9期16卷 1376-1378页

作者： yuan Zhou Anna A.Dobritsa Department of Molecular Genetics Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Pollen grains are covered by a complex multi-layered structure,the pollen wall.Exine,the outermost layer of this wall,is made from the biopolymer sporopollenin that exhibits remarkable physical and chemical stability.In different plants,exine,which shields pollen from harsh environmental stresses,has very diverse morphologies and forms different patterns(Wang and Dobritsa,2018).It also contributes to pollination,pollen–stigma interaction,pollen hydration,and eventual release of the pollen tube.Formation of exine begins after male meiosis when four microspores are arranged in a tetrad configuration and enclosed by the callose wall(Ariizumi and Toriyama,2011).At this stage,microspores secrete primexine,the precursor of exine that accumulates between the microspore plasma membrane and the callose wall,providing a scaffold for exine patterning(Wang et al.,2021).As the callose wall gradually gets degraded,sporopollenin is secreted by the nearby tapetal cells and deposited onto the primexine template to form mature exine.This process requires coordination of activities between microspores and the surrounding tapetum.

关键词： template conserved pollen

Feature-Grounded Single-Stage Text-to-Image Generation

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2024年第2期29卷 469-480页

作者： yuan Zhou Peng Wang Lei Xiang Haofeng Zhang School of Artificial Intelligence Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China

Recently,Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs)have become the mainstream text-to-image(T2I)framework.However,a standard normal distribution noise of inputs cannot provide sufficient information to synthesize an image that approaches the ground-truth image distribution.Moreover,the multistage generation strategy results in complex T2I applications.Therefore,this study proposes a novel feature-grounded single-stage T2I model,which considers the“real”distribution learned from training images as one input and introduces a worst-case-optimized similarity measure into the loss function to enhance the model's generation capacity.Experimental results on two benchmark datasets demonstrate the competitive performance of the proposed model in terms of the Frechet inception distance and inception score compared to those of some classical and state-of-the-art models,showing the improved similarities among the generated image,text,and ground truth.

关键词： text-to-image(T2I) feature-grounded single-stage generation Generative Adversarial Network(GAN)

Comparative Analysis of Human Genes Frequently and Occasionally Regulated by m^6A Modification

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2018年第2期16卷 127-135页

作者： yuan Zhou Qinghua Cui Department of Biomedical Informatics School of Basic Medical Sciences Peking University

The m^6A modification has been implicated as an important epitranscriptomic marker, which plays extensive roles in the regulation of transcript stability, splicing, translation, and localization. Nevertheless, only some genes are repeatedly modified across various conditions and the principle of m^6A regulation remains elusive. In this study, we performed a systems-level analysis of human genes frequently regulated by m^6A modification （m^6Afreq genes） and those occasionally regulated by m^6A modification （m^6Aocca genes）. Compared to the m^6Aocca genes, the m^6Afreq genes exhibit gene importance-related features, such as lower dN/dS ratio, higher protein-protein interaction network degree, and reduced tissue expression specificity. Signaling network analysis indicates that the m^6Afreq genes are associated with downstream components of signaling cascades, high-linked signaling adaptors, and specific network motifs like incoherent feed forward loops. Moreover, functional enrichment analysis indicates significant overlaps between the m^6Afreq genes and genes involved in various layers of gene expression, such as being the microRNA targets and the regulators of RNA processing. Therefore, our findings suggest the potential interplay between m^6A epitranscriptomic regulation and other gene expression regulatory machineries.

关键词： m^6A Epitranscriptome Signaling network Gene expression regulation Gene importance

A quantitative second order Sobolev regularity for (inhmogeneous) normalized p(·)-Laplace equations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年

作者： Yuqing WANG yuan Zhou Department of Mathematics Beihang University School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal University

Let ? be a domain of Rnwith n ≥ 2 and p(·) be a local Lipschitz funcion in ? with 1 1 and supUp(x) 0 and C ≥ 1 are independent of u. These extend the related results obtaind by Adamowicz-H?st?(IMRN, 2010) when n ...

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Translation machinery: the basis of translational control

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第4期51卷 367-378页

作者： Shu yuan Guilong zhou Guoyong Xu State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Institute for Advanced Studies(IAS)Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei 430070China

Messenger RNA(mRNA)translation consists of initiation,elongation,termination,and ribosome recycling,carried out by the translation machinery,primarily including tRNAs,ribosomes,and translation factors(TrFs).Translational regulators transduce signals of growth and development,as well as biotic and abiotic stresses,to the translation machinery,where global or selective translational control occurs to modulate mRNA translation efficiency(TrE).As the basis of translational control,the translation machinery directly determines the quality and quantity of newly synthesized peptides and,ultimately,the cellular adaption.Thus,regulating the availability of diverse machinery components is reviewed as the central strategy of translational control.We provide classical signaling pathways(e.g.,integrated stress responses)and cellular behaviors(e.g.,liquideliquid phase separation)to exemplify this strategy within different physiological contexts,particularly during hostemicrobe interactions.With new technologies developed,further understanding this strategy will speed up translational medicine and translational agriculture.

关键词： Translational control Ribosome tRNA Translation machinery uORF Phase separation Immune response

Application of phase‑conjugate beams in beam correction and underwater optical wireless communication subject to surface wave turbulence

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2022年第3期15卷 87-96页

作者： Qi Li Xiuhua yuan Feng zhou Zeyu zhou Wujie Liu School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Hunan Province On Information Photonics and Freespace Optical Communications School of Information Science and EngineeringHunan Institute of Science and TechnologyYueyang 414006China

Water surface wave turbulence is one of the factors afecting the performances of underwater optical wireless communication(UOWC)systems.In our research,a phase-conjugate beam was used to correct the beam distortion and enhance the communication performances when a system is subject to surface wave turbulence.The phase-conjugate beam was generated by a phase-conjugate mirror(PCM),and a turbulence generator was used to generate surface wave turbulence in the experiment.We calculated the beam centroid distribution and the results showed that the phase-conjugate beam had a better propagation performance than the distorted beam at the diferent water depths.The root mean square(RMS)of the beam centroid for the phase-conjugate beam was 11 times less than that for the distorted beam,which meant that the phase-conjugate beam could efectively correct the beam drift.We further investigated the scintillation index and the signal-to-noise ratio(SNR);the results showed that the phase-conjugate beam was able to reduce the scintillation and an obvious improvement in SNR could be obtained.This research has the potential to be applied in UWC.

关键词： Phase-conjugate beam Underwater optical wireless communication(UOWC) Degenerate four-wave mixing(DFWM) Surface wave turbulence

Theoretical and observed mechanisms of diesel exhaust particles in promoting asthma

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中华医学杂志（英文版） 2023年第19期136卷 2374-2376页

作者： yuan Gao Yan zhou Xinjia zhou Rui Zheng China 110004 China 110004

To the Editor: Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) promote airway inflammation in asthma, but the mechanisms by which DEPs influence the onset and aggravation of asthma are complex. Standard DEPs have been used in many toxicological studies about DEPs and asthma. However, recent studies have shown that standard DEPs are unsuitable representatives of traffic-related emissions. The effects of regenerated DEPs and real-world DEPs on asthma have not been fully studied and more researches are urgently needed.

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Integrative single-cell multiomics analyses dissect molecular signatures of intratumoral heterogeneities and differentiation states of human gastric cancer

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National Science Review 2023年第6期10卷 96-107页

作者： Shuhui Bian Yicheng Wang yuan Zhou Wendong Wang Limei Guo Lu Wen Wei Fu Xin zhou Fuchou Tang Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center School of Life Sciences Department of General Surgery Third Hospital Peking University State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health Nanjing Medical University Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine Nanjing Medical University Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics (ICG) Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation Department of Pathology Peking University Third Hospital School of Basic Medical Science Peking University Health Science Center Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University

Human gastric cancer is a highly lethal disease,but the underlying multiomic mole cular signatures remain largely uncle ar.Here,we performed multi-regional sampling,parallel single-cell multiomics sequencing and integrated analyses of human gastric cancer.We identified common transcrip tomic alterations of gastric cancer cells,such as aberrant down-regulation of genes associated with normal stomach function and up-regulation of KRT7,PI3,S100A4,etc.Surprisingly,aberrant and prevalent up-regulation of genes highly expressed in normal colorectal epithelial cells were also identified in cancer cells,which maybe partially regulated by promoter chromatin accessibility and DNA methylation levels.We reve aled the single-cell DNA methylome landscape of gastric cancer,and identified candidate DNA methylation biomarkers,such as hypermethylated promoters of TMEM240 and HAGLROS,and hypomethylated promoters of TRPM2-AS and HRH1.Additionally,the relationships between genetic lineages,D NA methylation and transcriptomic clusters were systematically revealed at single-cell level.We showed that DNA methylation heterogeneities were mainly among different genetic lineages of cancer cells.Moreover,we found that D NA methylation levels of cancer cells with poorer differentiation states tend to be higher than those of cancer cells with better differentiation states in the primary tumor within the same patient,although still lower than in normal gastric epithelial cells.Cancer cells with poorer differentiation states also prevalently down-regulated MUC1 expression and immune-related pathways,and had poor infiltration of CD 8+T cells.Our study dissected the mole cular signatures of intratumoral heterogeneities and differentiation states of human gastric cancer using integrative single-cell multiomics analyses.

关键词： gastric cancer single-cell multiomics analysis intratumoral heterogeneity tumor differentiation

Spatially targeting of tumor-associated macrophages and cancer cells for suppression of spontaneously metastatic tumor

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Nano Research 2022年第4期15卷 3446-3457页

作者： Minglu zhou Dandan Xie zhou zhou Lian Li yuan Huang Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China

The interaction between cancer cells and M2 tumor-associated macrophages(M2-TAMs)facilitates tumor growth and metastasis.However,cancer cells and M2-TAMs have different spatial distribution patterns,which requires distinct drug delivery strategies.Herein,based on different tumor-penetrating ability of nanocarriers,we developed a combinatory strategy that consists of a TAMs-targeting liposome(alanine-alanine-asparagine(AAN)-Lip-regorafenib(Rego))and a cancer cells-targeting copolymer(internalizing RGD modified with N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide-doxorubicin(iRGD-HD)).Our study confirmed AAN-Lip-Rego accumulated at perivascular sites where M2-TAM is located,while iRGD-HD penetrated into deep site of tumor to enter cancer cells.Thereafter,we found iRGD-HD induced cancer cells undergoing immunogenic cell death to enhance tumor infiltration of CD8^(+)T cells.Meanwhile,AAN-Lip-Rego efficiently repolarized TAMs from M2 into M1 to alleviate tumor immunosuppression,thus reviving CD8^(+)T cells.Moreover,the repolarization of TAMs led to dramatic downregulation of prometastatic factors expressed on cancer cells.As a result,such combinatory approach elicited robust antitumor immune responses and generated considerable anti-tumor and anti-metastasis efficacy to markedly inhibit primary tumor and spontaneous lung metastasis.

关键词： spatial distribution tumor-associated macrophage immunogenic cell death anti-tumor immunity cancer metastasis

Integrated analysis reveals the protective mechanism and therapeutic potential of hyperbaric oxygen against pulmonary fibrosis

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第3期10卷 1029-1039页

作者： yuan yuan Guoqiang Qiao Jiajiao zhou Yilu zhou Yali Li Xia Li Zhenglin Jiang Yihua Wang Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology Institute of Special Environmental Medicine and Co-innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityNantongJiangsu 226019China Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUnited Kingdom Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthamptonSO171BJUnited Kingdom

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a dreadful, chronic, and irreversibly progressive disease leading to death with a few effective treatments. Our previous study suggested that repetitive hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Here, we investigated the protective mechanism of HBO treatment against pulmonary fibrosis using an integrated approach. Analyzing publicly available expression data from the mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis as well as IPF patients, several potential mechanisms of relevance to IPF pathology were identified, including increased epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and glycolysis. High EMT or glycolysis scores in bronchoalveolar lavage were strong independent predictors of mortality in multivariate analysis. These processes were potentially driven by hypoxia and blocked by HBO treatment. Together, these data support HBO treatment as a viable strategy against pulmonary fibrosis.

关键词： Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Hyperbaricoxygen Hypoxia Pulmonary fibrosis Systematic analysis